DMDAAC改性纖維素濾紙的制備及其性能研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-31 20:26
【摘要】：染料廣泛應(yīng)用于材料的染色。由于生產(chǎn)過程著色材料的洗滌和染料的不完全著色等原因,約有10%到15%的染料被排放至自然水體中,而且大多數(shù)有機染料具有毒性、不可生物降解性、致畸致癌性和致突變性,對人類健康和水體生物產(chǎn)生了嚴重威脅,極大地影響了生態(tài)平衡。因此,開發(fā)高效的染料吸附材料成為研究熱點。纖維素是自然界中儲藏量最豐富的一種具有生物可降解性、高強度和高熱穩(wěn)定性的低成本天然高分子化合物。對纖維素進行改性,研發(fā)具備優(yōu)良吸附染料性能的新型纖維素材料具有重要的應(yīng)用價值。論文采用原子轉(zhuǎn)移自由基(ATRP)法,以二甲基二烯丙基氯化銨(DMDAAC)為單體改性纖維素濾紙,通過控制單體與引發(fā)劑的比例,制備了不同接枝率的改性纖維素濾紙(Paper-PDMDAAC)。隨著單體DMDAAC投量的增加,Paper-PDMDAAC的接枝率線性增大。通過ATR-FTIR和XPS對濾紙改性前后的表面組成和結(jié)構(gòu)進行了分析,單體DMDAAC以共價鍵形式與濾紙表面纖維素成功接枝。采用掃描電鏡分析表面形貌,改性前后濾紙形貌幾無變化,保持了濾紙的原有結(jié)構(gòu)形貌。靜態(tài)水接觸角測試表明,Paper-PDMDAAC有著優(yōu)良的親水性。論文研究了 Paper-PDMDAAC對陰離子型染料甲基橙的吸附。隨著接枝率的增大,甲基橙的平衡吸附量逐級增加。隨著甲基橙溶液pH值的減小,吸附能力增強。在低濃度的甲基橙溶液中,Paper-PDMDAAC對甲基橙的吸附快速達到吸附平衡,且脫色率很高。隨著甲基橙溶液中NaCl濃度的升高,Paper-PDMDAAC對甲基橙的平衡吸附量明顯下降,吸附平衡量對溶液中離子濃度十分敏感。當甲基橙溶液初始濃度為100 mg/L,體積為50 mL,pH為4.6,吸附溫度為25 o℃時,質(zhì)量為75 mg、接枝率12.5%的Paper-PDMDAAC對甲基橙的脫色率達90%以上。Paper-PDMDAAC對甲基橙的吸附符合Langmuir等溫吸附模型及偽二級動力學(xué)模型,而且為單分子層吸附,接枝率12.5%的Paper-PDMDAAC對甲基橙的理論最大吸附量為243.9 mg/g。經(jīng)過6次再生測試后,Paper-PDMDAAC對甲基橙仍有良好的吸附效果,表明其具有良好的重復(fù)使用性和穩(wěn)定性。論文研究了 Paper-PDMDAAC對陰離子型染料甲基橙和陽離子型染料羅丹明B的選擇性吸附能力。Paper-PDMDAAC可以快速高效吸附去除甲基橙;而Paper-PDMDAAC吸附羅丹明B的效果差。甲基橙和羅丹明B的混合溶液吸附分離研究表明,隨著接枝率的增加,選擇性吸附分離效果愈加明顯;當Paper-PDMDAAC的接枝達到12.5%時,吸附分離達到了一種平衡的狀態(tài);對甲基橙的脫色率高達99.07%,而對羅丹明B脫色率低至3.33%;Paper-PDMDAAC對甲基橙和羅丹明B混合溶液表現(xiàn)出了優(yōu)良的選擇性吸附分離。經(jīng)過6次再生使用后,Paper-PDMDAAC對甲基橙的脫色率仍高于95%,而對羅丹明B的脫色率仍低于6%,同時抗張強度仍高于28 kN/m2,Paper-PDMDAAC有著良好的重復(fù)使用性和穩(wěn)定性。進一步對Paper-PDMDAAC選擇吸附分離混合染料的機理進行研究,濾紙平均孔徑遠大于染料分子直徑,幾乎不依靠物理攔截。Paper-PDMDAAC與染料分子之間主要靠靜電作用吸附結(jié)合,對甲基橙表現(xiàn)出靜電引力,對羅丹明B表現(xiàn)出靜電斥力,從而致使其具有選擇吸附效能。
[Abstract]:Dyes are widely used in dyeing materials. Due to the washing of coloring materials and incomplete coloring of dyes, about 10% to 15% of the dyes are discharged into natural waters. Most organic dyes are toxic, non-biodegradable, teratogenic, carcinogenic and mutagenic, which have produced effects on human health and aquatic organisms. Therefore, the development of efficient dye-adsorbing materials has become a research hotspot. Cellulose is one of the most abundant natural macromolecule compounds with biodegradability, high strength and high thermal stability. Cellulose is modified to develop excellent adsorbing dyes. The modified cellulose filter paper (Paper-PDMDAAC) with different grafting ratio was prepared by atom transfer radical (ATRP) method and DMDAAC as monomer to modify cellulose filter paper by controlling the ratio of monomer to initiator. The surface composition and structure of filter paper before and after modification were analyzed by ATR-FTIR and XPS. The monomer DMDAAC was successfully grafted with cellulose on the surface of filter paper in the form of covalent bond. The adsorption of methyl orange by Paper-PDMDAAC was studied in this paper. With the increase of grafting ratio, the equilibrium adsorption capacity of methyl orange increased step by step. With the decrease of pH value of methyl orange solution, the adsorption capacity increased. With the increase of NaCl concentration in methyl orange solution, the equilibrium adsorption capacity of Paper-PDMDAAC on methyl orange decreased significantly, and the adsorption equilibrium was very sensitive to the ionic concentration. When the initial concentration of methyl orange solution was 100 mg/L, the volume of methyl orange solution was 50 mL, and the pH was 0. Paper-PDMDAAC with a grafting rate of 12.5% and a mass of 75 mg had a decolorization rate of over 90% for methyl orange. The adsorption of methyl orange by Paper-PDMDAAC conformed to Langmuir isothermal adsorption model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The amount of Paper-PDMDAAC was 243.9 mg/g. After six regeneration tests, Paper-PDMDAAC still had good adsorption effect on methyl orange, indicating that it had good reusability and stability. The selective adsorption ability of Paper-PDMDAAC on anionic dye methyl orange and cationic dye rhodamine B was studied. Methyl orange was adsorbed by Paper-PDMDAAC, but Rhodamine B was not adsorbed by Paper-PDMDAAC. The results of adsorption separation showed that the effect of selective adsorption was more obvious with the increase of grafting ratio. When the grafting ratio of Paper-PDMDAAC reached 12.5%, the adsorption separation reached a balanced state. The decolorization rate of Paper-PDMDAAC for methyl orange and Rhodamine B was still higher than 95% after 6 times of regeneration, while that for rhodamine B was still lower than 6%, and the tensile strength was still higher than 28 kN/m2, Pape-PDMDAAC showed excellent selective adsorption and separation. R-PDMDAAC has good reusability and stability. The mechanism of selective adsorption and separation of mixed dyes by Paper-PDMDAAC was further studied. The average pore size of filter paper was much larger than that of dye molecules, almost independent of physical interception. Gravitation exhibits electrostatic repulsion on Rhodamine B, resulting in its selective adsorption efficiency.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：福建農(nóng)林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X703
本文編號：2216066
[Abstract]:Dyes are widely used in dyeing materials. Due to the washing of coloring materials and incomplete coloring of dyes, about 10% to 15% of the dyes are discharged into natural waters. Most organic dyes are toxic, non-biodegradable, teratogenic, carcinogenic and mutagenic, which have produced effects on human health and aquatic organisms. Therefore, the development of efficient dye-adsorbing materials has become a research hotspot. Cellulose is one of the most abundant natural macromolecule compounds with biodegradability, high strength and high thermal stability. Cellulose is modified to develop excellent adsorbing dyes. The modified cellulose filter paper (Paper-PDMDAAC) with different grafting ratio was prepared by atom transfer radical (ATRP) method and DMDAAC as monomer to modify cellulose filter paper by controlling the ratio of monomer to initiator. The surface composition and structure of filter paper before and after modification were analyzed by ATR-FTIR and XPS. The monomer DMDAAC was successfully grafted with cellulose on the surface of filter paper in the form of covalent bond. The adsorption of methyl orange by Paper-PDMDAAC was studied in this paper. With the increase of grafting ratio, the equilibrium adsorption capacity of methyl orange increased step by step. With the decrease of pH value of methyl orange solution, the adsorption capacity increased. With the increase of NaCl concentration in methyl orange solution, the equilibrium adsorption capacity of Paper-PDMDAAC on methyl orange decreased significantly, and the adsorption equilibrium was very sensitive to the ionic concentration. When the initial concentration of methyl orange solution was 100 mg/L, the volume of methyl orange solution was 50 mL, and the pH was 0. Paper-PDMDAAC with a grafting rate of 12.5% and a mass of 75 mg had a decolorization rate of over 90% for methyl orange. The adsorption of methyl orange by Paper-PDMDAAC conformed to Langmuir isothermal adsorption model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The amount of Paper-PDMDAAC was 243.9 mg/g. After six regeneration tests, Paper-PDMDAAC still had good adsorption effect on methyl orange, indicating that it had good reusability and stability. The selective adsorption ability of Paper-PDMDAAC on anionic dye methyl orange and cationic dye rhodamine B was studied. Methyl orange was adsorbed by Paper-PDMDAAC, but Rhodamine B was not adsorbed by Paper-PDMDAAC. The results of adsorption separation showed that the effect of selective adsorption was more obvious with the increase of grafting ratio. When the grafting ratio of Paper-PDMDAAC reached 12.5%, the adsorption separation reached a balanced state. The decolorization rate of Paper-PDMDAAC for methyl orange and Rhodamine B was still higher than 95% after 6 times of regeneration, while that for rhodamine B was still lower than 6%, and the tensile strength was still higher than 28 kN/m2, Pape-PDMDAAC showed excellent selective adsorption and separation. R-PDMDAAC has good reusability and stability. The mechanism of selective adsorption and separation of mixed dyes by Paper-PDMDAAC was further studied. The average pore size of filter paper was much larger than that of dye molecules, almost independent of physical interception. Gravitation exhibits electrostatic repulsion on Rhodamine B, resulting in its selective adsorption efficiency.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：福建農(nóng)林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X703
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相關(guān)期刊論文 前3條
1 巫龍輝;盧生昌;林新興;肖禾;吳慧;黃六蓮;陳禮輝;;纖維素基超疏水材料的研究進展[J];林產(chǎn)化學(xué)與工業(yè);2016年06期
2 周金平;甘蔚萍;張俐娜;;均相體系中纖維素化學(xué)改性研究概述[J];中國科學(xué):化學(xué);2012年05期
3 賈旭;張躍軍;;PDMDAAC合成工藝研究進展[J];精細化工;2008年10期
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