【摘要】：環(huán)境問題是世界普遍關(guān)注的問題,目前全球環(huán)境問題主要表現(xiàn)為環(huán)境污染和生態(tài)破壞兩個方面。我國在城市化進程過程中,與此相伴而生的城市環(huán)境日益成為環(huán)境治理亟待解決的重要問題。我國環(huán)境治理的內(nèi)容主要有大氣污染、水污染、固體廢棄物污染、森林破壞現(xiàn)象嚴重等,在環(huán)境治理工作中,北京、天津、廣州這些大城市取得了一些顯著的成果,為其他城市提供有益的借鑒。沈陽市是東三省的政治中心、經(jīng)濟中心、交通樞紐,是全國重要的工業(yè)基地,在國際上具有“東方魯爾”的稱號。建國前,由于受日偽政府和國民黨反動政府的蹂躪,生態(tài)環(huán)境已經(jīng)嚴重惡化。建國初該市雖然采取一定的措施治理環(huán)境,但是面對百廢待興的局面,經(jīng)濟建設(shè)依然是該市工作的重心,工業(yè)建設(shè)得以快速發(fā)展,但在生產(chǎn)的過程中,只注重經(jīng)濟效益,忽視對環(huán)境的保護,嚴重影響了生態(tài)環(huán)境的可持續(xù)發(fā)展,同時城市化過程中人口大規(guī)模增加,隨之環(huán)境問題更加嚴重,如生活垃圾劇增、糞穢雜物增多、公廁不足等,這些問題相應地制約著該市的城市化進程。為了實現(xiàn)城市的經(jīng)濟建設(shè)、政治建設(shè)、文化建設(shè)、社會建設(shè)和生態(tài)文明建設(shè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展,環(huán)境治理問題是值得我們關(guān)注且研究的問題。本論文主要從六個方面對當代沈陽地區(qū)的生態(tài)環(huán)境治理問題進行探討。第一部分內(nèi)容是“沈陽地區(qū)生態(tài)環(huán)境狀況及環(huán)衛(wèi)工作開展”,主要闡述了當代沈陽地區(qū)的環(huán)境發(fā)展概況及愛國衛(wèi)生運動的開展情況。第二部分內(nèi)容是“沈陽地區(qū)工業(yè)‘三廢’和垃圾問題治理”,主要敘述工業(yè)“三廢”的嚴重污染和垃圾污染問題,并提出具體解決措施。第三部分內(nèi)容是“沈陽地區(qū)綠化缺乏問題及造林運動”,這一部分是從建國以來沈陽地區(qū)的綠化現(xiàn)狀入手,并提出號召發(fā)動植樹造林運動、重視防護林建設(shè)、進行荒山育林、鼓勵居民區(qū)綠化、開展公園綠化建設(shè)作為解決該市綠化缺乏問題的措施。第四部分內(nèi)容是“沈陽地區(qū)的糞穢處理及公廁的改造與建設(shè)”,主要從糞穢清運情況及存在的問題、糞穢的處理方式、關(guān)于糞穢的糾紛問題和公廁的改造與建設(shè)這幾個方面進行研究。第五部分的內(nèi)容是“沈陽地區(qū)的街道整治”,討論了街道清掃事業(yè)的開展、街道綠化建設(shè)、街道附近地下水管道的處理以及冬季街道清雪運動這四個問題。第六部分內(nèi)容是“沈陽地區(qū)生態(tài)環(huán)境治理的經(jīng)驗教訓”,這部分總結(jié)了當代沈陽地區(qū)環(huán)境治理存在的問題以及取得的經(jīng)驗啟示,為今后的環(huán)境建設(shè)提出寶貴的意見。
[Abstract]:The environmental problem is a universal concern in the world. At present, the global environmental problem mainly manifests itself in two aspects: environmental pollution and ecological destruction. In the process of urbanization, the urban environment has become an important problem to be solved urgently. The contents of environmental control in China mainly include air pollution, water pollution, solid waste pollution, serious forest destruction and so on. In the environmental control work, Beijing, Tianjin, Guangzhou and other big cities have made some remarkable achievements. For other cities to provide useful reference. Shenyang is the political center, economic center and transportation hub of the three eastern provinces. It is an important industrial base in China and has the title of "Oriental Ruhr" in the world. Before the founding of the people's Republic of China, the ecological environment had deteriorated due to the ravages of the Japanese and Kuomintang reactionary governments. At the beginning of the founding of the people's Republic of China, although the city took certain measures to control the environment, economic construction was still the focus of the city's work in the face of the situation of "waiting for prosperity" and economic construction was still the focus of the city's work. Industrial construction developed rapidly, but in the process of production, it only paid attention to economic benefits. Ignoring the protection of the environment has seriously affected the sustainable development of the ecological environment. At the same time, during the process of urbanization, the population has increased on a large scale, and the environmental problems have become even more serious, such as the sharp increase of domestic waste, the increase of excrement and debris, the shortage of public toilets, and so on. These problems restrict the urbanization process of the city accordingly. In order to realize the sustainable development of urban economic construction, political construction, cultural construction, social construction and ecological civilization construction, environmental governance is a problem worthy of our attention and research. This paper mainly discusses the ecological environment governance in Shenyang from six aspects. The first part is "the situation of ecological environment and the development of sanitation work in Shenyang area", which mainly expounds the general situation of environmental development and the development of patriotic health movement in the contemporary Shenyang area. The second part is the "three wastes" and garbage treatment in Shenyang area. It mainly describes the serious pollution and garbage pollution of the industrial "three wastes", and puts forward some concrete measures to solve the problems. The third part is "lack of greening and afforestation movement in Shenyang area". This part starts with the present situation of afforestation in Shenyang area since the founding of the people's Republic of China, and puts forward a call to launch afforestation campaign, attach importance to the construction of shelterbelt, and carry out barren mountain cultivation. Encouraging the greening of residential areas and carrying out park greening construction are measures to solve the problem of lack of greening in the city. The fourth part is "waste disposal in Shenyang area and the renovation and construction of public toilets", mainly from the situation of defecation and transportation and the existing problems, the disposal method of fecal filth, The disputes about fecal waste and the renovation and construction of public toilets are studied. The fifth part is "Street renovation in Shenyang", which discusses the development of street cleaning, the construction of street greening, the treatment of underground water pipelines near streets and the snow clearing movement of streets in winter. The sixth part is "the experience and lessons of the ecological environment management in Shenyang area", which summarizes the problems existing in the environmental governance of the contemporary Shenyang area and the enlightenment obtained from the experience, and puts forward valuable suggestions for the future environmental construction.
【學位授予單位】：遼寧大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X321

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