湖南省碳赤字核算及森林碳匯發(fā)展研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-27 10:55
【摘要】：工業(yè)革命以后,隨著能源消費的增長,人類共同面臨著資源能源日趨枯竭、環(huán)境污染加劇、氣候變化等一系列災(zāi)難性問題。以湖南省為例,1960-2014年,湖南省年平均氣溫增暖趨勢較為顯著,其年平均氣溫存在著明顯的上升趨勢。在國內(nèi)各省積極發(fā)展低碳經(jīng)濟,削減碳排放的時代背景下開展能源消費碳排放分析與森林碳匯發(fā)展研究具有重要意義。本文以湖南省作為研究對象,根據(jù)湖南省2006-2015年的主要能源消費數(shù)據(jù)和主要林類的活木蓄積量數(shù)據(jù),從碳排放量、碳足跡、碳儲量、碳匯量、碳赤字等多個方面對研究期間湖南省的碳生態(tài)環(huán)境進行研究,對其能源消費碳排放和森林碳匯固碳量進行分析,一方面可對全省碳循環(huán)進行量化分析,從碳循環(huán)角度為湖南發(fā)展和管理策略提供科學(xué)依據(jù),另一方面對湖南省森林碳匯交易的發(fā)展提出政策建議。主要結(jié)論如下:(1)湖南省能源消費碳排放總量呈現(xiàn)波動上升,從2006年的22829.73萬噸增長到2015年29731.37萬噸,增加6901.64萬噸,增幅為30.2%,年均增長2.98%。(2)湖南省能源消費碳足跡逐漸增加,從2006年的3517.68萬hm2增加到2015年的4581.1萬hm2,增加1063.43萬hm2,增幅為30.2%,年均增長3%;人均碳足跡從2006年的0.55 hm2增長到2015年的0.68 hm2,增幅為23.6%,年均增長2.4%;單位面積碳足跡從2006年的1.66 hm2增長到2015年的2.16 hm2,增幅30.1%,年均增長3%。(3)湖南省碳強度逐漸下降,從2006年的2.97 t/萬元下降到2015年的1.03 t/萬元,說明能源利用效率一直在提高,這是湖南省不斷發(fā)展高科技、生態(tài)型、低污染產(chǎn)業(yè)和對產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)進行調(diào)整的結(jié)果。(4)湖南省森林碳儲總量呈現(xiàn)波動上升,從2006年的497.765×106 t增加到 2015 年的 661.035×106t,增加 163.269×106t,增幅 32.8%,年均增長 3.2%。碳匯量從2006年的1345.83×104t增加到2015年的3548.59×104t,增加2202.75×104t,增幅 163.67%,年均增長 11.4%。(5)湖南省森林碳儲固碳經(jīng)濟效益逐漸增加,從2006年的5973.18億元增加到2015年7932.41億元,增加1959.23億元,增幅32.8%,年均增長3.2%。碳匯固碳經(jīng)濟效益從2006年的161.15億元增加到2015年的425.83億元,增加264.33億元,增幅163.67%,年均增長11.4%。(6)湖南省碳赤字呈現(xiàn)波動上升,從2006年的21483.9萬噸增加到2015年26182.78萬噸,增加了 4698.89萬噸,增幅21.9%,年均增長2.2%;人均碳赤字從2006年的3.39噸/人增加到2015年3.86噸/人,增加了 0.47噸/人,增幅13.9%,年均增長1.5%;單位面積碳赤字從2006年的10.14 噸/hm2增加到2015年12.36噸/hm2,增加了 2.22噸/hm2,增幅21.9%,年均增長2.2%。(7)提出了建立健全制度、明確碳匯產(chǎn)權(quán)、減少交易成本、鼓勵企業(yè)投入、建立生態(tài)補償?shù)劝l(fā)展森林碳匯交易的措施和建議,為促進湖南省森林碳匯發(fā)展提供參考。
[Abstract]:After the Industrial Revolution, with the increase of energy consumption, mankind is faced with a series of catastrophic problems, such as the depletion of resources and energy, the worsening of environmental pollution and climate change. Taking Hunan Province as an example, from 1960 to 2014, the trend of annual mean temperature warming in Hunan Province is obvious, and the annual average temperature has obvious upward trend. Under the background of developing low-carbon economy and reducing carbon emissions, it is of great significance to carry out the analysis of carbon emissions from energy consumption and the development of forest carbon sinks. This paper takes Hunan Province as the research object, according to the main energy consumption data of Hunan Province from 2006 to 2015 and the living wood volume data of the main forest types, from the carbon emissions, carbon footprint, carbon storage, carbon sink, Carbon deficit and other aspects have studied the carbon ecological environment of Hunan Province during the study period, and analyzed the carbon emissions from energy consumption and carbon sequestration by forest carbon sinks. On the one hand, the carbon cycle in Hunan Province can be quantitatively analyzed. From the perspective of carbon cycle, it provides scientific basis for Hunan's development and management strategy, on the other hand, it puts forward policy recommendations for the development of forest carbon sink trading in Hunan Province. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the total carbon emissions of energy consumption in Hunan Province fluctuate, increasing from 228.2973 million tons in 2006 to 297.3137 million tons in 2015, an increase of 69.0164 million tons, an increase of 30.2 tons, and an average annual increase of 2.98%. (2) the carbon footprint of energy consumption in Hunan Province increases gradually. The per capita carbon footprint increased from 0.55 hm2 in 2006 to 0.68 hm2 in 2015, with an average annual increase of 2.46, and the carbon footprint per unit area increased from 1.66 in 2006 to 35.1768 million in 2006. Hm2 grew to 2.16 hm-2 in 2015, an increase of 30.1%. (3) carbon intensity in Hunan Province gradually decreased. The decline from 2.97 t / 10,000 yuan in 2006 to 1.03 t / 10,000 yuan in 2015 shows that energy use efficiency has been improving, which is the continuous development of high technology and ecology in Hunan Province. The results of low pollution industry and industrial structure adjustment. (4) the total forest carbon storage in Hunan Province increased from 497.765 脳 106t in 2006 to 661.035 脳 106t in 2015, an increase of 163.269 脳 106t, an increase of 32.8t. The amount of carbon sink increased from 1345.83 脳 10 ~ 4t in 2006 to 3548.59 脳 10 ~ 4 t in 2015, an increase of 2202.75 脳 10 ~ (4) t, an increase of 163.67 tons, and an average annual increase of 11.4%. (5) the economic benefits of carbon sequestration of forest carbon storage in Hunan Province increased gradually from 597.318 billion yuan in 2006 to 793.241 billion yuan in 2015, an increase of 32.8 yuan, with an average annual increase of 3.2%. The economic benefits of carbon sequestration in carbon sinks increased from 16.115 billion yuan in 2006 to 42.583 billion yuan in 2015, an increase of 26.433 billion yuan, an increase of 163.67 yuan, and an average annual growth of 11.4%. (6) the carbon deficit in Hunan Province fluctuated, increasing from 214.839 million tons in 2006 to 261.8278 million tons in 2015, an increase of 46.9889 million tons. The per capita carbon deficit increased from 3.39 tons per person in 2006 to 3.86 tons per person in 2015, an increase of 0.47 tons per person, The increase of 13.9%, an average annual growth of 1.5%; the carbon deficit per unit area increased from 10.14 tons / hm ~ 2 in 2006 to 12.36 tons / hm ~ 2 / hm ~ (2) in 2015, an increase of 2.22 tons / hm ~ (2), an increase of 21.9%, and an average annual increase of 2.2%. (7) A sound system was proposed to establish and improve the property rights of carbon sinks, reduce transaction costs, and encourage enterprises to invest, The measures and suggestions for the development of forest carbon sink trade such as ecological compensation provide a reference for promoting the development of forest carbon sink in Hunan Province.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X196;F832.5
[Abstract]:After the Industrial Revolution, with the increase of energy consumption, mankind is faced with a series of catastrophic problems, such as the depletion of resources and energy, the worsening of environmental pollution and climate change. Taking Hunan Province as an example, from 1960 to 2014, the trend of annual mean temperature warming in Hunan Province is obvious, and the annual average temperature has obvious upward trend. Under the background of developing low-carbon economy and reducing carbon emissions, it is of great significance to carry out the analysis of carbon emissions from energy consumption and the development of forest carbon sinks. This paper takes Hunan Province as the research object, according to the main energy consumption data of Hunan Province from 2006 to 2015 and the living wood volume data of the main forest types, from the carbon emissions, carbon footprint, carbon storage, carbon sink, Carbon deficit and other aspects have studied the carbon ecological environment of Hunan Province during the study period, and analyzed the carbon emissions from energy consumption and carbon sequestration by forest carbon sinks. On the one hand, the carbon cycle in Hunan Province can be quantitatively analyzed. From the perspective of carbon cycle, it provides scientific basis for Hunan's development and management strategy, on the other hand, it puts forward policy recommendations for the development of forest carbon sink trading in Hunan Province. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the total carbon emissions of energy consumption in Hunan Province fluctuate, increasing from 228.2973 million tons in 2006 to 297.3137 million tons in 2015, an increase of 69.0164 million tons, an increase of 30.2 tons, and an average annual increase of 2.98%. (2) the carbon footprint of energy consumption in Hunan Province increases gradually. The per capita carbon footprint increased from 0.55 hm2 in 2006 to 0.68 hm2 in 2015, with an average annual increase of 2.46, and the carbon footprint per unit area increased from 1.66 in 2006 to 35.1768 million in 2006. Hm2 grew to 2.16 hm-2 in 2015, an increase of 30.1%. (3) carbon intensity in Hunan Province gradually decreased. The decline from 2.97 t / 10,000 yuan in 2006 to 1.03 t / 10,000 yuan in 2015 shows that energy use efficiency has been improving, which is the continuous development of high technology and ecology in Hunan Province. The results of low pollution industry and industrial structure adjustment. (4) the total forest carbon storage in Hunan Province increased from 497.765 脳 106t in 2006 to 661.035 脳 106t in 2015, an increase of 163.269 脳 106t, an increase of 32.8t. The amount of carbon sink increased from 1345.83 脳 10 ~ 4t in 2006 to 3548.59 脳 10 ~ 4 t in 2015, an increase of 2202.75 脳 10 ~ (4) t, an increase of 163.67 tons, and an average annual increase of 11.4%. (5) the economic benefits of carbon sequestration of forest carbon storage in Hunan Province increased gradually from 597.318 billion yuan in 2006 to 793.241 billion yuan in 2015, an increase of 32.8 yuan, with an average annual increase of 3.2%. The economic benefits of carbon sequestration in carbon sinks increased from 16.115 billion yuan in 2006 to 42.583 billion yuan in 2015, an increase of 26.433 billion yuan, an increase of 163.67 yuan, and an average annual growth of 11.4%. (6) the carbon deficit in Hunan Province fluctuated, increasing from 214.839 million tons in 2006 to 261.8278 million tons in 2015, an increase of 46.9889 million tons. The per capita carbon deficit increased from 3.39 tons per person in 2006 to 3.86 tons per person in 2015, an increase of 0.47 tons per person, The increase of 13.9%, an average annual growth of 1.5%; the carbon deficit per unit area increased from 10.14 tons / hm ~ 2 in 2006 to 12.36 tons / hm ~ 2 / hm ~ (2) in 2015, an increase of 2.22 tons / hm ~ (2), an increase of 21.9%, and an average annual increase of 2.2%. (7) A sound system was proposed to establish and improve the property rights of carbon sinks, reduce transaction costs, and encourage enterprises to invest, The measures and suggestions for the development of forest carbon sink trade such as ecological compensation provide a reference for promoting the development of forest carbon sink in Hunan Province.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X196;F832.5
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