湖南省碳赤字核算及森林碳匯發(fā)展研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-27 10:55
【摘要】：工業(yè)革命以后,隨著能源消費(fèi)的增長(zhǎng),人類(lèi)共同面臨著資源能源日趨枯竭、環(huán)境污染加劇、氣候變化等一系列災(zāi)難性問(wèn)題。以湖南省為例,1960-2014年,湖南省年平均氣溫增暖趨勢(shì)較為顯著,其年平均氣溫存在著明顯的上升趨勢(shì)。在國(guó)內(nèi)各省積極發(fā)展低碳經(jīng)濟(jì),削減碳排放的時(shí)代背景下開(kāi)展能源消費(fèi)碳排放分析與森林碳匯發(fā)展研究具有重要意義。本文以湖南省作為研究對(duì)象,根據(jù)湖南省2006-2015年的主要能源消費(fèi)數(shù)據(jù)和主要林類(lèi)的活木蓄積量數(shù)據(jù),從碳排放量、碳足跡、碳儲(chǔ)量、碳匯量、碳赤字等多個(gè)方面對(duì)研究期間湖南省的碳生態(tài)環(huán)境進(jìn)行研究,對(duì)其能源消費(fèi)碳排放和森林碳匯固碳量進(jìn)行分析,一方面可對(duì)全省碳循環(huán)進(jìn)行量化分析,從碳循環(huán)角度為湖南發(fā)展和管理策略提供科學(xué)依據(jù),另一方面對(duì)湖南省森林碳匯交易的發(fā)展提出政策建議。主要結(jié)論如下:(1)湖南省能源消費(fèi)碳排放總量呈現(xiàn)波動(dòng)上升,從2006年的22829.73萬(wàn)噸增長(zhǎng)到2015年29731.37萬(wàn)噸,增加6901.64萬(wàn)噸,增幅為30.2%,年均增長(zhǎng)2.98%。(2)湖南省能源消費(fèi)碳足跡逐漸增加,從2006年的3517.68萬(wàn)hm2增加到2015年的4581.1萬(wàn)hm2,增加1063.43萬(wàn)hm2,增幅為30.2%,年均增長(zhǎng)3%;人均碳足跡從2006年的0.55 hm2增長(zhǎng)到2015年的0.68 hm2,增幅為23.6%,年均增長(zhǎng)2.4%;單位面積碳足跡從2006年的1.66 hm2增長(zhǎng)到2015年的2.16 hm2,增幅30.1%,年均增長(zhǎng)3%。(3)湖南省碳強(qiáng)度逐漸下降,從2006年的2.97 t/萬(wàn)元下降到2015年的1.03 t/萬(wàn)元,說(shuō)明能源利用效率一直在提高,這是湖南省不斷發(fā)展高科技、生態(tài)型、低污染產(chǎn)業(yè)和對(duì)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行調(diào)整的結(jié)果。(4)湖南省森林碳儲(chǔ)總量呈現(xiàn)波動(dòng)上升,從2006年的497.765×106 t增加到 2015 年的 661.035×106t,增加 163.269×106t,增幅 32.8%,年均增長(zhǎng) 3.2%。碳匯量從2006年的1345.83×104t增加到2015年的3548.59×104t,增加2202.75×104t,增幅 163.67%,年均增長(zhǎng) 11.4%。(5)湖南省森林碳儲(chǔ)固碳經(jīng)濟(jì)效益逐漸增加,從2006年的5973.18億元增加到2015年7932.41億元,增加1959.23億元,增幅32.8%,年均增長(zhǎng)3.2%。碳匯固碳經(jīng)濟(jì)效益從2006年的161.15億元增加到2015年的425.83億元,增加264.33億元,增幅163.67%,年均增長(zhǎng)11.4%。(6)湖南省碳赤字呈現(xiàn)波動(dòng)上升,從2006年的21483.9萬(wàn)噸增加到2015年26182.78萬(wàn)噸,增加了 4698.89萬(wàn)噸,增幅21.9%,年均增長(zhǎng)2.2%;人均碳赤字從2006年的3.39噸/人增加到2015年3.86噸/人,增加了 0.47噸/人,增幅13.9%,年均增長(zhǎng)1.5%;單位面積碳赤字從2006年的10.14 噸/hm2增加到2015年12.36噸/hm2,增加了 2.22噸/hm2,增幅21.9%,年均增長(zhǎng)2.2%。(7)提出了建立健全制度、明確碳匯產(chǎn)權(quán)、減少交易成本、鼓勵(lì)企業(yè)投入、建立生態(tài)補(bǔ)償?shù)劝l(fā)展森林碳匯交易的措施和建議,為促進(jìn)湖南省森林碳匯發(fā)展提供參考。
[Abstract]:After the Industrial Revolution, with the increase of energy consumption, mankind is faced with a series of catastrophic problems, such as the depletion of resources and energy, the worsening of environmental pollution and climate change. Taking Hunan Province as an example, from 1960 to 2014, the trend of annual mean temperature warming in Hunan Province is obvious, and the annual average temperature has obvious upward trend. Under the background of developing low-carbon economy and reducing carbon emissions, it is of great significance to carry out the analysis of carbon emissions from energy consumption and the development of forest carbon sinks. This paper takes Hunan Province as the research object, according to the main energy consumption data of Hunan Province from 2006 to 2015 and the living wood volume data of the main forest types, from the carbon emissions, carbon footprint, carbon storage, carbon sink, Carbon deficit and other aspects have studied the carbon ecological environment of Hunan Province during the study period, and analyzed the carbon emissions from energy consumption and carbon sequestration by forest carbon sinks. On the one hand, the carbon cycle in Hunan Province can be quantitatively analyzed. From the perspective of carbon cycle, it provides scientific basis for Hunan's development and management strategy, on the other hand, it puts forward policy recommendations for the development of forest carbon sink trading in Hunan Province. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the total carbon emissions of energy consumption in Hunan Province fluctuate, increasing from 228.2973 million tons in 2006 to 297.3137 million tons in 2015, an increase of 69.0164 million tons, an increase of 30.2 tons, and an average annual increase of 2.98%. (2) the carbon footprint of energy consumption in Hunan Province increases gradually. The per capita carbon footprint increased from 0.55 hm2 in 2006 to 0.68 hm2 in 2015, with an average annual increase of 2.46, and the carbon footprint per unit area increased from 1.66 in 2006 to 35.1768 million in 2006. Hm2 grew to 2.16 hm-2 in 2015, an increase of 30.1%. (3) carbon intensity in Hunan Province gradually decreased. The decline from 2.97 t / 10,000 yuan in 2006 to 1.03 t / 10,000 yuan in 2015 shows that energy use efficiency has been improving, which is the continuous development of high technology and ecology in Hunan Province. The results of low pollution industry and industrial structure adjustment. (4) the total forest carbon storage in Hunan Province increased from 497.765 脳 106t in 2006 to 661.035 脳 106t in 2015, an increase of 163.269 脳 106t, an increase of 32.8t. The amount of carbon sink increased from 1345.83 脳 10 ~ 4t in 2006 to 3548.59 脳 10 ~ 4 t in 2015, an increase of 2202.75 脳 10 ~ (4) t, an increase of 163.67 tons, and an average annual increase of 11.4%. (5) the economic benefits of carbon sequestration of forest carbon storage in Hunan Province increased gradually from 597.318 billion yuan in 2006 to 793.241 billion yuan in 2015, an increase of 32.8 yuan, with an average annual increase of 3.2%. The economic benefits of carbon sequestration in carbon sinks increased from 16.115 billion yuan in 2006 to 42.583 billion yuan in 2015, an increase of 26.433 billion yuan, an increase of 163.67 yuan, and an average annual growth of 11.4%. (6) the carbon deficit in Hunan Province fluctuated, increasing from 214.839 million tons in 2006 to 261.8278 million tons in 2015, an increase of 46.9889 million tons. The per capita carbon deficit increased from 3.39 tons per person in 2006 to 3.86 tons per person in 2015, an increase of 0.47 tons per person, The increase of 13.9%, an average annual growth of 1.5%; the carbon deficit per unit area increased from 10.14 tons / hm ~ 2 in 2006 to 12.36 tons / hm ~ 2 / hm ~ (2) in 2015, an increase of 2.22 tons / hm ~ (2), an increase of 21.9%, and an average annual increase of 2.2%. (7) A sound system was proposed to establish and improve the property rights of carbon sinks, reduce transaction costs, and encourage enterprises to invest, The measures and suggestions for the development of forest carbon sink trade such as ecological compensation provide a reference for promoting the development of forest carbon sink in Hunan Province.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：X196;F832.5
[Abstract]:After the Industrial Revolution, with the increase of energy consumption, mankind is faced with a series of catastrophic problems, such as the depletion of resources and energy, the worsening of environmental pollution and climate change. Taking Hunan Province as an example, from 1960 to 2014, the trend of annual mean temperature warming in Hunan Province is obvious, and the annual average temperature has obvious upward trend. Under the background of developing low-carbon economy and reducing carbon emissions, it is of great significance to carry out the analysis of carbon emissions from energy consumption and the development of forest carbon sinks. This paper takes Hunan Province as the research object, according to the main energy consumption data of Hunan Province from 2006 to 2015 and the living wood volume data of the main forest types, from the carbon emissions, carbon footprint, carbon storage, carbon sink, Carbon deficit and other aspects have studied the carbon ecological environment of Hunan Province during the study period, and analyzed the carbon emissions from energy consumption and carbon sequestration by forest carbon sinks. On the one hand, the carbon cycle in Hunan Province can be quantitatively analyzed. From the perspective of carbon cycle, it provides scientific basis for Hunan's development and management strategy, on the other hand, it puts forward policy recommendations for the development of forest carbon sink trading in Hunan Province. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the total carbon emissions of energy consumption in Hunan Province fluctuate, increasing from 228.2973 million tons in 2006 to 297.3137 million tons in 2015, an increase of 69.0164 million tons, an increase of 30.2 tons, and an average annual increase of 2.98%. (2) the carbon footprint of energy consumption in Hunan Province increases gradually. The per capita carbon footprint increased from 0.55 hm2 in 2006 to 0.68 hm2 in 2015, with an average annual increase of 2.46, and the carbon footprint per unit area increased from 1.66 in 2006 to 35.1768 million in 2006. Hm2 grew to 2.16 hm-2 in 2015, an increase of 30.1%. (3) carbon intensity in Hunan Province gradually decreased. The decline from 2.97 t / 10,000 yuan in 2006 to 1.03 t / 10,000 yuan in 2015 shows that energy use efficiency has been improving, which is the continuous development of high technology and ecology in Hunan Province. The results of low pollution industry and industrial structure adjustment. (4) the total forest carbon storage in Hunan Province increased from 497.765 脳 106t in 2006 to 661.035 脳 106t in 2015, an increase of 163.269 脳 106t, an increase of 32.8t. The amount of carbon sink increased from 1345.83 脳 10 ~ 4t in 2006 to 3548.59 脳 10 ~ 4 t in 2015, an increase of 2202.75 脳 10 ~ (4) t, an increase of 163.67 tons, and an average annual increase of 11.4%. (5) the economic benefits of carbon sequestration of forest carbon storage in Hunan Province increased gradually from 597.318 billion yuan in 2006 to 793.241 billion yuan in 2015, an increase of 32.8 yuan, with an average annual increase of 3.2%. The economic benefits of carbon sequestration in carbon sinks increased from 16.115 billion yuan in 2006 to 42.583 billion yuan in 2015, an increase of 26.433 billion yuan, an increase of 163.67 yuan, and an average annual growth of 11.4%. (6) the carbon deficit in Hunan Province fluctuated, increasing from 214.839 million tons in 2006 to 261.8278 million tons in 2015, an increase of 46.9889 million tons. The per capita carbon deficit increased from 3.39 tons per person in 2006 to 3.86 tons per person in 2015, an increase of 0.47 tons per person, The increase of 13.9%, an average annual growth of 1.5%; the carbon deficit per unit area increased from 10.14 tons / hm ~ 2 in 2006 to 12.36 tons / hm ~ 2 / hm ~ (2) in 2015, an increase of 2.22 tons / hm ~ (2), an increase of 21.9%, and an average annual increase of 2.2%. (7) A sound system was proposed to establish and improve the property rights of carbon sinks, reduce transaction costs, and encourage enterprises to invest, The measures and suggestions for the development of forest carbon sink trade such as ecological compensation provide a reference for promoting the development of forest carbon sink in Hunan Province.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：X196;F832.5
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