高水廢棄物的固化減量及機理研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-25 13:13
【摘要】：隨著對資源的大量開發(fā)和利用,一種具有高含水率特征的廢棄泥漿在能源和環(huán)保問題上開始引起人們的重視。目前的固化技術(shù)處理成本高、處理量小及應(yīng)用性差,不能滿足高含水率廢棄物的固化要求。高水廢棄物的固化減量處理對固化體用作農(nóng)用資源、填充材料、建筑材料等具有重要現(xiàn)實意義。生活污泥作為一種高含水率廢棄物,具有含水率高、處理量大等特點,本文將高含水率生活污泥作為主要研究對象,選用磷酸鎂鉀水泥(MKPC)和復(fù)合水泥作為固化劑對生活污泥進(jìn)行固化,以及復(fù)合水泥對高含水率金渣進(jìn)行固化處理,探究固化劑的配比和摻量對固化體的抗壓強度、含水率、增容比、流變性等性能影響。同時利用激光粒度分析、X射線衍射(XRD)分析、掃描電鏡(SEM)分析、水化熱分析等測試方法,從原料性能、物相組成、顯微結(jié)構(gòu)及水化進(jìn)程進(jìn)行分析,并探討了固化機理。主要研究結(jié)論如下:(1)在MKPC固化高含水率污泥體系中,固化污泥的強度、流變性、含水率、體積收縮率與污泥含水率、固化劑摻量及硅灰摻量密切相關(guān)。隨著MKPC摻入量增加,固化污泥的強度逐漸增加,增加的幅度(斜率)與污泥初始含水率密切相關(guān),含水率越低,固化污泥強度越高,當(dāng)污泥含水率從94%降到85%,摻加20 wt%MKPC的固化污泥3d和7d的抗壓強度分別增加了0.47 MPa和2.4 MPa;適量的硅灰摻入可以提高固化污泥的強度,且強度滿足填埋要求。MKPC和硅灰顯著增加固化污泥的粘度和屈服應(yīng)力并降低拌合物的工作性。MKPC和硅灰均可以降低污泥的含水率,含水率為94%的污泥經(jīng)7d固化后,含水率均可降到30%以下,滿足填埋要求(60%)。MKPC和硅灰均可降低污泥的體積,固化7d時,摻加30 wt%MKPC的固化污泥增容比為0.53;在摻加30 wt%MKPC條件下,復(fù)摻30 wt%硅灰的固化污泥增容比為0.68。隨著MKPC摻量從20 wt%增加到40 wt%時,固化污泥7d的體積收縮率從40 wt%增加到62 wt%,MKPC的摻量越大,其體積收縮率越大;當(dāng)30 wt%MKPC復(fù)摻硅灰時,隨硅灰摻量增加,固化污泥的收縮率降低。(2)在三元復(fù)合水泥固化高含水率污泥體系中,高鋁水泥(HAC)/二水石膏(C(?)H_2)和硅酸鹽水泥(PC)/高鋁水泥均對固化體的力學(xué)性能、流變性、礦物組成及水化速率有影響。污泥含水率為94%,固化劑摻量為30 wt%。隨著HAC/C(?)H_2比例降低,固化污泥的抗壓強度先增大后降低,未出現(xiàn)倒縮;隨著HAC/C(?)H_2的降低,固化污泥的粘度和屈服應(yīng)力也逐漸降低;HAC/C(?)H_2對固化污泥的水化進(jìn)程有影響,當(dāng)HAC/C(?)H_2由15/10降低為13/12時,延遲了硅酸鹽水泥的水化時間。隨著PC/HAC增大,固化污泥的抗壓強度先增大后降低,未出現(xiàn)倒縮;且隨著PC/HAC的增大,固化污泥的粘度和屈服應(yīng)力逐漸降低。隨著復(fù)合水泥固化劑總摻量增大,固化污泥的抗壓強度也不斷增大,復(fù)合水泥固化劑摻量為40 wt%時,3d、7d和28d的抗壓強度分別為1.4 MPa、3 MPa和4.8 MPa;當(dāng)復(fù)合水泥固化劑摻量低于20 wt%時,固化體的最高強度將低于200 k Pa,無法滿足填埋要求(0.35 MPa)。(3)在復(fù)合水泥固化高含水率金渣體系中,金渣的性質(zhì)、復(fù)合水泥的配比對固化金渣的強度、凝結(jié)時間、礦物組成有很大影響。其中固化劑摻量為15 wt%,水固比0.53。在HAC-PC-C(?)H_2體系中,試樣(HAC:PC:C(?)H_2=15 wt%:10 wt%:75 wt%)1d,7d和28d的抗壓強度分別為1.2 MPa,3.4 MPa和2.8 MPa。固化金渣中存在二水石膏的衍射峰,這可能由于金渣含有的可溶性硫酸鹽,導(dǎo)致二水石膏在液相中的溶解度太低。在HACPC-CH體系中,試樣(PC:HAC:CH=70 wt%:10 wt%:20 wt%)1d,7d和28d的抗壓強度分別為1 MPa,3 MPa和5 MPa,且后期強度倒縮不大。以硅酸鹽水泥為主體,摻加適量的鋁酸鹽水泥和少量的熟石灰可形成早期強度高,且強度較為穩(wěn)定的高標(biāo)號填充體。熟石灰與高鋁水泥縮短固化金渣的初凝時間,獲得較好的早期強度,但會引起后期強度的嚴(yán)重倒縮。
[Abstract]:With a large amount of exploitation and utilization of resources, a kind of waste mud with high water content characteristics has begun to pay attention to energy and environmental protection. The current curing technology has high cost, small treatment and poor application. It can not meet the curing requirements of high water cut waste. The curing reduction treatment of high water waste is cured. As a kind of high water cut waste with high water content and large amount of treatment, the living sludge as a kind of high water cut waste has the characteristics of high water content and large amount of treatment. In this paper, the high water cut sludge is used as the main research object, and the MKPC and composite cement are selected as the curing agent to the living sludge. The effects of curing agent on the compressive strength, moisture content, compatibilization ratio and rheological properties of the solidified agent are investigated by the curing and the composite cement to cure the high water content gold slag. At the same time, the laser particle size analysis, the X ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, the scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis, the hydration heat analysis and other testing methods, from the raw material nature, are used. The main research conclusions are as follows: (1) in the MKPC solidified high water content sludge system, the strength, rheology, moisture content, volume shrinkage of the solidified sludge and the water content of the sludge are closely related to the content of the solidifying agent and the content of silica fume. With the increase of the amount of MKPC, the content of the sludge is increased. The intensities of the sludge increased gradually, the increased amplitude (slope) was closely related to the initial water content of the sludge. The lower the water content, the higher the strength of the sludge, the water content of the sludge decreased from 94% to 85%, the compressive strength of the solidified sludge 3D and 7d added 20 wt%MKPC increased by 0.47 MPa and 2.4 MPa, and a proper amount of silica fume could improve the solidified sludge. The strength of.MKPC and silica fume significantly increased the viscosity and yield stress of the solidified sludge, and reduced the working properties of the mixture.MKPC and silica fume. The water content of the sludge could be reduced. The water content of the sludge with water content 94% could be reduced to less than 30% after 7d curing, which could satisfy the requirement of the landfill (60%).MKPC and silica fume. The volume ratio of the solidified sludge with 30 wt%MKPC is 0.53 when the volume of the sludge is cured for 7d, and the volume shrinkage of the solidified sludge 7d is increased from 40 wt% to 62 wt% when the addition of 30 wt% silica fume is added to 0.68. with the addition of 30 wt%MKPC, and the larger the volume of the MKPC is, the larger the volume shrinkage of the sludge. When 30 wt%MKPC is mixed with silica fume, the shrinkage rate of solidified sludge decreases with the increase of silica fume content. (2) in the three yuan composite cement solidified high water cut sludge system, high aluminum cement (HAC) / two gypsum (C (?) H_2) and Portland cement (PC) / high alumina cement have influence on the mechanical properties, rheology, mineral composition and hydration rate of the solidified body. The moisture content is 94% and the curing agent content is 30 wt%., with the decrease of HAC/C (?) H_2 ratio, the compressive strength of the solidified sludge increases first and then decreases, and does not shrink. With the decrease of HAC/C (?) H_2, the viscosity and yield stress of the solidified sludge are gradually reduced, and HAC/C (?) H_2 has an effect on the hydration process of the solidified sludge, when HAC/C (?) H_2 is reduced from 15/10 to 13/12. The hydration time of Portland cement was delayed. The compressive strength of the solidified sludge increased first and then decreased with the increase of PC/HAC, and the viscosity and yield stress of the solidified sludge decreased gradually with the increase of PC/HAC. The compressive strength of the solidified sludge increased with the increase of the total content of the composite cement solidifying agent, and the composite cement was also increased. When the dosage of the curing agent is 40 wt%, the compressive strength of 3D, 7d and 28d are 1.4 MPa, 3 MPa and 4.8 MPa, and the maximum strength of the solidified cement solidifying agent will be lower than 200 K Pa, which can not meet the requirement of the landfill (0.35 MPa). (3) the properties of the gold slag and the ratio of the composite cement in the composite cement solidified high water content gold slag system. The strength, setting time and mineral composition of the solidified gold slag have a great influence. The dosage of the curing agent is 15 wt%, and the water to solid ratio 0.53. is in the HAC-PC-C (?) H_2 system, the sample (HAC:PC:C (?) H_2=15 wt%: 10 wt%: 75 wt%) 1D, the compressive strength of 7D and 28d is 1.2 respectively, and the diffraction peaks of two water gypsum in the 3.4 and 2.8 solidified gold slag are possible. Because of the soluble sulfate contained in the gold slag, the solubility of two water gypsum in the liquid phase is too low. In the HACPC-CH system, the specimen (PC:HAC:CH=70 wt%: 10 wt%: 20 wt%) 1D, the compressive strength of 7D and 28d are 1 MPa, 3 MPa and 5 MPa, and the later strength is not reduced. The main body of the cement is silicate cement, and a proper amount of aluminate cement and a small amount are added. The early lime and high alumina cement can shorten the initial setting time of the solidified gold slag and get better early strength, but it will cause the severe contraction of the later strength.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：濟(jì)南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X703
本文編號：2143930
[Abstract]:With a large amount of exploitation and utilization of resources, a kind of waste mud with high water content characteristics has begun to pay attention to energy and environmental protection. The current curing technology has high cost, small treatment and poor application. It can not meet the curing requirements of high water cut waste. The curing reduction treatment of high water waste is cured. As a kind of high water cut waste with high water content and large amount of treatment, the living sludge as a kind of high water cut waste has the characteristics of high water content and large amount of treatment. In this paper, the high water cut sludge is used as the main research object, and the MKPC and composite cement are selected as the curing agent to the living sludge. The effects of curing agent on the compressive strength, moisture content, compatibilization ratio and rheological properties of the solidified agent are investigated by the curing and the composite cement to cure the high water content gold slag. At the same time, the laser particle size analysis, the X ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, the scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis, the hydration heat analysis and other testing methods, from the raw material nature, are used. The main research conclusions are as follows: (1) in the MKPC solidified high water content sludge system, the strength, rheology, moisture content, volume shrinkage of the solidified sludge and the water content of the sludge are closely related to the content of the solidifying agent and the content of silica fume. With the increase of the amount of MKPC, the content of the sludge is increased. The intensities of the sludge increased gradually, the increased amplitude (slope) was closely related to the initial water content of the sludge. The lower the water content, the higher the strength of the sludge, the water content of the sludge decreased from 94% to 85%, the compressive strength of the solidified sludge 3D and 7d added 20 wt%MKPC increased by 0.47 MPa and 2.4 MPa, and a proper amount of silica fume could improve the solidified sludge. The strength of.MKPC and silica fume significantly increased the viscosity and yield stress of the solidified sludge, and reduced the working properties of the mixture.MKPC and silica fume. The water content of the sludge could be reduced. The water content of the sludge with water content 94% could be reduced to less than 30% after 7d curing, which could satisfy the requirement of the landfill (60%).MKPC and silica fume. The volume ratio of the solidified sludge with 30 wt%MKPC is 0.53 when the volume of the sludge is cured for 7d, and the volume shrinkage of the solidified sludge 7d is increased from 40 wt% to 62 wt% when the addition of 30 wt% silica fume is added to 0.68. with the addition of 30 wt%MKPC, and the larger the volume of the MKPC is, the larger the volume shrinkage of the sludge. When 30 wt%MKPC is mixed with silica fume, the shrinkage rate of solidified sludge decreases with the increase of silica fume content. (2) in the three yuan composite cement solidified high water cut sludge system, high aluminum cement (HAC) / two gypsum (C (?) H_2) and Portland cement (PC) / high alumina cement have influence on the mechanical properties, rheology, mineral composition and hydration rate of the solidified body. The moisture content is 94% and the curing agent content is 30 wt%., with the decrease of HAC/C (?) H_2 ratio, the compressive strength of the solidified sludge increases first and then decreases, and does not shrink. With the decrease of HAC/C (?) H_2, the viscosity and yield stress of the solidified sludge are gradually reduced, and HAC/C (?) H_2 has an effect on the hydration process of the solidified sludge, when HAC/C (?) H_2 is reduced from 15/10 to 13/12. The hydration time of Portland cement was delayed. The compressive strength of the solidified sludge increased first and then decreased with the increase of PC/HAC, and the viscosity and yield stress of the solidified sludge decreased gradually with the increase of PC/HAC. The compressive strength of the solidified sludge increased with the increase of the total content of the composite cement solidifying agent, and the composite cement was also increased. When the dosage of the curing agent is 40 wt%, the compressive strength of 3D, 7d and 28d are 1.4 MPa, 3 MPa and 4.8 MPa, and the maximum strength of the solidified cement solidifying agent will be lower than 200 K Pa, which can not meet the requirement of the landfill (0.35 MPa). (3) the properties of the gold slag and the ratio of the composite cement in the composite cement solidified high water content gold slag system. The strength, setting time and mineral composition of the solidified gold slag have a great influence. The dosage of the curing agent is 15 wt%, and the water to solid ratio 0.53. is in the HAC-PC-C (?) H_2 system, the sample (HAC:PC:C (?) H_2=15 wt%: 10 wt%: 75 wt%) 1D, the compressive strength of 7D and 28d is 1.2 respectively, and the diffraction peaks of two water gypsum in the 3.4 and 2.8 solidified gold slag are possible. Because of the soluble sulfate contained in the gold slag, the solubility of two water gypsum in the liquid phase is too low. In the HACPC-CH system, the specimen (PC:HAC:CH=70 wt%: 10 wt%: 20 wt%) 1D, the compressive strength of 7D and 28d are 1 MPa, 3 MPa and 5 MPa, and the later strength is not reduced. The main body of the cement is silicate cement, and a proper amount of aluminate cement and a small amount are added. The early lime and high alumina cement can shorten the initial setting time of the solidified gold slag and get better early strength, but it will cause the severe contraction of the later strength.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：濟(jì)南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X703
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