【摘要】：我國火力發(fā)電廠常采用的是石灰石-石膏濕法脫硫技術(shù),但在實(shí)際的運(yùn)營生產(chǎn)中,常常出現(xiàn)吸收塔漿液起泡溢流的狀況,若不能妥善解決漿液起泡溢流問題,將會(huì)導(dǎo)致脫硫效率降低、石膏品質(zhì)下降,這嚴(yán)重影響了脫硫系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行。本文以馬鞍山當(dāng)涂火力發(fā)電廠為研究對象,采集了石灰石原料、飛灰、吸收塔漿液、工藝水、石灰石漿液,研究探討了無機(jī)離子的含量以及無機(jī)離子與重金屬之間的相關(guān)性,得出以下結(jié)論:1.經(jīng)實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證,篩選出Ca2+、Mg2+、Cl-、SO42-做為主要的無機(jī)指標(biāo),以消泡劑的添加量來表征漿液起泡的程度,通過實(shí)驗(yàn)分析可以得出,Ca2+、Mg2+、Cl-、SO42-均會(huì)對漿液起泡具有貢獻(xiàn)度,Mg2+與SO42-反應(yīng)將會(huì)生成泡沫;Ca2+與Mg+具有同離子增長效應(yīng),Cl-與Ca2+反應(yīng)生成的CaCl2溶于液體中將會(huì)對漿液的表面張力產(chǎn)生一定影響。漿液中其他無機(jī)離子之間反應(yīng)將會(huì)生成絡(luò)合物薄膜,Mg2+對絡(luò)合膜的形成具有促進(jìn)作用,這將抑制石灰石的溶解性,從而影響了脫硫的效率。2.石灰石漿液和工藝水中的各種成分大部分符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn),若工藝水水質(zhì)出現(xiàn)異常,其Ca2+、Mg2+及重金屬元素含量亦會(huì)出現(xiàn)異常,可以得出Ca2+、Mg2及重金屬元素出現(xiàn)異常均會(huì)對漿液起泡具有一定的貢獻(xiàn)度。3.對漿液中的無機(jī)離子指標(biāo)與理化指標(biāo)做相關(guān)性分析可以得出,pH與Ca2+、Mg2+呈顯著正相關(guān),吸收塔漿液中實(shí)測pH值高于理論設(shè)計(jì)值,因此要以不影響實(shí)際運(yùn)行生產(chǎn)為前提,適量的減少石灰石漿液的供漿量。對漿液中的無機(jī)離子指標(biāo)與重金屬元素做相關(guān)性分析可得,Cl-與As呈極顯著正相關(guān)關(guān)系,SO42-與Ni也呈極顯著正相關(guān)關(guān)系,說明隨著Cl-及SO42-的增加,As和Ni的含量均會(huì)增加。無機(jī)離子Ca2+、Mg2+、Cl-及重金屬As、Ni的累積富集將會(huì)對吸收塔漿液起泡產(chǎn)生協(xié)同效應(yīng)。4.對漿液中的無機(jī)離子指標(biāo)、重金屬指標(biāo)與表面張力做相關(guān)性分析,Ca2+及Cl-與表面張力呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系,重金屬Cd、Cr、As與漿液的表面張力也呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān),因漿液的表面張力越小,漿液就越容易起泡,因此隨著吸收塔漿液中Ca2+、Cl-及重金屬Cd、Cr、As的增多,漿液的表面張力會(huì)降低,從而漿液就容易起泡。
[Abstract]:Limestone-gypsum wet desulphurization technology is often used in thermal power plants in our country. However, in actual operation and production, the bubbling overflow of slurry in absorption tower is often found, if the problem of bubbling overflow of slurry can not be solved properly, It will lead to the decrease of desulfurization efficiency and the quality of gypsum, which seriously affects the stable operation of the desulfurization system. In this paper, the limestone raw materials, fly ash, absorber slurry, process water and limestone slurry were collected from Dangtu Thermal Power Plant in Ma'anshan. The content of inorganic ions and the correlation between inorganic ions and heavy metals were studied. Draw the following conclusion: 1. The results showed that Ca ~ (2 +) mg _ (2) Cl-so _ (4) _ (2-) was selected as the main inorganic index, and the amount of defoamer was used to characterize the degree of slurry foaming. Through the experimental analysis, it can be concluded that both Ca ~ (2 +) mg _ (2) and so _ (4) _ 4 ~ (2-) contribute to the bubbling of slurry. Mg _ (2) and so _ (4) _ (2-) react with mg to form a foam. [Ca ~ (2 +)] and mg _ (2) react with Ca ~ (2 +) to form CaCl _ (2) dissolved on the surface of the slurry. Tension has a certain effect. The reaction between other inorganic ions in the slurry will result in the formation of complex film Mg2, which will inhibit the solubility of limestone and affect the efficiency of desulphurization. Most of the components of limestone slurry and process water meet the standard. If the quality of process water is abnormal, the contents of Ca 2 + mg 2 and heavy metal elements will also be abnormal. It can be concluded that abnormal Ca 2 + mg 2 and heavy metal elements will contribute to the bubbling of slurry. By analyzing the correlation between inorganic ion index and physicochemical index, it can be concluded that pH and Ca 2 + mg 2 are significantly positive correlation, and the measured pH value in the slurry of absorber is higher than the theoretical design value, so it is necessary to do not affect the actual operation and production. Reduce the amount of limestone slurry. By analyzing the correlation between inorganic ion index and heavy metal elements in the slurry, it was found that there was a very significant positive correlation between Cl- and as, so _ 42- and Ni, which indicated that the contents of as and Ni would increase with the increase of Cl- and so _ 42-. The accumulation and enrichment of inorganic ion Ca2 + Mg2 + and heavy metal As-Ni will produce synergistic effect on the bubbling of absorber slurry. Correlation Analysis between heavy Metal Indexes and Surface tension for Inorganic Ion Indexes in slurry; Ca 2 + and Cl-have a significant negative correlation with surface tension, and there is also a significant negative correlation between heavy metal CD _ (2) Cr ~ (2 +) _ as and surface tension of slurry, because the surface tension of size is smaller. Therefore, with the increase of Ca ~ (2 +) ~ (2 +) and CD _ (2 +) Cr ~ (2 +) as in the slurry of the absorber, the surface tension of the slurry will decrease, and the size will be easily foamed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X773

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