【摘要】：近年來(lái),隨著社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的飛速發(fā)展,人類對(duì)土地資源的超負(fù)荷開(kāi)發(fā)和利用,致使人地矛盾日趨突出,土地生態(tài)安全問(wèn)題日趨嚴(yán)重。如何保持土地資源的可持續(xù)開(kāi)發(fā)和利用已成為人類社會(huì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展面臨的新課題�？茖W(xué)的評(píng)價(jià)土地生態(tài)安全,并在此基礎(chǔ)上制定合理的政策以指導(dǎo)實(shí)踐無(wú)疑具有重要的理論與實(shí)踐意義。本課題以湖南省為研究對(duì)象,以土地生態(tài)安全相關(guān)理論為指導(dǎo),在DPSIR(驅(qū)動(dòng)力—壓力—狀態(tài)—影響—響應(yīng))概念模型框架下,選取31個(gè)相關(guān)指標(biāo),構(gòu)建了湖南省土地生態(tài)安全評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系。在此基礎(chǔ)上,并運(yùn)用熵權(quán)法對(duì)評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)進(jìn)行客觀賦權(quán),采用模糊綜合評(píng)價(jià)法計(jì)算湖南省2005—2015的土地生態(tài)安全綜合值。參考湖南省“十三五”規(guī)劃的生態(tài)目標(biāo)(2020年目標(biāo)值),確定湖南省土地生態(tài)安全等級(jí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果顯示,經(jīng)濟(jì)密度、城鎮(zhèn)登記失業(yè)率、單位耕地面積地膜使用量、森林覆蓋率、工業(yè)固體廢物綜合利用率等指標(biāo)是影響湖南省土地生態(tài)安全的主要因素。2005—2015年湖南省土地生態(tài)安全狀況呈波動(dòng)向上狀態(tài),總體發(fā)展趨勢(shì)良好,土地生態(tài)環(huán)境子系統(tǒng)在評(píng)價(jià)期內(nèi)除壓力子系統(tǒng)表現(xiàn)較不穩(wěn)定之外,其余4個(gè)子系統(tǒng)都基本呈波動(dòng)向上狀態(tài)。尤其是2007年“兩型社會(huì)”建設(shè)開(kāi)展以來(lái),湖南省的土地生態(tài)安全狀況得到了很大的改善,生態(tài)安全等級(jí)從Ⅱ級(jí)上升為Ⅳ級(jí),處于較安全狀態(tài)。這表明湖南省近年來(lái)實(shí)施的退耕還林工程、城市綠化工程以及節(jié)能減排工程都取得了很好的成績(jī)。最后,本研究針對(duì)湖南省土地生態(tài)安全方面存在的問(wèn)題,從經(jīng)濟(jì)、法律、行政和技術(shù)等方面提出相關(guān)建議。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of social economy, the overload of human exploitation and utilization of land resources makes the contradiction between man and land become more and more prominent, and the problem of land ecological security becomes more and more serious. How to maintain the sustainable development and utilization of land resources has become a new subject in the sustainable development of human society. It is undoubtedly of great theoretical and practical significance to scientifically evaluate land ecological security and make reasonable policies to guide practice. This paper takes Hunan Province as the research object, takes the land ecological security theory as the instruction, under the DPSIR conceptual model frame, selects 31 related indexes. The evaluation index system of land ecological security in Hunan Province is constructed. On the basis of this, entropy weight method is used to give objective weight to the evaluation index, and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used to calculate the comprehensive value of land ecological security in Hunan Province from 2005 to 2015. Referring to the ecological target (2020 target value) of the 13th Five-Year Plan of Hunan Province, the grade standard of land ecological security in Hunan Province is determined. The results show that the economic density, urban registered unemployment rate, the use of film per unit cultivated land area, forest coverage, The comprehensive utilization ratio of industrial solid waste is the main factor affecting the land ecological security in Hunan Province. The land ecological security situation of Hunan Province fluctuated upward from 2005 to 2015, and the overall development trend is good. Except for the unstable performance of the pressure subsystem, the other four subsystems were basically fluctuating and upward during the evaluation period. Especially since the construction of "two-type society" was carried out in 2007, the ecological security of land in Hunan Province has been greatly improved, and the ecological security level has been raised from grade 鈪，

本文編號(hào)：2125423