本文選題：污泥二次脫水 + 無(wú)機(jī)調(diào)理劑　； 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：污水處理廠剩余污泥經(jīng)Polyacrylamide或Cationic Polyacrylamide調(diào)理后,雖然容易實(shí)現(xiàn)固液分離,但是由于聚丙烯酰胺類藥劑較強(qiáng)的架橋作用使得污泥內(nèi)部生成了穩(wěn)定的網(wǎng)狀結(jié)構(gòu),限制了內(nèi)部水分,難以實(shí)現(xiàn)污泥再進(jìn)一步地脫水。為了大幅度降低污泥含水率,本文采用污泥深度脫水技術(shù),先后用FeCl_3和AlCl_3,Na_2SiO_3以及聚硅鋁鐵鎂鹽(PSAFM)作為調(diào)理劑對(duì)含水率在83%左右的脫水污泥進(jìn)行調(diào)理,再用高壓壓濾法對(duì)其進(jìn)行二次脫水并對(duì)原理進(jìn)行探究。結(jié)論如下:(1)為了探究FeCl_3和AlCl_3對(duì)脫水污泥的調(diào)理效果,污泥添加兩種調(diào)理劑后,再進(jìn)行二次脫水實(shí)驗(yàn)。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明兩種調(diào)理劑都能降低污泥含水率,其中FeCl_3的處理效果更好。當(dāng)FeCl_3為污泥干重的16.7%時(shí),在2Mpa的壓力下,污泥水分去除率可達(dá)30%。為了探索污泥脫水的原理,對(duì)污泥內(nèi)部性質(zhì)進(jìn)行了檢測(cè),結(jié)果證明陽(yáng)離子使污泥顆粒表面負(fù)電荷被中和,使得顆粒間的排斥力減小并脫穩(wěn)聚集,最終原污泥中存在的網(wǎng)狀結(jié)構(gòu)被破壞,污泥顆粒聚集成更大更密實(shí)的絮體,釋放了更多的水分。同時(shí),陽(yáng)離子水解作用產(chǎn)生的沉淀物能夠當(dāng)做骨架結(jié)構(gòu)鞏固污泥內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu),使得排水孔道不易變形,內(nèi)部水分更易排出。(2)為了進(jìn)一步提高污泥含固率,Na_2SiO_3和FeCl_3被用作調(diào)理劑用于脫水污泥的二次脫水。脫水結(jié)果證明Na_2SiO_3在FeCl_3的作用下能進(jìn)一步改善并提高脫水污泥的脫水性能。當(dāng)Na_2SiO_3為污泥干重的6.7%,FeCl_3為污泥干重的13.3%時(shí),脫水污泥的含固率可從2O%升至48%左右。對(duì)污泥的表面電荷和內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行觀察后發(fā)現(xiàn)脫水污泥在FeCl_3的電中和作用和Na_2SiO_3的聚合架橋作用下,內(nèi)部原本由陽(yáng)離子聚丙烯酰胺產(chǎn)生的網(wǎng)狀結(jié)構(gòu)被破壞并產(chǎn)生了新的網(wǎng)狀結(jié)構(gòu),而這種新的網(wǎng)狀結(jié)構(gòu)能使污泥絮體更加密實(shí)從而減小污泥的可壓縮性,最終提高了污泥二次脫水效果。(3)為了進(jìn)一步提高污泥的脫水效果,將共聚法合成得到的聚硅鋁鐵鎂鹽(PSAFM)作為一種新的調(diào)理劑用于污泥二次脫水,對(duì)調(diào)理劑的內(nèi)部性質(zhì)和污泥的內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行表征和觀測(cè)后得出:PSAFM不僅有電中和作用,還有架橋作用和凝結(jié)固化作用。脫水污泥經(jīng)PSAFM調(diào)理后,本身的過(guò)濾性能和可壓縮性得到了大幅度改善。當(dāng)調(diào)理劑為污泥干重的13.3%時(shí),脫水污泥的含固率能夠升至50%左右。以上實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明PSAFM是一種適合污泥二次脫水的高效調(diào)理劑。
[Abstract]:After being treated with polyacrylamide or Cationic polyacrylamide, it is easy to realize solid-liquid separation, but because of the bridging effect of polyacrylamide, the sludge has a stable network structure, which limits the internal moisture. It is difficult to dewatering sludge further. In order to greatly reduce the water content of sludge, the technology of deep dewatering of sludge was adopted in this paper. FeCl3 and ALCL _ 3 / S _ 2SiO _ 3 and PSAFM were used as conditioning agents to regulate the dewatered sludge with moisture content of about 83%. The secondary dehydration was carried out by high pressure filtration and the principle was explored. The conclusions are as follows: (1) in order to investigate the effect of FeClS3 and ALCL _ 3 on dewatering sludge, the secondary dewatering experiment was carried out after adding two kinds of conditioning agents to sludge. The experimental results show that both kinds of conditioning agents can reduce the moisture content of sludge, and FeCl _ 3 has better treatment effect. When FeCl3 is 16.7% of the dry weight of sludge, the sludge moisture removal rate can reach 30% under the pressure of 2Mpa. In order to explore the principle of sludge dewatering, the internal properties of sludge were tested. The results show that cations neutralize the negative charge on the surface of sludge particles, reduce the repulsive force between the particles and destabilize the aggregation. Finally, the network structure in the original sludge was destroyed, and the sludge granule was accumulated into a larger and more dense floc, which released more water. At the same time, the sediment produced by the cationic hydrolysis can be used as a skeleton structure to consolidate the internal structure of the sludge, making the drainage channels difficult to deform. (2) in order to further increase the solid content of sludge, Na _ 2SiO _ 3 and FeCl _ 3 are used as conditioning agents for secondary dewatering of dewatered sludge. The results of dewatering show that Na2SiO _ 3 can further improve and improve the dewatering performance of dewatered sludge under the action of FeCl _ 3. The solid content of dewatered sludge can be increased from 2% to 48%, when the titer Na2SiO3 is 6.7FeCl3 of the dry weight of sludge and FeCl3 is 13.3wt% of the dry weight of sludge, and the solid content of the dewatered sludge can be increased from 20% to 48%. After observing the surface charge and internal structure of the sludge, it was found that under the effect of the electric neutralization of FeClS3 and the polymerization and bridge of Na2SiO3, the network structure originally produced by cationic polyacrylamide was destroyed and a new network structure was produced. But this new network structure can make the sludge floc more compact, reduce the sludge compressibility, and finally improve the sludge secondary dewatering effect. (3) in order to further improve the sludge dewatering effect, The polysilicon aluminum ferric magnesium salt (PSAFM) synthesized by copolymerization was used as a new conditioning agent for secondary dewatering of sludge. The internal properties of the modifier and the internal structure of sludge were characterized and observed. There is also bridging and solidification. After treated with PSAFM, the filtration performance and compressibility of the dewatered sludge were greatly improved. The solid content of dewatered sludge can increase to about 50% when the conditioning agent is 13.3% of the dry weight of sludge. The experimental results show that PSAFM is an efficient conditioning agent for secondary dewatering of sludge.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X703

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