本文選題：厭氧氨氧化 + 接種污泥�。� 參考：《合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,大量的氮磷被直接排入自然水體當(dāng)中,導(dǎo)致水體富營養(yǎng)化和藻類大量繁殖。厭氧氨氧化工藝由于具有高效、節(jié)能、無需碳源和污泥產(chǎn)量少等優(yōu)點而備受青睞。該工藝適合處理低碳氮比的高氨氮廢水,但其啟動所需時間較長,導(dǎo)致該工藝的應(yīng)用受到了限制。鳥糞石沉淀法可以同時去除氮磷元素,并且得到的結(jié)晶產(chǎn)物是一種高品位的緩釋復(fù)合肥料。但是從廢水中回收的鳥糞石沉淀可能會含有其他有毒物質(zhì),這可能對環(huán)境造成二次污染。本論文中主要探究了厭氧氨氧化反應(yīng)器的啟動策略和有機砷化合物對鳥糞石結(jié)晶過程的影響。具體結(jié)論如下:(1)研究了兩個厭氧氨氧化反應(yīng)器的啟動。R1和R2反應(yīng)器分別以剩余污泥和混合污泥作為接種物啟動Anammox反應(yīng)器。R1和R2反應(yīng)器均啟動成功并穩(wěn)定運行,其總氮容積負(fù)荷分別達到224和570 g-N/m~3/d,在R1反應(yīng)器中沒有顆粒污泥形成,而R2反應(yīng)器在45天開始出現(xiàn)紅色的顆粒污泥,表明接種部分厭氧顆粒污泥可以促進Anammox污泥顆粒化。R1和R2反應(yīng)器中的Anammox菌均屬于Candidatus_Kuenenia屬,其相對豐度分別達到16.4%和27.4%。實驗結(jié)果表明了接種少量Anammox污泥可以促進Anammox反應(yīng)器的啟動。(2)探究了接種策略對厭氧氨氧化反應(yīng)器啟動的影響。以活性污泥作為作為接種污泥啟動Anammox反應(yīng)器的所需時間短于以厭氧顆粒污泥作為接種污泥的Anammox反應(yīng)器。厭氧顆粒污泥組反應(yīng)器在培養(yǎng)55天后各實驗組總氮容積負(fù)荷為35 g-N/m~3/d,總氮去除率分別為4.5%、10.0%、17.8%、21.5%和29.8%。活性污泥組反應(yīng)器的啟動時間分別為30 d、17 d、11 d、9 d和6 d。2-1組總氮容積負(fù)荷為35 g-N/m~3/d,而2-2、2-3、2-4和2-5組總氮容積負(fù)荷達170 g-N/m~3/d,總氮去除率分別為44.9%、79.3%、82.2%、74.5%和79.7%。添加Anammox污泥可以明顯促進活性污泥組反應(yīng)器的啟動,而對顆粒污泥組的促進作用不明顯,這可能是由于接種污泥中菌群的差異所導(dǎo)致。(3)探究了在有機砷對鳥糞石結(jié)晶過程的影響。結(jié)果表明阿散酸、洛克沙胂、三價砷和五價砷對鳥糞石法除磷效果沒有明顯的影響,但它們會影響鳥糞石晶體的粒徑和表面形態(tài)。鳥糞石沉淀產(chǎn)物中砷化合物的含量主要受到pH的影響。在鳥糞石沉淀產(chǎn)物中阿散酸、洛克沙胂、五價砷與三價砷的最大含量分別為15.6、35.5、25.2和2325.0 mg/kg。阿散酸和洛克沙胂的含量隨著pH的上升而減少,而三價砷和五價砷的含量會隨著pH的上升而增加。五價砷可以形成砷酸銨鎂并與鳥糞石一起沉淀,而其它幾種砷化合物主要被鳥糞石晶體的表面作用力吸附而沉淀。
[Abstract]:In recent years, a large amount of nitrogen and phosphorus has been discharged directly into the natural water, resulting in eutrophication and algal proliferation. Anaerobic ammoxidation process is favored for its advantages of high efficiency, energy saving, no carbon source and less sludge production. This process is suitable for the treatment of high ammonia nitrogen wastewater with low C / N ratio, but it takes a long time to start up, so the application of this process is limited. The precipitation method of guano stone can remove nitrogen and phosphorus at the same time, and the crystallization product is a kind of high grade slow-release compound fertilizer. But the precipitate of bird dung recovered from waste water may contain other toxic substances, which may cause secondary pollution to the environment. In this paper, the start-up strategy of anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor and the effect of organic arsenic compounds on the crystallization process of guano were studied. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the start-up of two anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactors. R1 and R2 were studied. The Anammox reactors. R1 and R2 were started successfully and stably with surplus sludge and mixed sludge as inoculants, respectively. The volumetric loading of total nitrogen reached 224 and 570 g / n / m ~ (-1) / d, respectively, and there was no granular sludge formation in R1 reactor, while in R2 reactor red granular sludge began to appear at 45 days. The results showed that inoculated part of anaerobic granular sludge could promote the granulation of Anammox sludge. R1 and R2 reactors both belonged to Candidatus Kuenenia, and their relative abundance reached 16.4% and 27.4%, respectively. The results showed that inoculation with a small amount of Anammox sludge could promote the start-up of Anammox reactor. (2) the effect of inoculation strategy on the start-up of anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor was investigated. It takes less time to start Anammox reactor with activated sludge as inoculation sludge than Anammox reactor with anaerobic granular sludge as inoculation sludge. After 55 days of culture, the total nitrogen volumetric load of each experimental group was 35 g / N / m ~ (-1) / d, and the removal rate of total nitrogen was 4. 5% 10.0 ~ 17. 8% and 29. 8% respectively. The start-up time of activated sludge reactor was 30 days, 17 days, 11 days, 9 days and 6 d.2-1, respectively, and the total nitrogen volumetric load was 35 g N / m ~ 3 / d, while that of 2 ~ 2 ~ 2 ~ 2 ~ 3 ~ 3 ~ 2 ~ 4 and 2 ~ 5 groups reached 170 g ~ N / m ~ (-1) / d, respectively. The total nitrogen removal rates were 74.5% and 79.7%, respectively. The addition of Anammox sludge could obviously promote the start-up of activated sludge reactor, but the effect on granular sludge group was not obvious. This may be due to the difference of microflora in inoculated sludge. (3) the effect of organic arsenic on the crystallization process of guano stone was investigated. The results showed that arsonic acid, roxarsone, trivalent arsenic and pentavalent arsenic had no significant effect on the removal of phosphorus by guano stone method, but they could affect the crystal size and surface morphology of guanzonite. The content of arsenic compounds in the precipitated product of guano stone is mainly affected by pH. The maximum contents of arsonic acid, roxarsone, pentavalent arsenic and trivalent arsenic in the precipitated product of guanzonite were 15.6mg / kg and 2325.0 mg / kg, respectively. The contents of arsonic acid and roxarsone decreased with the increase of pH, while the contents of trivalent and pentavalent arsenic increased with the increase of pH. Pentavalent arsenic can form magnesium ammonium arsenate and precipitate with guano, while other arsenic compounds are mainly adsorbed by the surface force of the crystal.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X703

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