本文選題：生物滴濾塔 + 間二氯苯　； 參考：《江蘇大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：揮發(fā)性有機物(VOCs--Volatile Organic Compounds)的排放問題已成為重要的環(huán)境問題之一。目前,雖然生物滴濾器(BTF---Biotrickling filters)能有效處理一些VOCs,但是其對疏水性有機物處理效果不佳。優(yōu)勢菌強化及表面活性劑與金屬離子協(xié)同強化都是對強化生物滴濾技術(shù)處理疏水性VOCs有效方法。在本研究中,間二氯苯作為一種疏水性VOCs被選為研究對象。利用富集培養(yǎng)技術(shù)和無菌濾紙片平板法分離純化具有間二氯苯降解能力的優(yōu)勢菌株,并對其進(jìn)行形態(tài)學(xué)觀察、生理生化試驗、16S rRNA基因序列的同源性分析,及優(yōu)勢菌種的降解特性進(jìn)行研究。結(jié)果表明,篩選到5株(分別標(biāo)記為DH-1、DH-2、DH-3、DH-4和DH-5)具有間二氯苯降解能力的優(yōu)勢菌種,其去除率分別為75.4%、74.8%、70.1%、67.5%和50.7%。針對DH 1菌和DH-2菌的形態(tài)學(xué)和生理生化試驗表明,細(xì)胞均呈桿狀,有鞭毛、芽孢和莢膜,革蘭氏陽性,能使明膠液化、淀粉水解。16S rRNA基因序列相似性比較進(jìn)一步表明DH-1菌和DH-2菌與Brevibacillus agri(土壤短芽孢桿菌)的相似性達(dá)94%以上,因此鑒定DH-1和DH-2為Brevibacillus agri。選取DH-1菌進(jìn)行的降解性能測定表明,最適降解時間、初始濃度、菌體接種量、pH和溫度分別為2 d、130 mg/L、10%、7和30℃。以間二氯苯為單一碳源,研究不同濃度的鼠李糖脂、Fe~(3+)和Mg~(2+)對土壤短芽孢桿菌DH-1的生長狀況及間二氯苯降解效率的影響,通過響應(yīng)面優(yōu)化法獲得最適濃度。鼠李糖脂、Fe~(3+)及Mg~(2+)均會對DH-1菌的生長、間二氯苯的去除效率產(chǎn)生影響;利用響應(yīng)面模型優(yōu)化獲得鼠李糖脂、Fe~(3+)和Mg~(2+)的最適添加濃度分別為150 mg/L、5 mg/L、2 mg/L。在最適條件下培養(yǎng)2 d后,菌種密度較大且形成菌團(tuán),菌種正處于高活性狀態(tài),培養(yǎng)3 d后,對間二氯苯的降解效率可達(dá)98.94%,對比空白實驗,其降解效率提升了25.32%。同時啟動三個同樣的生物滴濾塔(BTF1、BTF2、BTF3),研究鼠李糖脂、Fe~(3+)和Mg~(2+)對間二氯苯降解和DH-1菌生長的影響,最終得到鼠李糖脂、Fe~(3+)和Mg~(2+)在生物滴濾塔中的的最佳添加量,分別為170 mg/L、4 mg/L和2 mg/L。三種添加物質(zhì)的交互作用實驗結(jié)果表明,Fe~(3+)及Mg~(2+)可以較為明顯的提升鼠李糖脂的強化作用。通過BTF1和BTF2研究添加最適量的鼠李糖脂、Fe~(3+)和Mg~(2+)后,在不同EBRT及進(jìn)氣負(fù)荷下對生物滴濾塔處理間二氯苯的強化作用。結(jié)果表明鼠李糖脂、Fe~(3+)和Mg~(2+)可以較大幅度地提升生物滴濾塔去除間二氯苯的能力。對整個滴濾塔實驗過程的溶解氧檢測的結(jié)果也說明鼠李糖脂、Fe~(3+)和Mg~(2+)很大程度的改善了氧氣傳質(zhì)和運行穩(wěn)定性。
[Abstract]:The emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) has become one of the most important environmental problems. At present, BTF-Biotrickling filters (BTF-Biotrickling filters) can effectively treat some VOCs, but it is not effective in treating hydrophobic organic matter. The enhancement of dominant bacteria and the synergistic enhancement of surfactant and metal ions are effective methods for the treatment of hydrophobic VOCs by enhanced biofiltration. In this study, m-dichlorobenzene was selected as a hydrophobic VOCs. Predominance strains with m-dichlorobenzene degradation were isolated and purified by enrichment culture technique and aseptic filter plate method. Morphological observation and homology analysis of 16s rRNA gene sequence in physiological and biochemical tests were carried out. And the degradation characteristics of dominant strains were studied. The results showed that 5 strains (labeled DH-1DH-2DH-3DH-4 and DH-5) had the ability to degrade m-dichlorobenzene, and the removal rates were 75.4% and 50.7%, respectively. The morphological, physiological and biochemical tests of DH1 and DH-2 showed that the cells were rod shaped, flagella, spore and capsule, Gram-positive, and could liquefy gelatin. The similarity between DH-1 and DH-2 strains and Brevibacillus agri was more than 94%, so DH-1 and DH-2 were identified as Brevibacillus agrius. The optimum degradation time, initial concentration, inoculation amount, pH and temperature of DH-1 strain were 2 d ~ 130 mg / L ~ 10 鈩，

本文編號：2083946