本文選題：鈍頂螺旋藻 + 光生物反應(yīng)器　； 參考：《江南大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：微藻分布十分廣泛,其光合效率高、繁殖速度快、環(huán)境適應(yīng)能力強(qiáng)。微藻培養(yǎng)過(guò)程中需消耗大量的水資源和碳、氮、磷等營(yíng)養(yǎng)鹽,使其規(guī)�；a(chǎn)成本較高。利用污水培養(yǎng)微藻,能夠回收利用污水中氮磷等營(yíng)養(yǎng)元素,獲得微藻生物質(zhì)并實(shí)現(xiàn)污水凈化,具有較高的經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)和環(huán)境效益。本文選擇經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值高、環(huán)境適應(yīng)能力強(qiáng)的鈍頂螺旋藻為研究對(duì)象,以市政污水為螺旋藻培養(yǎng)液,以PBR和MPBR為螺旋藻培養(yǎng)和分離的反應(yīng)器,探究市政污水培養(yǎng)鈍頂螺旋藻的適宜條件。為提高螺旋藻生物量,對(duì)碳源、HRT、藻密度等培養(yǎng)條件以及批次、半連續(xù)、連續(xù)的培養(yǎng)方式進(jìn)行優(yōu)化調(diào)整;同時(shí)為延長(zhǎng)膜使用壽命,在分析膜污染物質(zhì)的基礎(chǔ)上確定適宜膜孔徑和膜清洗方法;最后,通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)和動(dòng)力學(xué)方法分析比較PBR與MPBR的運(yùn)行效果。本文的主要研究結(jié)果如下:(1)市政污水添加0.80 g/LNaHCO_3能夠用于螺旋藻的培養(yǎng)。(2)錐形瓶中批次培養(yǎng)螺旋藻至第12天生物量最高,為1.51g/L。(3)PBR連續(xù)培養(yǎng)螺旋藻時(shí),確定適宜HRT為20 d,反應(yīng)器中藻密度維持在1.00g/L-1.20 g/L。采收螺旋藻生物量為0.42 g/d,污水進(jìn)水量為0.35L/d。不同HRT下螺旋藻對(duì)氮、磷營(yíng)養(yǎng)鹽的去除效果相似,NH_4~+-N、TN、TP去除率分別為98.52%-99.03%、90.43%-95.22%、88.25%-96.81%,出水NH_4~+-N、TN、TP濃度均達(dá)到《國(guó)家城鎮(zhèn)污水處理廠(chǎng)污染物排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》(GB18918-2002)一級(jí)A排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。(4)MPBR半連續(xù)培養(yǎng)螺旋藻時(shí),確定最短HRT為1.75d,反應(yīng)器中螺旋藻密度約為1.80 g/L-2.00 g/L。MPBR連續(xù)培養(yǎng)螺旋藻時(shí),HRT為1.75 d、MRT為20d時(shí),采收螺旋藻生物量為0.69 g/d,污水中藻細(xì)胞的蛋白質(zhì)、碳水化合物和葉綠素a含量等細(xì)胞組分與培養(yǎng)基中藻細(xì)胞的相近。污水進(jìn)水量為4 L/d,NH_4~+-N、TN、TP、COD的去除率分別為93.54%-98.97%、77.06%-90.24%、48.37%-66.91%和23.37%-47.28%,出水NH_4~+-N、TN濃度達(dá)到一級(jí)A標(biāo)準(zhǔn),TP濃度達(dá)到一級(jí)B標(biāo)準(zhǔn),出水中多種金屬離子含量均低于進(jìn)水。污水中約93.15%的N元素、95.57%的P元素被螺旋藻吸收利用,轉(zhuǎn)化為自身細(xì)胞的組成物質(zhì)。(5)EEM、SEM和EDX分析膜面污染物結(jié)果顯示,進(jìn)水膜面主要是EOM等有機(jī)物形成的濾餅層污染,出水膜面附著含Ca為主的無(wú)機(jī)沉淀物,部分膜孔徑堵塞。過(guò)濾藻液時(shí)適宜的膜孔徑為0.45μm;膜清洗方法為將污染膜片超聲振蕩0.50 h,再先后利用pH值為2的鹽酸和200mg/LNaClO溶液浸泡清洗2h,清洗后純水通量恢復(fù)為初始純水通量的94.29%。(6)市政污水培養(yǎng)螺旋藻過(guò)程中,與PBR相比MPBR能耗和成本較高,但MPBR能夠明顯提高藻密度和污水負(fù)荷,反應(yīng)器操作條件更靈活、運(yùn)行更穩(wěn)定。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,MPBR中螺旋藻密度約為PBR的2倍,采收量從0.42g/d提高至0.69g/d;HRT顯著縮短,污水進(jìn)水量是PBR的11倍,進(jìn)水N負(fù)荷從7.70 mg/d-8.05 mg/d提高至122.28mg/d-137.96mg/d,進(jìn)水P負(fù)荷從0.44mg/d-0.50 mg/d提高至7.57 mg/d-8.21 mg/d;MPBR中去除N、P的量分別為PBR的14-15倍、9-11倍。動(dòng)力學(xué)分析從理論上表明MPBR應(yīng)用于螺旋藻培養(yǎng)方面的有效性。
[Abstract]:Microalgae are widely distributed, with high photosynthetic efficiency, rapid reproduction rate and strong environmental adaptability. In the process of microalgae culture, a large amount of water resources and nutrients such as carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus are consumed, which makes the production cost of microalgae on a large scale higher. Using sewage to cultivate microalgae can recover nutrient elements such as nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage, obtain microalgae biomass and realize sewage purification, which has higher economic, social and environmental benefits. In this paper, Spirulina platensis with high economic value and strong adaptability to environment was selected as the research object. The municipal sewage was used as the culture medium of spirulina, and PBR and MPBR were used as the reactors for the culture and separation of spirulina. To explore the suitable conditions for the cultivation of Spirulina platensis by municipal sewage. In order to improve the biomass of Spirulina platensis, the culture conditions such as carbon source HRT, algal density, batch, semi-continuous and continuous culture methods were optimized and adjusted to prolong the service life of the membrane. Based on the analysis of membrane fouling materials, the suitable membrane pore size and membrane cleaning method were determined. Finally, the operation effects of PBR and MPBR were analyzed and compared by means of experimental data and kinetic method. The main results are as follows: (1) municipal sewage added 0.80 g / L NaHCO3 can be used in the culture of spirulina. (2) the biomass of spirulina cultured in conical flask was the highest up to the 12th day, which was 1.51g / L. (3) when PBR was used to culture spirulina continuously, The optimum HRT was 20 days and the algae density in the reactor was maintained at 1.00 g / L ~ (-1) g 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1). The biomass of Spirulina was 0.42 g / d and the influent of sewage was 0.35 L / d. The removal rates of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients of Spirulina platensis under different HRT conditions were 98.52- 99.03and 90.43- 95.2222and 88.25- 96.81respectively, the removal efficiency of NH4- NnnnTTP was 98.52- 99.030.The effluent NH _ 4~ -NTN _ (TNN) TP concentration reached the first A discharge standard (GB18918-2002). (4) when the spirulina was cultured semi-continuously with MPBR, the effluent NH4- ~ -NN _ (TNN) _ (TP) reached the first class A discharge standard (GB18918-2002). The shortest HRT was 1.75 days, the density of spirulina was about 1.80 g / L ~ (-2.00) g / L ~ (MPBR) in the reactor, when the HRT was 1.75 d ~ (-1) MRT was 20 days, the biomass of Spirulina was 0.69 g / d, and the protein of algae cells in sewage was obtained. The contents of carbohydrates and chlorophyll a were similar to those of algal cells in culture medium. The removal rate of TPCOD in effluent was 93.54-98.97 and 77.06-90.2424It was 48.37-66.91% and 23.37-47.28.1%, respectively. The effluent NH _ 4~ -NN _ N _ (TN) concentration reached the first A standard TP standard, and the content of many metal ions in the effluent was lower than that in the influent. About 93.15% of N elements in sewage were absorbed by spirulina and converted into components of its own cells. (5) the results of EEMU SEM and edX analysis showed that the main fouling of the influent membrane was the filter cake layer formed by organic compounds such as EOM. Inorganic precipitates containing Ca were attached to the surface of the membrane, and some of the pore sizes of the membrane were blocked. The optimum membrane pore size is 0.45 渭 m when the algae solution is filtered, the membrane cleaning method is to oscillate the contaminated membrane by ultrasonic for 0.50 h, then soak and clean the membrane with pH 2 hydrochloric acid and 200 mg / L NaClO solution for 2 h, and the pure water flux is recovered to 94.29% of the original pure water flux after cleaning. (6) In the process of cultivation of spirulina by sewage, Compared with PBR, MPBR has higher energy consumption and higher cost, but MPBR can significantly increase algae density and sewage load, and the operation conditions of the reactor are more flexible and stable. The experimental results showed that the density of Spirulina in MPBR was about 2 times of that of PBR, the yield of Spirulina was increased from 0.42g/d to 0.69 g / d HRT, and the water intake was 11 times higher than that of PBR. The N load of influent increased from 7.70 mg/d-8.05 mg/d to 122.28 mg / d-137.96 mg / d, and the amount of N P removed from 0.44mg/d-0.50 mg/d to 7.57 mg / d was 14-15 times and 9-11 times of that of 0.44mg/d-0.50 mg/d, respectively. The kinetic analysis showed that MPBR was effective in the culture of Spirulina platensis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：X703

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