本文選題：稻田 + 浮游藻類��； 參考：《湖南科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：為了解稻田浮游藻類群落的多樣性,以常規(guī)水稻和轉(zhuǎn)Bt水稻“華恢1號(hào)”為試驗(yàn)材料,連續(xù)3年在湖南湘潭試驗(yàn)基地進(jìn)行大田試驗(yàn),對(duì)常規(guī)稻田浮游藻類群落多樣性和轉(zhuǎn)Bt水稻華恢1號(hào)稻田浮游藻類群落多樣性進(jìn)行分析,并對(duì)比常規(guī)稻稻田生境和轉(zhuǎn)Bt水稻稻田生境浮游藻類群落的多樣性,主要結(jié)果如下:1、常規(guī)水稻稻田浮游藻類群落主要由硅藻門、綠藻門、藍(lán)藻門、裸藻門、甲藻門和隱藻門等組成。2012年共采集到浮游藻類6門69屬149種,其中藍(lán)藻門8屬19種、綠藻門32屬59種、硅藻門22屬55種、裸藻門4屬11種、甲藻門2屬3種、隱藻門1屬2種;2013年共采集到浮游藻類5門69屬159種,其中藍(lán)藻門12屬24種、綠藻門29屬66種、硅藻門22屬55種、裸藻門4屬12種、甲藻門2屬2種;2014年共采集到浮游藻類6門70屬154種,其中藍(lán)藻門11屬18種、綠藻門29屬65種、硅藻門21屬54種、裸藻門4屬12種、甲藻門3屬3種、隱藻門2屬2種。浮游藻類的物種組成結(jié)構(gòu)三年內(nèi)整體上無(wú)明顯變化,且稻田浮游藻類的豐富度保持較高水平,個(gè)體數(shù)量303.1~502.7,多樣性指數(shù)3.98~4.40,均勻性指數(shù)0.833~0.905,優(yōu)勢(shì)集中性指數(shù)0.0178~0.0249,稻田水體為貧營(yíng)養(yǎng)型,清潔水體,浮游藻類群落穩(wěn)定性高。2、轉(zhuǎn)Bt水稻稻田浮游藻類主要由綠藻門、硅藻門、藍(lán)藻門、裸藻門、甲藻門、隱藻門和金藻門等組成。2012年共采集到浮游藻類7門68屬147種,其中藍(lán)藻門8屬15種、綠藻門29屬56種、硅藻門23屬61種、裸藻門4屬10種、甲藻門1屬2種、隱藻門2屬2種、金藻門1屬1種;2013全年采集到浮游藻類6門67屬156種,其中藍(lán)藻門10屬16種、綠藻門31屬69種、硅藻門20屬56種、裸藻門4屬12種、甲藻門1屬2種、隱藻門1屬1種;2014全年采集到浮游藻類7門72屬156種,其中藍(lán)藻門11屬17種、綠藻門30屬66種、硅藻門22屬56種、裸藻門4屬12種、甲藻門3屬3種、隱藻門1屬1種、金藻門1屬1種。三年內(nèi)浮游藻類的物種組成整體上無(wú)明顯變化,且稻田浮游藻類的豐富度保持較高水平,個(gè)體數(shù)量301.1~488.5,多樣性指數(shù)4.16~4.46,均勻性指數(shù)0.831~0.904,優(yōu)勢(shì)集中性指數(shù)0.0171~0.0238,稻田水體為貧營(yíng)養(yǎng)型,清潔水體,群落穩(wěn)定性高。3、兩類生境浮游藻類群落相似度和優(yōu)勢(shì)種亞群落相似度較高。2012全年在常規(guī)稻生境采集到浮游藻類6門69屬149種,在Bt稻生境采集到浮游藻類7門68屬147種,兩生境共有的浮游藻類142種,兩生境共有的優(yōu)勢(shì)種17種,兩類稻田浮游藻類的物種組成相似度為0.9595,優(yōu)勢(shì)種相似度為0.5862;2013全年在常規(guī)稻生境采集到浮游藻類6門69屬159種,在Bt稻生境采集到浮游藻類6門67屬156種,兩生境共有的浮游藻類146種,兩生境共有的優(yōu)勢(shì)種為17種,兩類稻田浮游藻類的物種組成相似度為0.9270,兩生境優(yōu)勢(shì)種相似度為0.5231;2014全年在常規(guī)稻生境采集到浮游藻類7門70屬154種,在Bt稻生境采集到浮游藻類7門72屬156種,兩生境共有的浮游藻類152種,兩生境共有的優(yōu)勢(shì)種為18種,兩類稻田浮游藻類的物種組成相似度為0.9806,兩生境優(yōu)勢(shì)種相似度為0.6923。兩類稻田的物種豐富度、個(gè)體數(shù)量、Shannon-Winner多樣性指數(shù)、均勻性指數(shù)、與Simpson優(yōu)勢(shì)集中性指數(shù)等群落特征參數(shù)均無(wú)顯著差異,且隨時(shí)間的動(dòng)態(tài)變化趨勢(shì)也基本一致,Bt稻生境與常規(guī)稻生境浮游藻類的群落多樣性未見顯著差異。
[Abstract]:In order to understand the diversity of the planktonic algae community in the paddy field, a field test was conducted for 3 years in Hunan Xiangtan test base, in which conventional rice and Bt rice "Hua Hui 1" were tested for 3 years. The diversity of the planktonic algae community in the conventional paddy field and the diversity of the planktonic algae community in the paddy field No. 1 of the Bt rice Hua Hui 1 were analyzed and compared with the conventional rice fields. The diversity of planktonic algae community in habitats and Bt rice paddy fields, the main results are as follows: 1, the phytoplankton community in the conventional rice field is mainly composed of diatom gate, green algae gate, cyanobacteria gate, algae gate, alga gate and cryptoalgae gate, including 6 69 genera and 149 species of planktonic algae, including 19 species of cyanobacteria, 59 species of green algae gate, and diatom. There are 55 species of gate 22 genera, 11 species of naked algae, 2 genera 3 species, 2 species of cryptoalgae gate, 69 genera and 159 species of planktonic algae, including 69 genera, 69 genera and 69 genera of cyanobacteria. There are 65 species of gate 29 genera, 54 species of diatom gate, 12 species of open alga gate, 3 species of alga gate 3, 2 genus of cryptoalgae, 2 species. The species composition of planktonic algae has no obvious change in a year, and the abundance of planktonic algae in paddy field remains high, the number of individuals is 303.1~502.7, diversity index 3.98~4.40, homogeneity index 0.833~0.905, dominance concentration. Index 0.0178~0.0249, rice field water body is poor nutrition, clean water body, phytoplankton community stability high.2, to Bt rice field floating algae mainly from the green algae gate, diatom gate, cyanobacteria gate, alga gate, alga gate, cryptoalgae gate and golden algae gate, and so on, 68 genera, 15 species of cyanobacteria, 15 species of cyanobacteria, 29 genera of green algae gate, are collected. There are 61 species of diatom gate, 61 species of diatom gate, 10 species of naked algae, 2 species of 1 genera, 2 species of cryptoalgae gate, 2 species of cryptoalgae, 1 genera 1 of cyanobacteria and 1 genera 1. There are 156 species of gate 72 genera, of which there are 17 species of cyanobacteria, 66 species of green algae gate, 56 species of phytate 22 genera, 12 species of algae, 12 species, 3 species, 3 genera, phytas, phytas, phytas, phytas and algae, and the abundance of planktonic algae in the paddy field remains high, and the number of individuals is 301.1~488.5. The sex index 4.16~4.46, the evenness index 0.831~0.904, the dominant concentration index 0.0171~0.0238, the rice field water body is the poor nutrition, the clean water body, the community stability is high.3, the two kinds of habitat plankton community similarity and the dominant species subcommunity similarity are higher.2012 all year in the conventional rice habitats to collect 6 69 species of planktonic algae, in Bt rice habitats 68 genera and 147 species of planktonic algae were collected, 142 species of planktonic algae common in two habitats, 17 species in two habitats, 0.9595 in the species composition of planktonic algae in two rice fields, 0.5862 of the dominant species in 0.5862, 6 gates of phytoplankton in regular rice habitats were collected in two, and planktonic algae were collected in the habitat of Bt rice. There are 156 species, 146 species of planktonic algae common in two habitats, 17 dominant species in two habitats, 0.9270 in the two species of paddy field phytoplankton and 0.5231 in two habitats, and 2014 of 7 algae in the regular rice habitats in 2014. There were 152 species of planktonic algae in the habitat, 18 species of dominant species in two habitats, 0.9806 of the species composition of planktonic algae in the two rice fields. The similarity of the two habitat dominant species was the species richness of the 0.6923. two rice fields, the individual number, the Shannon-Winner diversity index, the average evenness index, and the concentration index of the Simpson dominance. There was no significant difference in the characteristic parameters, and the trend of dynamic variation with time was also basically the same. There was no significant difference in the community diversity between the Bt and the conventional rice habitats.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S511;X173

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