本文選題：滇池水功能區(qū)水質(zhì)目標(biāo) + 滇中引水工程�。� 參考：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：滇池是云南省最大的淡水湖泊,具有城市供水、工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)用水、防洪、調(diào)蓄、旅游、水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖等多種功能,是昆明生存、發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)條件,對(duì)滇池流域地區(qū)的氣候調(diào)節(jié)具有重要作用。迄今為止,已陸續(xù)投入了近500億元治理滇池,六大工程“環(huán)湖截污、外流域調(diào)水及節(jié)水、入湖河道整治、農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村面源治理、生態(tài)修復(fù)與建設(shè)、生態(tài)清淤”已全面實(shí)施,滇池水質(zhì)逐漸好轉(zhuǎn)。特別是2013年實(shí)施了牛欄江—滇池生態(tài)補(bǔ)水工程,對(duì)滇池外海進(jìn)行水體置換修復(fù),外海水質(zhì)明顯變好,改善速率加快,逐步從劣V類水質(zhì)向V類過渡。但鑒于牛欄江補(bǔ)水量有限,入湖口有限,水體置換修復(fù)受到制約,外海整體水質(zhì)改善效果不佳。目前,滇池治理已進(jìn)入攻堅(jiān)階段,為了加快滇池治理,達(dá)到滇池水功能區(qū)水質(zhì)目標(biāo)(Ⅲ類),全面推進(jìn)滇池治理精準(zhǔn)、高效、攻堅(jiān)措施�；谀壳暗岢刂卫頎顩r,外流域調(diào)水對(duì)滇池水體進(jìn)行置換修復(fù),是治理滇池最直接、最有效方法。在“十三五”期間,云南省將實(shí)施滇中引水工程,來緩解滇中地區(qū)用水矛盾,計(jì)劃向滇池生態(tài)補(bǔ)水3.59億立方米,與牛欄江—滇池補(bǔ)水工程互為補(bǔ)充,實(shí)現(xiàn)滇池水環(huán)境的極大改善。在2016年云南省明確將滇池草海水環(huán)境綜合整治工作作為滇池治理工作的重中之重和攻堅(jiān)克難的突破口,滇池草海水質(zhì)長(zhǎng)期處于劣V類,治理已經(jīng)迫在眉睫。為了改善滇池草海的水質(zhì),加快水生態(tài)環(huán)境轉(zhuǎn)變,結(jié)合即將來臨的滇中引水戰(zhàn)略,本文通過對(duì)分水口,引水量方案的優(yōu)化調(diào)整,探究滇中引水過程對(duì)草海水質(zhì)最佳的置換修復(fù)效果,實(shí)現(xiàn)草海治理精準(zhǔn)置換、精準(zhǔn)修復(fù),為今后草海水環(huán)境治理工作提供技術(shù)支撐和決策支持。本文的主要研究成果有:(1)針對(duì)滇中引水工程,設(shè)計(jì)大觀河為分水口,西園隧道為出水口,對(duì)滇池草海水質(zhì)置換效果比較好。(2)滇中引水工程對(duì)滇池草海水體置換后,在無外源污染物進(jìn)入草海的理想狀態(tài)下,從大觀河單口引水8.5m3/s,湖體中CODcr、TN、TP指標(biāo)達(dá)到Ⅲ類水質(zhì)指標(biāo)。(3)從大觀河引水,主要通過擴(kuò)散稀釋作用對(duì)草海西南區(qū)域部分(王家堆渠下面)水體進(jìn)行置換修復(fù),置換速率相對(duì)較慢,置換難度較大,因此在滇中引水工程實(shí)施前加大對(duì)該區(qū)域的治理,或者根據(jù)水體置換效果可以考慮再增加一條王家堆渠分水口。(4)利用Mike21模型對(duì)草海生態(tài)補(bǔ)水工程效果進(jìn)行模擬,較好的反映了污染物在湖泊中的擴(kuò)散規(guī)律,模擬效果良好,說明二維水動(dòng)力水質(zhì)耦合模型在淺水湖泊的應(yīng)用是合理可行的。
[Abstract]:Dianchi Lake is the largest freshwater lake in Yunnan Province. It has many functions such as urban water supply, industrial and agricultural production water, flood control, storage, tourism, aquaculture and so on. It is the basic condition for the survival and development of Kunming. It plays an important role in climate regulation in Dianchi basin. So far, nearly 50 billion yuan has been invested in the treatment of Dianchi Lake. Six major projects, such as "around the lake to intercept pollution, to transfer water and save water in the outer watershed, to renovate the river course into the lake, to harness agricultural rural non-point sources, to restore and build the ecological environment and to clear the silt of the lake," have been fully implemented. The water quality of Dianchi Lake improved gradually. Especially in 2013, Niulanjiang-Dianchi Lake ecological water supply project was carried out. The water quality was improved obviously and the rate of improvement was quickened, and the water quality was gradually changed from inferior V water quality to V type water quality in the offshore waters of Dianchi Lake. But in view of the limited amount of water supply in Niulanjiang River and the limited amount of water in the mouth of the lake, the water body replacement and restoration are restricted, and the improvement of the overall water quality in the open sea is not good. At present, Dianchi Lake treatment has entered a critical stage, in order to speed up the Dianchi Lake treatment, to achieve the water quality objectives of Dianchi Lake water function area (class 鈪，

本文編號(hào)：2030004