本文選題：駱馬湖 + 大型底棲動(dòng)物　； 參考：《湖泊科學(xué)》2017年05期

【摘要】：2014年1-12月,對(duì)蘇北駱馬湖水質(zhì)和大型底棲動(dòng)物進(jìn)行了逐月調(diào)查.根據(jù)湖區(qū)的生境特征將駱馬湖劃分為3個(gè)區(qū)域:采砂區(qū)域、植被區(qū)域和其他區(qū)域.對(duì)比分析不同區(qū)域水質(zhì)參數(shù)和底棲動(dòng)物群落結(jié)構(gòu),并利用《地表水環(huán)境質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》(GB 3838-2002)、綜合營(yíng)養(yǎng)狀態(tài)指數(shù)和生物學(xué)指數(shù)對(duì)水質(zhì)進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià).結(jié)果表明,采砂區(qū)域的水深顯著高于植被區(qū)域,而透明度顯著低于另外兩個(gè)區(qū)域;采砂區(qū)域的總氮、總磷、硝態(tài)氮和正磷酸鹽濃度均顯著高于植被區(qū)域,生物多樣性顯著低于另外兩個(gè)區(qū)域.駱馬湖內(nèi)共采集到大型底棲動(dòng)物41種,其中環(huán)節(jié)動(dòng)物8種,軟體動(dòng)物15種,節(jié)肢動(dòng)物18種.銅銹環(huán)棱螺(Bellamya aeruginosa)、蘇氏尾鰓蚓(Branchiura sowerbyi)、霍甫水絲蚓(Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri)、長(zhǎng)角涵螺(Alocinma longicornis)是現(xiàn)階段的優(yōu)勢(shì)種.10個(gè)監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)底棲動(dòng)物的年均密度和年均生物量分別為77.19±43.59 ind./m~2和37.62±28.31 g/m~2,呈現(xiàn)出較高的空間異質(zhì)性.生物量較密度空間差異更大,生物量在湖泊四周的監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)較高,而在湖心開闊水域較低.水質(zhì)評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果表明駱馬湖水質(zhì)處于中營(yíng)養(yǎng)狀態(tài),總體屬于中度污染,作為南水北調(diào)東線工程重要的調(diào)蓄湖泊以及飲用水源地和水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖基地,加強(qiáng)水環(huán)境保護(hù)不容懈怠.
[Abstract]:A monthly survey of water quality and macrobenthos in Luoma Lake, Northern Jiangsu Province was conducted from January to December 2014. According to the habitat characteristics of the lake area, Luoma Lake is divided into three regions: sand mining area, vegetation area and other regions. The water quality parameters and benthos community structure in different regions were compared and analyzed, and the water quality was evaluated by using the Surface Water Environmental quality Standard (GB3838-2002) and the comprehensive nutritional status index and biological index. The results showed that the water depth of sand mining area was significantly higher than that of vegetation area, and the transparency of sand mining area was significantly lower than that of the other two areas, and the concentrations of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, nitrate nitrogen and orthophosphate in sand mining area were significantly higher than those in vegetation area. Biodiversity was significantly lower than in the other two regions. A total of 41 species of macrobenthos were collected in Luoma Lake, including 8 species of annelids, 15 species of mollusks and 18 species of arthropods. Bellamya aeruginosaer, Branchiura sowerbyii, Limnodrilus hoffmeisteriae and Alocinma longicornis are the dominant species at present. The average annual density and biomass of benthos at 10 monitoring sites are 77.19 鹵43.59 ind./m~2 and 37.62 鹵28.31 g / m ~ 2, respectively, showing high spatial heterogeneity. The biomass is larger than the density spatial difference, the biomass is higher around the lake, but lower in the open water in the center of the lake. The results of water quality evaluation show that the water quality of Luoma Lake is in a medium nutritional state, which is generally moderately polluted. As an important regulating lake, drinking water source and aquaculture base of South-to-North Water transfer Project, the water environment protection should not be neglected.
【作者單位】： 中國(guó)科學(xué)院南京地理與湖泊研究所湖泊與環(huán)境國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;中國(guó)科學(xué)院大學(xué);江蘇省駱運(yùn)水利工程管理處;
【基金】：江蘇省水利科技項(xiàng)目(2015043) 國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(41671110,31670466) 科技基礎(chǔ)性工作專項(xiàng)(2013FY111800)聯(lián)合資助
【分類號(hào)】：Q958.8;X824

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