本文選題：汞 + 淋溶��； 參考：《中國環(huán)境科學(xué)》2017年09期

【摘要】：采集全國22種典型土壤,通過室內(nèi)土柱試驗(yàn),探討雨水(p H 5.6)作用下污染土壤Hg(外源添加2mg/kg)的淋溶和釋放特征,并對影響土壤Hg淋溶特性的因子進(jìn)行分析.結(jié)果表明,22種土壤Hg的釋放過程大致分為3類,第1類包括黑土?黑鈣土?草氈土?水稻土?暗棕壤?福州黃壤?黃泥土?栗鈣土,這8種土壤在整個(gè)淋溶過程中淋出液Hg濃度極低,未超過地下水III級標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(1μg/L).第2類包括廣西紅壤?貴州黃壤?棕壤?灰鈣土?黃綿土等5種土壤,淋溶前期(2~3L)Hg含量較低,到淋溶中期含量顯著上升,隨后出現(xiàn)下降,到淋溶末期(5~6L)淋溶液Hg含量降低到III級標(biāo)準(zhǔn)以下.第3類土壤包括磚紅壤?黃棕壤?紫色土?褐土?赤紅壤?潮土?鹽堿土?江西紅壤?棕漠土等9種土壤,淋溶過程呈現(xiàn)2個(gè)階段,當(dāng)淋溶體積在4L之內(nèi),淋出液中Hg濃度較高,且變化比較劇烈,對環(huán)境及地下水威脅較大,超出4L后,Hg釋放速率明顯變緩,濃度降低到III級標(biāo)準(zhǔn)以下.模擬降雨條件下22種土壤Hg的釋放率為0.33%~5.95%,最高的是貴州黃壤,最低是吉林黑土,平均為1.55%.逐步回歸分析的結(jié)果表明,土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)(OM)?p H及土壤汞含量(THg)對降雨作用下土壤Hg累計(jì)釋放量(q)有重要作用,三者累計(jì)的決定系數(shù)為0.5865,回歸方程為lnq=1.8+0.62ln THg-0.109p H-0.918ln OM
[Abstract]:22 typical soils in China were collected. The leaching and release characteristics of Hg (2 mg / kg) in polluted soil under the action of Rain Water pH5.6 were studied, and the factors affecting the leaching characteristics of soil Hg were analyzed. The results show that the release process of Hg from 22 soils can be divided into three categories, the first type includes black soil? Calcareous soil? Grass felts? Paddy soil? Dark brown earth? Fuzhou yellow soil? Yellow clay? In chestnut soil, the concentration of Hg in leaching solution of these eight soils is very low during the whole leaching process, and does not exceed 1 渭 g / L ~ 1 渭 g / L ~ (-1) of groundwater grade III standard. Type 2 includes red soil in Guangxi? Guizhou yellow soil? Brown soil? Ash? The content of Hg in 5 kinds of soils, such as yellow spongy soil, was lower in the early stage of leaching, increased significantly in the middle stage of leaching, then decreased, and then decreased to the level of grade III in the late stage of leaching. The third type of soil includes latosol? Yellow brown earth? Purple soil? Cinnamon? Red earth? Wet soil? Saline soil? Red soil in Jiangxi? The leaching process of 9 kinds of soils, such as brown desert soil, showed two stages. When the leaching volume was within 4L, the concentration of Hg in leaching solution was higher, and the change was more intense, which threatened the environment and groundwater greatly, and the release rate of Hg decreased obviously when the leaching volume exceeded 4L. The concentration is reduced below the level III standard. Under simulated rainfall, the release rate of Hg in 22 soils was 0.33 and 5.95, the highest in Guizhou yellow soil and the lowest in Jilin black soil with an average of 1.55. The results of stepwise regression analysis showed that the soil organic matter (OMG) and soil mercury content (THG) played an important role in soil Hg release under rainfall. The cumulative determinant coefficient of the three factors was 0.5865, and the regression equation was lnq=1.8 0.62ln THg-0.109pH-0.918lnOM.
【作者單位】： 農(nóng)業(yè)部農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)與資源保護(hù)總站;農(nóng)業(yè)部環(huán)境保護(hù)科研監(jiān)測所;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(41203084,41371463) 國家水體污染控制與治理科技重大專項(xiàng)(2015zx07103-007) 國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃(2016YFD0201306)
【分類號】：X53

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