本文選題：城市水體 + 富營養(yǎng)化　； 參考：《華僑大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著城市建設的飛速發(fā)展,城市水體富營養(yǎng)化問題日益嚴重。水體中的氮磷濃度決定了水體富營養(yǎng)化程度,因此,在外源氮磷得到有效控制前提下,原位控制底泥的氮磷釋放量是控制城市水體富營養(yǎng)化的有效措施。因此,本文通過室內模擬試驗研究沉水植物與活性覆蓋材料聯(lián)合控制底泥氮磷釋放可行性、效果和作用機理。主要開展了如下研究。(1)試驗研究了4種常見沉水植物(苦草、黑藻、金魚藻和狐尾藻)削減富營養(yǎng)化水體氮磷效果。試驗歷時7d,與對照相比,苦草、黑藻、金魚藻和狐尾藻系統(tǒng)對NH4+-N最大削減率分別為87.2%,90.9%,90.1%和-11%;對PO43--P最大削減率分別為76%,83.4%,79.8%和68.4%�？梢�,苦草、黑藻和金魚藻都能有效削減富營養(yǎng)化水體中的氮磷,狐尾藻對氮削減效果不明顯;由于金魚藻在試驗期間長勢較弱甚至有腐爛的現(xiàn)象,因此,選取苦草和黑藻作為后續(xù)試驗的沉水植物。(2)試驗研究了苦草和黑藻控制底泥氮磷釋放效果。試驗歷時27d,與對照相比,苦草和黑藻系統(tǒng)對間隙水中NH4+-N削減率分別是0.2%和21.7%,對PO43--P削減率分別是79.5%和84.8%;對底泥中總氮削減率分別是17.7%和19.2%,對底泥中總磷削減率分別是-18%和5%;苦草和黑藻對水環(huán)境中氮的富集量分別為29.38mg/g和34.19mg/g;對水環(huán)境中磷的富集量分別為7.58mg/g和9.13 mg/g,可見,沉水植物對水環(huán)境中的營養(yǎng)鹽較好地削減作用。由于黑藻的削減氮磷效果優(yōu)于苦草,且苦草后期出現(xiàn)腐爛的現(xiàn)象,因此,選取黑藻作為后續(xù)試驗的沉水植物。(3)試驗研究了沉水植物(黑藻)和活性覆蓋材料(凈水廠污泥)聯(lián)合控制底泥氮磷釋放可行性和效果。試驗歷時60d,與對照相比,黑藻與凈水廠污泥聯(lián)合系統(tǒng)對間隙水中PO43--P和TP削減率分別為66.8%和59.8%,對底泥中銨態(tài)氮和總氮削減率分別為46%和40.0%,對底泥TP削減率分別為7.9%,能將底泥中無機磷從不穩(wěn)定的形態(tài)(Fe/Al-P)轉化為較穩(wěn)定的形態(tài)(Ca-P),黑藻和凈水廠污泥對水環(huán)境中磷的富集量分別為7.13mg/g和0.76 mg/g。黑藻和凈水廠污泥聯(lián)合系統(tǒng)不僅有效削減底泥氮磷釋放,而且能有效抑制底泥再懸浮�？梢�,沉水植物與活性覆蓋材料聯(lián)合控制底泥氮磷釋放有一定的可行性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of urban construction, eutrophication of urban water is becoming more and more serious. The concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in water determines the eutrophication degree of water body. Therefore, under the premise of effective control of exogenous nitrogen and phosphorus, it is an effective measure to control eutrophication of urban water body by in-situ controlling the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus released from sediment. Therefore, the feasibility, effect and mechanism of controlling nitrogen and phosphorus release from sediment by submerged plants and active mulching materials were studied in this paper. In this paper, the effects of four common submerged plants (Acanthophora rubrum, black algae, goldfish and foxtail algae) on the reduction of nitrogen and phosphorus in eutrophic water were studied. Compared with the control, the maximum reduction rates of NH _ 4-N in the system of Hydophyllum chinensis, Black algae, Haematophyta and Alternaria vulgaris were 87.2% and 90.9% and 90.1% and -11%, respectively, and the maximum reduction rates of PO43- P were 76.8% and 68.4%, respectively, compared with those of the control system, and the maximum reduction rates of NH4-N were 90.9% and -11%, respectively, for PO43- P, the maximum reduction rates were 76.8% and 68.4%, respectively. It can be seen that the nitrogen and phosphorus in eutrophication water can be reduced effectively by bitter grass, black algae and goldfish algae, but the effect on nitrogen reduction is not obvious. Because of the weak growth and even decay of goldfish algae during the experiment, there is no obvious effect on nitrogen and phosphorus reduction in eutrophication water. The effect of controlling nitrogen and phosphorus release from sediment was studied by the submerged plant. The trial lasted 27 days, compared with the control. The reduction rates of NH4-N and PO43 P were 0.2% and 21.7% respectively, 79.5% and 84.8% for PO43 P, 17.7% and 19.2% for total nitrogen and -18% and 5% for total phosphorus in sediment, respectively, and 79.5% and 84.8% for PO43 P, respectively. The nitrogen enrichment amounts in water environment were 29.38mg/g and 34.19 mg / g, respectively, and the phosphorus enrichment amounts in water environment were 7.58mg/g and 9.13 mg / g, respectively. Submerged plants play a better role in reducing nutrients in water environment. Because the effect of reducing nitrogen and phosphorus by black algae is better than that of bitter grass, and the rotting phenomenon occurs in the late stage of bitter grass, therefore, The feasibility and effect of submerged plant (black algae) and active mulching material (sludge of water purification plant) in controlling nitrogen and phosphorus release from sediment were studied. The experiment lasted 60 days, compared with the control. The reduction rates of PO43 P and TP were 66.8% and 59.8% in interstitial water, 46% and 40.0% for ammonium nitrogen and 40.0% for total nitrogen in sediment, and 7.9% for TP, respectively. The fixed form of Fe / Al-P was transformed into a stable form of Ca-Pu, and the enrichment of phosphorus in water environment by black algae and sludge of water purification plant was 7.13mg/g and 0.76 mg / g, respectively. The combined system of black algae and sludge in water purification plant can not only effectively reduce nitrogen and phosphorus release from sediment, but also effectively inhibit sediment resuspension. Therefore, it is feasible for submerged plants and active mulching materials to control the release of nitrogen and phosphorus from sediment.
【學位授予單位】：華僑大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X52

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相關期刊論文 前10條

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本文編號：1980231