發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-02 21:50

  本文選題：環(huán)境不平等 + 基尼系數(shù)��； 參考：《青島大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：改革開放以來,中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)高速發(fā)展,但是中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展很大程度上以污染環(huán)境為代價(jià)。隨著近幾年可持續(xù)發(fā)展概念的提出,人們逐漸意識(shí)到保護(hù)環(huán)境的重要性,但是對(duì)于不同地區(qū)以及不同省份之間的不平等,不管是政策層面還是學(xué)術(shù)層面,都沒得到足夠的重視。在此背景下,本文從中國(guó)實(shí)際出發(fā),對(duì)我國(guó)環(huán)境不平等問題進(jìn)行測(cè)度,并且通過分解得出影響我國(guó)環(huán)境不平等的主要因素,為我國(guó)的環(huán)境污染排放調(diào)控提供理論依據(jù)和政策支持。本文首先對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外關(guān)于環(huán)境不平等的研究發(fā)展?fàn)顩r進(jìn)行闡述介紹。在前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上,本文首先對(duì)中國(guó)總體環(huán)境污染狀況進(jìn)行陳述,引入相關(guān)不平等測(cè)算指數(shù),如基尼系數(shù)、K指數(shù)、泰爾指數(shù)等主要三類不平等測(cè)算指數(shù)對(duì)中國(guó)不同地區(qū)的環(huán)境不平等狀況進(jìn)行測(cè)算。然后利用回歸分解法對(duì)環(huán)境不平等的影響因素進(jìn)行分解,得出影響環(huán)境不平等的主要因素。最后針對(duì)影響環(huán)境不平等的因素,提出相關(guān)結(jié)論建議。本文的結(jié)論主要有以下幾點(diǎn):首先在從污染物排放的不平等程度來說,地區(qū)間工業(yè)固體廢棄物排放不平等程度最高,工業(yè)廢氣次之,工業(yè)廢水最低。從變化趨勢(shì)來看,從2000年到2014年,地區(qū)間工業(yè)廢水排放與工業(yè)廢氣排放不平等呈現(xiàn)U型過程,而工業(yè)固體廢棄物排放不平等則為N型。第二,通過對(duì)省際環(huán)境不平等的分析,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)在三類主要污染物的排放中,北京、天津、上海等省份污染物排放量占比要低于其GRP占比,而山西、河北等省份污染物排放占比則要高于其GRP占比,顯示出了各省份之間環(huán)境的不平等。第三,在各地區(qū)環(huán)境不平等的分析中,東部地區(qū)的各省市受經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平和工業(yè)化進(jìn)程的影響,工業(yè)污染排放差異最為明顯。最后,通過夏普利值分解,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)在影響環(huán)境不平等的因素中,產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)起主要作用,對(duì)外依存度與外商投資水平影響較小。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's economy has developed rapidly, but to a large extent, the development of China's economy is at the expense of polluting the environment. With the development of the concept of sustainable development in recent years, people have gradually realized the importance of protecting the environment, but the inequality between different regions and provinces has not been paid enough attention to, whether at the policy level or the academic level. Under this background, this paper measures the problem of environmental inequality in China from the point of view of the reality of China, and obtains the main factors that affect the environmental inequality of our country by decomposing. It provides theoretical basis and policy support for the regulation and control of environmental pollution emissions in China. This paper first introduces the research and development of environmental inequality at home and abroad. On the basis of previous studies, this paper first describes the overall environmental pollution situation in China, and introduces the related inequality measurement index, such as the Gini coefficient K index. The main three types of inequality measurement indices, such as the Thiel Index, measure the environmental inequality in different regions of China. Then the factors affecting environmental inequality are decomposed by regression decomposition method, and the main factors affecting environmental inequality are obtained. Finally, some conclusions and suggestions are put forward in view of the factors affecting environmental inequality. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: firstly, in terms of the inequality of pollutant discharge, the inequality of industrial solid waste discharge among regions is the highest, the industrial waste gas is the second, and the industrial wastewater is the lowest. From 2000 to 2014, the inequality of industrial wastewater discharge and industrial waste gas emission is U-type process, while the industrial solid waste discharge inequality is N-type. Second, through the analysis of the environmental inequality between provinces, we find that among the three major pollutants discharged, Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai and other provinces account for less than their GRP share, while Shanxi, The proportion of pollutant emission in Hebei and other provinces is higher than that in GRP, which shows the environmental inequality among provinces. Thirdly, in the analysis of the environmental inequality in different regions, the differences of industrial pollution emissions are most obvious among the provinces and cities in the eastern region affected by the level of economic development and the process of industrialization. Finally, through the decomposition of Sharpley value, we find that the industrial structure plays a major role in influencing the environmental inequality, and the degree of dependence on foreign countries and the level of foreign investment have little influence.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X321

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本文編號(hào)：1970326