本文選題：沉積物 + 磷水解技術(shù)　； 參考：《環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)》2017年12期

【摘要】：有機(jī)磷是沉積物磷的重要組成部分,有機(jī)磷經(jīng)酶水解后可以提供活性磷.研究沉積物有機(jī)磷的生物有效性及其變化規(guī)律對(duì)于深入了解湖泊富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化形成機(jī)制具有重要意義.本研究選取富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化的海岸瀉湖—榮成天鵝湖濕地為研究對(duì)象,通過(guò)采集表層沉積物,結(jié)合酶水解技術(shù)分析了有機(jī)磷的生物有效性及其時(shí)空變化規(guī)律.結(jié)果表明,天鵝湖沉積物有機(jī)磷含量為107.9~161.9 mg·kg~(-1),平均含量為125.3 mg·kg~(-1).其中潛在生物有效性磷即酶水解有機(jī)磷含量為21.8~100.3 mg·kg~(-1),平均含量為53.2 mg·kg~(-1),占有機(jī)磷含量的26%~56%.有機(jī)磷的潛在的生物有效性大小遵循:植酸磷(21.5 mg·kg~(-1))≈二酯磷(20.7 mg·kg~(-1))磷酸單酯磷(14.1 mg·kg~(-1)).酶水解有機(jī)磷(包括Monoester-P、Phytic-P)的含量呈夏秋低,冬春高的特點(diǎn).有機(jī)磷空間分布不均衡,有機(jī)磷主要分布集北部入河口和南部藻類(lèi)區(qū)域,這和不同方位污染物質(zhì)的來(lái)源、水生動(dòng)植物的分布和沉積物粒度等差異有關(guān).相關(guān)性分析表明,金屬氧化物(Al、Fe、Mg、Ca)是有機(jī)磷的主要結(jié)合介質(zhì),金屬氧化物含量和形態(tài)變化將決定有機(jī)磷分解礦化和生物有效性.總之,有機(jī)磷的水解是水體活性磷的重要補(bǔ)償途徑,也是維持天鵝湖富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化的重要機(jī)制.在水體磷污染治理過(guò)程中應(yīng)把有機(jī)磷納入評(píng)價(jià)范疇,應(yīng)該防止沉積物有機(jī)磷的礦化分解.
[Abstract]:Organophosphorus is an important component of phosphorus in sediment. Organic phosphorus can provide active phosphorus after enzymatic hydrolysis. It is important to study the bioavailability of organic phosphorus in sediments and its variation law for understanding the formation mechanism of eutrophication in lakes. In this study, the eutrophic coastal lagoon-Rongcheng Swan Wetland was selected as the research object. The bioavailability of organophosphorus and its temporal and spatial variation were analyzed by collecting surface sediments and enzymatic hydrolysis. The results showed that the content of organic phosphorus in the sediment of Swan Lake was 107.9 ~ 161.9 mg / kg ~ (-1) ~ (-1) and the average content was 125.3 mg / kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1). The potential bioavailability of phosphorus, I. e., enzymatic hydrolysis of organic phosphorus, was 21.8 ~ 100.3 mg 路kg ~ (-1) ~ (-1), with an average of 53.2 mg 路kg ~ (-1) ~ (-1), accounting for 26% of the organic phosphorus content. The potential bioavailability of organophosphorus was as follows: phosphorus phytate 21.5 mg 路kg ~ (-1) ~ (-1) = 20.7 mg 路kg ~ (-1) P ~ (-1) ~ (14. 1 mg 路kg ~ (-1) P ~ (2 +) = 14.1 mg 路kg ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1). The content of organophosphorus hydrolyzed by enzyme (including Monoester-Pu Phytic-P) was low in summer and autumn and high in winter and spring. The spatial distribution of organophosphorus was uneven, and the distribution of organic phosphorus mainly concentrated in the northern estuary and the southern algal region, which was related to the sources of pollutants in different locations, the distribution of aquatic plants and animals, and the grain size of sediment. The correlation analysis shows that the metal oxide AlFeFeMg-Ca) is the main binding medium of organophosphorus, and the content and form of metal oxide will determine the decomposition and mineralization of organophosphorus and the bioavailability of organophosphorus. In a word, organic phosphorus hydrolysis is an important compensation way for active phosphorus in water and an important mechanism to maintain eutrophication in Swan Lake. In the process of phosphorus pollution control, organic phosphorus should be included in the evaluation scope, and the mineralization and decomposition of organic phosphorus in sediments should be prevented.
【作者單位】： 中國(guó)科學(xué)院煙臺(tái)海岸帶研究所;中國(guó)科學(xué)院大學(xué);銅仁職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院;煙臺(tái)大學(xué);
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金(No.41573120,41273130)~~
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：X524

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