本文選題：新型有機(jī)污染物 + 電化學(xué)免疫傳感器��； 參考：《江蘇大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：新型有機(jī)污染物是人工合成或天然存在的物質(zhì),它們尚未在環(huán)境中被有效檢出,但具有潛在的進(jìn)入環(huán)境并引起已知或可疑的生態(tài)毒理效應(yīng)和健康效應(yīng)的可能性。包括抗生素,個人護(hù)理產(chǎn)品,表面活性劑,人造甜味劑,農(nóng)藥和各種工業(yè)添加劑等。這些有機(jī)污染物廣泛存在于環(huán)境中,但缺乏完整的生態(tài)毒理學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)。針對該類污染物一般采用色譜分析方法,該方法準(zhǔn)確性好、靈敏度高。但樣品前處理復(fù)雜、所用儀器較為昂貴、且不能實(shí)現(xiàn)快速分析。與之相反,生物分析方法儀器簡單,操作簡便,無需復(fù)雜的樣品處理,且樣品用量少并能實(shí)現(xiàn)快速分析。本論文選擇鄰苯二甲酸二丁酯(Dibutyl phthalate,DBP)與四溴雙酚A雙(2-羥乙基)醚(Tetrabromobisphenol-A bis(2-hydroxyetyl)ether,TBBPA-DHEE)這兩種新型有機(jī)污染物,分別構(gòu)建了靈敏、簡單、可靠的分析方法,并成功應(yīng)用于實(shí)際環(huán)境樣品的分析。具體內(nèi)容如下:(1)針對DBP,采用間接競爭方式,建立了一種交流阻抗電化學(xué)免疫傳感器。本研究分別以MWCNTs@GONRs納米復(fù)合材料及DBP抗原、抗體修飾GCE,并以NADH促進(jìn)AuNP的催化沉淀,使電極阻抗層層增大,從而達(dá)到信號放大的效果,成功構(gòu)建了一種電化學(xué)免疫傳感器并應(yīng)用于實(shí)際水體環(huán)境中DBP的檢測。研究結(jié)果表明,在最優(yōu)實(shí)驗(yàn)條件下,當(dāng)DBP濃度在5~500 ng mL-1濃度范圍內(nèi),ECL信號強(qiáng)度與DBP濃度的對數(shù)呈良好的線性關(guān)系,3倍噪聲時其檢測限(LOD)為7.0 ng mL-1。與傳統(tǒng)ELISA方法(LOD,70.0 ng mL-1)相比具有更高的靈敏度。該電化學(xué)免疫傳感器耐受性良好,被成功應(yīng)用于實(shí)際環(huán)境中DBP的分析。(2)目前缺乏對四溴雙酚A(Tetrabromobisphenol-A,TBBPA)衍生物TBBPA-DHEE的快速檢測方法,多為復(fù)雜的儀器檢測,而此種化合物被認(rèn)為是目前毒性最強(qiáng)的衍生物。因此,建立一種簡單、靈敏、可靠的分析方法,對其在環(huán)境中的污染特征進(jìn)行調(diào)查,繼而評估其生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)非常必要�；诖�,本研究合成了一種新的半抗原,制備了可同時識別TBBPA-DHEE和TBBPA MHEE(TBBPA副產(chǎn)物)的多克隆抗體,并以此建立了高靈敏的酶聯(lián)免疫分析方法(ELISA)。該方法的檢測限可達(dá)0.7018 ng m L-1,有較好的準(zhǔn)確度(回收率,83-133%)。以所建方法,對環(huán)境水體中的此種污染物進(jìn)行了分析,并首次發(fā)現(xiàn)了環(huán)境水體中TBBPA-DHEE的存在。(3)針對TBBPA-DHEE,使用上述多克隆抗體,建立了一種高靈敏化學(xué)發(fā)光免疫分析方法(Chemical luminescence immunoassay assay,CLEIA)。該方法的檢測限為0.8010 ng mL-1,IC50值為8.9985 ng mL-1。以所建方法,對環(huán)境水體中的此種污染物進(jìn)行了分析。并與建立的ELISA進(jìn)行了對比,結(jié)果基本相符。本研究為后續(xù)針對TBBPA-DHEE進(jìn)行化學(xué)發(fā)光研究提供了參考數(shù)據(jù)。
[Abstract]:New organic pollutants are synthetic or natural substances that have not yet been effectively detected in the environment, but have the potential to enter the environment and cause known or suspicious ecotoxicological and health effects. Including antibiotics, personal care products, surfactants, artificial sweeteners, pesticides and various industrial additives. These organic pollutants are widespread in the environment, but lack complete ecotoxicological data. The chromatographic analysis method is generally used for this kind of pollutants. This method has good accuracy and high sensitivity. But the sample pretreatment is complicated, the instrument used is more expensive, and can not achieve rapid analysis. On the contrary, the biological analysis method is simple, easy to operate, without complex sample processing, and can be quickly analyzed with less sample consumption. In this paper, two new organic pollutants, dibutyl phthalate DBP (dibutyl phthalate DBP) and Tetrabromobisphenol-A (2-hydroxyetyldimethylethyl) ether (Tetrabromobisphenol-A bisol), TBBPA-DHEE), were selected. A sensitive, simple and reliable analytical method was constructed and successfully applied to the analysis of environmental samples. The main contents are as follows: (1) an AC impedance electrochemical immunosensor is established for DBP by indirect competition. In this study, MWCNTs@GONRs nanocomposites and DBP antigens and antibodies were used to modify GCEs, and NADH was used to promote the catalytic precipitation of AuNP, which increased the electrode impedance layer by layer, thus achieving the effect of signal amplification. An electrochemical immunosensor was successfully constructed and applied to the detection of DBP in real water environment. The results showed that under the optimal experimental conditions, the detection limit was 7.0 ng mL ~ (-1) when the signal intensity of DBP was 3 times as much as the logarithm of DBP concentration in the range of 5 ~ 500ng mL-1. Compared with the conventional ELISA method, it has a higher sensitivity than that of the traditional ELISA method (70.0 ng ml -1). The electrochemical immunosensor has good tolerance and has been successfully applied to the analysis of DBP in practical environment. At present, it lacks a rapid method for the detection of tetrabromobisphenol A (Tetrabromo bisphenol A) derivative TBBPA-DHEE, most of which are complex instrument detection. This compound is considered to be the most toxic derivative at present. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a simple, sensitive and reliable analytical method to investigate its pollution characteristics in the environment and then evaluate its ecological risk. Based on this, a new hapten was synthesized and polyclonal antibodies which could recognize both TBBPA-DHEE and TBBPA MHEE(TBBPA by-products were prepared, and a highly sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa) was established. The detection limit of this method is up to 0.7018 ng mL ~ (-1), and the method has good accuracy (recovery rate is 83-133). Based on the established method, this pollutant in environmental water was analyzed, and the existence of TBBPA-DHEE in environmental water was found for the first time. Aiming at TBBPA-DHEE, a highly sensitive chemiluminescence immunoassay method was developed for chemical luminescence immunoassay assayay CLEIAA (CLEIAA) based on the above polyclonal antibodies. The detection limit of this method was 0.8010 ng mL -1 and IC50 was 8.9985 ng ml -1. Based on the established method, this pollutant in environmental water was analyzed. The results are in good agreement with the established ELISA. This study provides reference data for chemiluminescence studies on TBBPA-DHEE.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X830

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