本文選題：成都地鐵2號(hào)線 + 高架橋　； 參考：《西南交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,隨著城市規(guī)模的擴(kuò)大,城市軌道交通蓬勃發(fā)展,以其高速快捷、運(yùn)輸量大、舒適安全、空間利用率高、環(huán)境污染低等優(yōu)勢(shì)成為人們?nèi)粘３鲂凶钪匾慕煌ǚ绞街�。城市軌道交通在帶給人們便利的同時(shí),引發(fā)的噪聲振動(dòng)問題給沿線人們的工作和生活帶來的影響也越來越大。高架線在城市軌道交通線路中所占的比例很大,因而其周圍的噪聲影響也日益引起人們的關(guān)注。本文采用理論分析、軟件預(yù)測(cè)和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)測(cè)相結(jié)合的方法研究成都地鐵2號(hào)線高架橋段環(huán)境噪聲。在深入學(xué)習(xí)分析國(guó)內(nèi)外鐵路及城市軌道交通噪聲資料的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)地鐵2號(hào)線高架段環(huán)境噪聲進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)測(cè),驗(yàn)證了噪聲預(yù)測(cè)軟件Cadna/A的適用性,分析了測(cè)試截面環(huán)境噪聲的傳播規(guī)律,探討了高架線路附近環(huán)境噪聲和結(jié)構(gòu)噪聲的特性。本文的主要結(jié)論如下:1.根據(jù)實(shí)測(cè)噪聲信號(hào)數(shù)據(jù)計(jì)算出各測(cè)點(diǎn)的等效連續(xù)A聲級(jí),擬合出成都地鐵2號(hào)線高架段環(huán)境噪聲的水平方向上輻射衰減公式,可用于相似情形的環(huán)境噪聲模擬。2.用Cadna/A軟件對(duì)實(shí)測(cè)場(chǎng)景的環(huán)境噪聲進(jìn)行模擬,并在成都地鐵2號(hào)線高架段進(jìn)行環(huán)境噪聲現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)測(cè),將預(yù)測(cè)與實(shí)測(cè)結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析。結(jié)果表明:在軌面以下距近軌中心線20 m的范圍內(nèi),軟件預(yù)測(cè)效果較差,適用性不強(qiáng);20 m以外的預(yù)測(cè)值較準(zhǔn)確,軟件在該范圍的預(yù)測(cè)結(jié)果具有可靠性。3.在列車通過時(shí)段內(nèi),各測(cè)點(diǎn)環(huán)境噪聲和結(jié)構(gòu)噪聲的聲壓幅值變化規(guī)律一致:垂直方向上,距近軌中心線7.5 m處的測(cè)點(diǎn)噪聲聲壓幅值隨垂直高度的降低呈衰減趨勢(shì);水平方向上,測(cè)點(diǎn)噪聲聲壓幅值隨測(cè)點(diǎn)水平距離的增加而降低。4.列車通過時(shí)測(cè)點(diǎn)環(huán)境噪聲主要頻率范圍都在1000 Hz以下,且最優(yōu)頻率分布集中;各測(cè)點(diǎn)環(huán)境噪聲聲壓級(jí)均在800 Hz處達(dá)到最大值。結(jié)構(gòu)噪聲主要頻率范圍為50～120 Hz,最優(yōu)頻率分布集中;各測(cè)點(diǎn)結(jié)構(gòu)噪聲聲壓級(jí)在80 Hz或100 Hz處達(dá)到最大值。5.高架橋梁體影響了列車聲源的輻射,在橋梁附近對(duì)噪聲的傳播規(guī)律有較大影響。由于梁體對(duì)直達(dá)聲源的遮蔽作用及橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)自身的二次結(jié)構(gòu)噪聲使得梁體附近的噪聲分布情況較為復(fù)雜,而在距橋體較遠(yuǎn)處,環(huán)境噪聲受梁體的干擾較小。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the expansion of urban scale, urban rail transit is booming. With its high speed, large volume of transport, comfortable and safe, high utilization of space, low environmental pollution and other advantages, urban rail transit has become one of the most important means of transportation. At the same time, the noise and vibration caused by urban rail transit bring more and more influence to the work and life of people along the route. The viaduct accounts for a large proportion of urban rail transit lines, so the influence of noise around it is attracting more and more attention. In this paper, the environmental noise of the viaduct section of Chengdu Metro Line 2 is studied by combining theoretical analysis, software prediction and field measurement. On the basis of deeply studying and analyzing the noise data of railway and urban rail transit at home and abroad, the environmental noise of the elevated section of Metro Line 2 is measured on the spot, and the applicability of the noise prediction software Cadna/A is verified. The propagation law of environmental noise in test section is analyzed, and the characteristics of environmental noise and structural noise near elevated lines are discussed. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: 1: 1. According to the measured noise signal data, the equivalent continuous A sound level of each measuring point is calculated, and the radiation attenuation formula in horizontal direction of the environmental noise in the elevated section of Chengdu Metro Line 2 is fitted, which can be used to simulate the environmental noise in similar cases. The environmental noise of the measured scene is simulated by Cadna/A software, and the environmental noise is measured in the elevated section of Chengdu Metro Line 2. The prediction results are compared with the measured results. The results show that in the range of 20 m below the orbit surface, the prediction results of the software are poor, and the prediction values beyond 20 m are more accurate. The prediction results of the software in this range are reliable. 3. During the passing period of the train, the sound pressure amplitude of ambient noise and structural noise at each measuring point is the same: in the vertical direction, the sound pressure amplitude of the measuring point at 7.5 m near the central line of the rail decreases with the decrease of the vertical height; in the horizontal direction, the sound pressure amplitude of the measuring point decreases with the decrease of the vertical height. The amplitude of noise sound pressure decreases with the increase of horizontal distance. The main frequency range of ambient noise is below 1000 Hz, and the optimal frequency distribution is concentrated, and the sound pressure level of ambient noise at each measuring point reaches the maximum at 800Hz. The main frequency range of structural noise is 50 ~ 120 Hz, the optimal frequency distribution is concentrated, and the sound pressure level of structural noise at 80 Hz or 100 Hz reaches the maximum value of .5. Viaduct beam affects the radiation of train sound source, and has great influence on the propagation of noise near the bridge. Because of the shielding effect of beam body to direct sound source and the secondary structure noise of bridge structure, the distribution of noise near beam body is more complicated, but in the distance from bridge body, the environmental noise is less disturbed by beam body.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X839.1;TB53

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