發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-27 00:00

  本文選題：火山渣 + 浮石�。� 參考：《蘭州理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本研究以天然火山巖材料火山渣和浮石為研究對(duì)象,討論了粒徑、吸附時(shí)間、投加量、溶液p H、溶液初始濃度對(duì)火山渣和浮石去除地下水中Cu(Ⅱ)的性能影響。還提出了火山渣的最佳改性方法和條件,探討了鐵改性火山渣除Cu(Ⅱ)的最佳工藝條件,然后通過動(dòng)態(tài)柱實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)兩種可滲透反應(yīng)墻(Permeable Reactive Barrier,PRB)填充介質(zhì)修復(fù)Cu(Ⅱ)污染地下水的可行性進(jìn)行評(píng)估,并探索出兩種火山巖的再生方法和最佳的再生條件。本研究得出的主要結(jié)論如下:(1)火山渣和浮石的最佳靜態(tài)除Cu(Ⅱ)工藝條件:在初始濃度為20mg/L時(shí),選擇火山巖的粒徑為0.15~0.425mm(4~100目),固液比為8g/L,p H為6,反應(yīng)時(shí)間為2h、震蕩速度為200r/min時(shí),火山渣和浮石對(duì)Cu(Ⅱ)有最佳的去除效果�；鹕皆透∈瘜�(duì)Cu(Ⅱ)的吸附更符合Langmuir等溫吸附規(guī)律,火山渣和浮石吸附Cu(Ⅱ)的動(dòng)力學(xué)過程均符合準(zhǔn)二級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型。(2)浮石對(duì)Cu(Ⅱ)的吸附效果優(yōu)于火山渣,為了更好地滿足應(yīng)用要求,有必要對(duì)火山渣加以改性。經(jīng)FeCl_3浸泡改性后的火山渣可以顯著提高對(duì)水體中Cu(Ⅱ)的去除效果。最終選用2mol/L的FeCl_3作為火山渣改性劑,最佳固液比和改性時(shí)間分別為30:1和12h。靜態(tài)吸附實(shí)驗(yàn)確定的鐵改性火山渣除Cu(Ⅱ)的最佳工藝條件與浮石相同,相對(duì)于Freundlich模型,改性火山渣對(duì)Cu(Ⅱ)的吸附等溫線更符合Langmuir等溫吸附模型,表明鐵改性火山渣對(duì)Cu(Ⅱ)的吸附以單分子層吸附為主,最大吸附量為2.524mg/g。改性火山渣對(duì)Cu(Ⅱ)的吸附符合準(zhǔn)二級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,說明鐵改性火山渣的吸附是以化學(xué)吸附為主。通過物相與表面形貌分析發(fā)現(xiàn),改性后的火山渣表面鐵氧化物的量顯著增加,且含有更多的微孔和更大的表面積,可以提高火山渣對(duì)Cu(Ⅱ)的吸附性能。(3)不同流速的動(dòng)態(tài)柱實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,流速較低時(shí)(0.3m L/min),浮石PRB對(duì)不同初始濃度Cu(Ⅱ)的去除率均在96%以上。改性火山渣PRB對(duì)Cu(Ⅱ)能實(shí)現(xiàn)92%以上的去除率。而當(dāng)流速為0.5m L/min和1.0m L/min時(shí),各反應(yīng)柱隨著處理時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng),去除率呈明顯下降趨勢(shì)。浮石PRB和鐵改性火山渣PRB對(duì)初始濃度為10mg/L含Cu(Ⅱ)廢水去除效果最好,出水均達(dá)到《地下水質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》III類標(biāo)準(zhǔn)限值。(4)不同初始Cu(Ⅱ)濃度條件下的動(dòng)態(tài)PRB柱實(shí)驗(yàn)表明,浮石動(dòng)態(tài)反應(yīng)柱在不同濃度梯度下對(duì)Cu(Ⅱ)的去除效果要優(yōu)于鐵改性火山渣。與鐵改性火山渣PRB相比,浮石PRB更能適應(yīng)高流速(1.0m L/min)條件下對(duì)地下水中Cu(Ⅱ)的去除。(5)火山巖PRB在整個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)過程中運(yùn)行效果良好,反應(yīng)裝置運(yùn)行54d后,去除率仍能維持在85%左右,出水仍能滿足《地下水質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》III類水質(zhì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求�？梢詫⒏∈丸F改性火山渣作為新型PRB反應(yīng)介質(zhì)應(yīng)用于地下水原位除Cu(Ⅱ)的實(shí)踐項(xiàng)目中。(6)鹽酸浸泡再生效果要優(yōu)于高溫活化再生,最佳再生條件:鹽酸濃度為0.3mol/L,再生時(shí)間為60min。經(jīng)過5個(gè)周期的連續(xù)吸附/再生過程,改性火山渣和浮石對(duì)Cu(Ⅱ)的去除率仍可達(dá)到80%以上,充分說明再生的兩種火山巖仍具有良好的除Cu(Ⅱ)能力。
[Abstract]:In this study, the effects of particle size, adsorption time, dosage, solution P H, solution initial concentration on the removal of Cu (II) in groundwater by volcanic slag and pumice were discussed. The optimum methods and conditions for the modification of the slag were also discussed. The best work of the iron modified volcano slag in addition to Cu (II) was discussed. The feasibility of two kinds of permeable reaction walls (Permeable Reactive Barrier, PRB) filled medium to repair the polluted groundwater of Cu (II) was evaluated by the dynamic column experiment, and the regeneration methods and optimal regeneration conditions of the two kinds of volcanic rocks were explored. The main conclusions of this study were as follows: (1) the best static of the crater and pumice. Cu (II) process conditions: when the initial concentration is 20mg/L, the particle size of the volcanic rock is 0.15~0.425mm (4~100 mesh), the solid to liquid ratio is 8g/L, the P H is 6, the reaction time is 2h, the shock velocity is 200r/min, the slag and the pumice have the best removal effect to Cu (II). The adsorption of volcanic slag and pumice to Cu (II) is more consistent with the regularity of Langmuir isothermal adsorption. The kinetic process of adsorption of Cu (II) by volcanic slag and pumice all conforms to the quasi two stage kinetic model. (2) the adsorption effect of pumice on Cu (II) is better than that of volcanic slag. In order to better meet the application requirements, it is necessary to modify the volcanic slag. The removal of Cu (II) in water can be significantly improved by the modified slag after FeCl_3 soaking. 2mol/L FeCl_3 is used as the modifier for the slag. The optimum solid to liquid ratio and the modification time are 30:1 and 12h. static adsorption experiments. The best technological conditions of the iron modified volcano slag are the same as that of the pumice. Relative to the Freundlich model, the adsorption isotherm of the modified crater to Cu (II) is more consistent with the Langmuir isothermal adsorption model. The adsorption of iron modified volcano on Cu (II) is dominated by single molecular layer adsorption. The maximum adsorption capacity is 2.524mg/g. modified volcano slag adsorption to Cu (II) in accordance with the quasi two stage kinetic model. It shows that the adsorption of iron modified volcanoes is mainly by chemical adsorption. By the analysis of the surface morphology and surface morphology, the iron oxide on the surface of the modified volcano slag is found. The adsorption properties of Cu (II) can be improved by increasing the amount of micropores and larger surface area. (3) the experimental results of dynamic columns at different velocities show that the removal rate of Cu (II) with different initial concentrations is above 96% when the velocity is lower (0.3m L/min). The modified volcano slag PRB can achieve more than 92% of Cu (II). When the flow rate is 0.5m L/min and 1.0m L/min, the removal rate of each reaction column decreases with the prolongation of the treatment time. The removal efficiency of the floating stone PRB and the iron modified volcano slag PRB is the best for the initial concentration of 10mg/L containing Cu (II) wastewater, and the effluent reaches the standard >III standard limit of the standard of the underground water quality. (4) different initial Cu (II) concentration The dynamic PRB column experiment under the degree condition shows that the removal effect of the pumice dynamic reaction column to Cu (II) under different concentration gradient is better than that of the iron modified volcano. Compared with the iron modified volcano slag PRB, pumice PRB can adapt to the removal of Cu (II) in the groundwater under the condition of high velocity (1.0m L/min). (5) the volcanic PRB is running during the whole experiment process. The effect is good, after the reaction device runs 54d, the removal rate can still be maintained at about 85%, and the effluent can still meet the standard of >III water quality standard of the standard of groundwater quality. It can be used as a new PRB reaction medium in the practice project of the groundwater in situ removal of Cu (II). (6) the regenerative effect of hydrochloric acid is better than the high temperature live. The optimum regeneration conditions are as follows: the concentration of hydrochloric acid is 0.3mol/L and the regeneration time is 60min. through 5 cycles of continuous adsorption / regeneration. The removal rate of Cu (II) by modified crater and pumice can still reach more than 80%, which fully indicates that the two kinds of regenerated volcanic rocks still have good ability to remove Cu (II).
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X523

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