本文選題：黃粉蟲 + 浮萍　； 參考：《山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本論文以浮萍為主要原料,制備黃粉蟲人工飼料,建立浮萍-黃粉蟲生物鏈關(guān)系。通過研究黃粉蟲取食浮萍的各種最適生物學條件、幼蟲腸道細菌組成變化以及蟲體資源成分的變化,為利用黃粉蟲轉(zhuǎn)化處理浮萍提供科學依據(jù),開拓浮萍利用新途徑,探索富營養(yǎng)有機污水治理的生物系統(tǒng)技術(shù)。主要研究結(jié)果如下:1、黃粉蟲人工飼料的研究。人工飼料配方設(shè)計,通過比較不同比例的浮萍飼料對黃粉蟲幼蟲的影響,結(jié)果: 50%浮萍:50%麥麩‖飼喂的黃粉蟲幼蟲的飼料利用率、生物量增長率、飼料轉(zhuǎn)化率都高于其他處理組,幼蟲的死亡率最低,為最佳浮萍基人工飼料。2、不同含水量的人工飼料對黃粉蟲幼蟲的影響。通過比較不同含水量的浮萍飼料對黃粉蟲幼蟲的影響,可知當浮萍基人工飼料的含水量保持為18%時,幼蟲的生物量增長率、飼料利用率均最高,幼蟲死亡率最低,是浮萍基人工飼料的最佳濕度范圍。3、人工飼料條件下不同密度的黃粉蟲幼蟲生長情況比較。通過比較在不同蟲體密度下黃粉蟲取食浮萍飼料的情況,可知:當蟲體密度為0.56頭/cm3-1.12頭/cm3時,幼蟲的生物量增長率最高,保持在39.90%-39.73%范圍內(nèi)。伴隨群體密度的增加,幼蟲生物量增長率逐漸下降,當幼蟲密度為3.36頭/cm3時,幼蟲的生物量增長率降至4.25%。同時,幼蟲的飼料利用率也表現(xiàn)出和生物量增率大體相同的趨勢,所以,本試驗認為蟲體最佳密度為1.12頭/cm3。4、通過研究用浮萍代替豆餅作為黃粉蟲成蟲的飼料蛋白源,可知:相比于豆餅,用浮萍作為黃粉蟲成蟲的飼料蛋白源,可使黃粉蟲成蟲的平均壽命延長5d,單雌產(chǎn)卵量增加124粒,產(chǎn)卵天數(shù)延長約7d。5、通過比較取食浮萍飼料和純麥麩飼料的黃粉蟲幼蟲蟲體資源成分組成及含量可知:取食浮萍飼料的幼蟲蟲體中:蛋白質(zhì)含量為61.7%、粗脂肪含量9.7%、粗纖維含量為10.8%、含灰9.3%;取食純麥麩飼料的黃粉蟲幼蟲體中:蛋白質(zhì)占52.6%、粗脂肪占29.9%、粗纖維占4.6%、灰分占3.5%。此外,兩種飼料飼喂的幼蟲體內(nèi)的氨基酸種類都較為豐富,均有17種。必需氨基酸和非必需氨基酸的比值(EAA/NEAA),分別是浮萍組69.21%純麥麩組69.25%,都大于標準60%;必需氨基酸與總氨基酸的比值,分別是浮萍飼料組32.32%、純麥麩組40.90%,均在40%左右。6、黃粉蟲腸道細菌的研究。分別比較取食浮萍飼料和純麥麩飼料的黃粉蟲幼蟲腸道可培養(yǎng)細菌的種類和數(shù)量,可得知:以純麥麩為飼料的黃粉蟲幼蟲腸道菌群種類相對單一,優(yōu)勢菌為芽孢桿菌屬和短波單胞菌屬,而取食浮萍飼料的幼蟲腸道細菌種類有所增加,不僅包括芽孢桿菌屬、短波單胞屬,同時含有沙雷氏菌屬、金黃桿菌屬、埃希氏桿菌屬。為今后進一步研究黃粉蟲利用浮萍的內(nèi)在機制提供參考。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the artificial feed was prepared with duckweed as the main raw material, and the biological chain relationship between duckweed and powdery mildew was established. By studying the optimum biological conditions of feeding on duckweed, the changes of bacterial composition in larval intestine and the changes of resource composition of insect body, this paper provides scientific basis for the treatment of duckweed by transformation of powdery mildew, and opens up a new way for the utilization of duckweed. To explore the biological system technology for the treatment of eutrophic organic wastewater. The main results are as follows: 1. The effects of different proportion of duckweed feed on the larvae of powdery mildew were compared. The results showed that 50% duckweed and 50% wheat bran were used to increase the growth rate of biomass and the feed efficiency of the larvae fed with 50% wheat bran. The feed conversion rate was higher than that of other treatments, and the larval mortality was the lowest, which was the best artificial diet of duckweed. 2. The effect of artificial diet with different water content on the larvae of Molitor Molitor was studied. By comparing the effects of duckweed feed with different water content on the larvae of Mollusca chinensis, it was found that when the water content of the artificial feed of duckweed was maintained at 18, the larva biomass growth rate, feed utilization rate and larval mortality were the highest, and the larval mortality was the lowest. It is the best humidity range of duckweed artificial diet. By comparing feeding on duckweed under different body density, it can be seen that when the density is 0.56 / cm ~ (-3) -1.12 / cm ~ (3), the larval biomass growth rate is the highest, which is kept in the range of 39.90 ~ 39.73%. With the increase of population density, the growth rate of larval biomass decreased gradually. When the larval density was 3.36 / cm ~ 3, the growth rate of larval biomass decreased to 4.25%. At the same time, the feed utilization efficiency of larvae was similar to that of biomass growth. Therefore, the optimum density of larvae was 1.12 / cm ~ (3.4), and duckweed was used as feed protein source instead of bean cake. Compared with bean cake, using duckweed as the feed protein source of Molitor mollusca can prolong the average life span of the adult by 5 days and increase the number of eggs laid by single female by 124 eggs. The days of oviposition were prolonged by 7d.5.Through comparing the composition and content of the larval resources of P. mollis fed on duckweed feed and pure wheat bran feed, the results showed that the protein content and crude fat content of larvae fed on duckweed feed were 61.7 and 9.7, respectively. The content of crude fiber was 10.8 and ash was 9.3%. The contents of protein, crude fat, crude fiber, ash and ash were 52.6, 29.9, 4.6 and 3.5 respectively. In addition, there were 17 kinds of amino acids in larva fed with two kinds of feed. The ratio of essential amino acids to non-essential amino acids was 69.21% pure wheat bran in duckweed group and 69.25% in duckweed group, and the ratio of essential amino acids to total amino acids was 69.25%. They were duckweed feed group 32.32 and pure wheat bran group 40.90, all of which were about 40%. The species and quantity of culturable bacteria in the intestinal tract of the larvae fed on duckweed and pure wheat bran were compared, and it was found that the intestinal flora of the larvae fed on pure wheat bran was relatively single. The dominant bacteria were Bacillus and Brassomonas, while the species of intestinal bacteria feeding on duckweed feed were increased, including not only Bacillus, short wave, but also Shareh, Gold and Escherichia. It provides a reference for the further study of the internal mechanism of the utilization of duckweed.
【學位授予單位】：山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X703

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本文編號：1932686