本文選題：廢舊鉛酸蓄電池 + 水力分選　； 參考：《江西理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：鉛酸蓄電池化學(xué)性質(zhì)穩(wěn)定,儲(chǔ)電性能好,物美價(jià)廉,是電動(dòng)車、汽車上使用最廣泛的電池。由于鉛酸蓄電池具有一定的生命周期,形成廢舊鉛酸蓄電池,容易引發(fā)環(huán)境污染問題。另一方面,廢舊鉛蓄電池中大部分有價(jià)資源如鉛膏、板柵、塑料可以再生,具有非常高的回收利用價(jià)值。廢舊鉛蓄電池主要由陽極板、陰極板、電解液、隔板、電極、上蓋、槽體、匯流條等部分組成,外裹韌而脆的塑料,因而傳統(tǒng)的礦物加工破碎方法難于有效破碎。通過研究廢舊鉛蓄電池的抗壓、抗拉、抗彎和抗沖擊破碎力學(xué)特征分析,在沖擊能量很小的情況下,廢舊鉛蓄電池就表征出了很好的破碎效果。因而本論文采用濕式?jīng)_擊式破碎機(jī)對(duì)廢舊鉛蓄電池進(jìn)行破碎,影響因素主要涉及到破碎腔內(nèi)錘頭組數(shù)、破碎時(shí)間、進(jìn)水量,當(dāng)破碎時(shí)間為20s、給水量為250L/h、錘頭組數(shù)為2組情況下,廢舊鉛蓄電池得到充分破碎。破碎產(chǎn)物具有分形特征,塑料呈片狀、板柵呈條狀、鉛膏呈粒狀。篩分結(jié)果表明,鉛膏絕大部分分布于-2.2mm粒級(jí)中。對(duì)沖擊式破碎設(shè)備的破碎產(chǎn)物,采用研制的水介質(zhì)分選器回收鉛膏,效果明顯。利用Fluent軟件對(duì)分選器內(nèi)流場進(jìn)行模擬,確定了給水方式以及適宜分選的流量范圍。當(dāng)采用頂部加水時(shí),適宜分選的流量為12m3/h,有利于鉛膏的分離。實(shí)驗(yàn)室破碎-分選全流程結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)流量為12m3/h,進(jìn)水方式為頂部進(jìn)水條件下,最終鉛膏的產(chǎn)率為73.34%、回收率為97.97%。鉛膏產(chǎn)品中板柵和塑料占有率分別為0.22%和0.28%,實(shí)現(xiàn)了鉛膏的高效回收。
[Abstract]:Lead-acid batteries are the most widely used batteries in electric vehicles, due to their stable chemical properties, good storage performance and low price. Since lead acid batteries have a certain life cycle, it is easy to cause environmental pollution due to the formation of waste lead acid batteries. On the other hand, most valuable resources in waste lead batteries such as plaster, grid, plastic can be regenerated and have very high recycling value. The waste lead battery is mainly composed of anode plate, cathode plate, electrolyte, partition board, electrode, upper cover, tank body, confluence bar and so on. The waste lead battery is wrapped in tough and brittle plastic, so the traditional method of mineral processing and crushing is difficult to break effectively. By studying the mechanical characteristics of pressure, tension, bending and impact crushing of waste lead batteries, a good crushing effect is obtained when the impact energy is very small. In this paper, a wet impact crusher is used to crush used lead-acid batteries. The main influencing factors are the number of hammers in the chamber, the time of crushing and the water intake. When the crushing time is 20 s, the water supply is 250 L / h, the hammer group is 2 groups. The waste lead battery was fully broken. The broken product has fractal character, plastic is flake, grid is strip, lead paste is granular. The results of screening showed that the lead paste was mostly distributed in -2.2 mm particle size. For the crushing products of impact crushing equipment, using the developed water separator to recover lead paste, the effect is obvious. The flow field in the separator is simulated by Fluent software, and the water supply mode and the suitable separation flow range are determined. When the top water is added, the suitable separation flow rate is 12m3 / h, which is favorable to the separation of lead paste. The results show that when the flow rate is 12m3 / h, the final lead paste yield is 73.34 and the recovery is 97.97 when the flow rate is 12m3 / h and the influent mode is the top influent. The grid and plastic occupied 0.22% and 0.28%, respectively.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X705

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