發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-12 12:02

  本文選題：云南高原 + PM_(2.5)��； 參考：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國經(jīng)濟(jì)的飛速發(fā)展,城市化建設(shè)步伐的加速,以煤炭和石油為主的能源消耗量不斷攀升,導(dǎo)致大氣顆粒物污染現(xiàn)象頻發(fā),已成為全國各大中城市污染的首要問題,已經(jīng)危及到了人民的日常生活和身心健康。為了有效防治大氣顆粒物的污染,需要對(duì)其來源進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確判斷,而清晰認(rèn)識(shí)的源排放特征是關(guān)鍵一環(huán)。因此,本研究初步探討了云南高原典型固定燃燒源煙氣排放顆粒物組分特征,建立和完善了云南高原大氣顆粒物(PM10和PM2.5)本地化固定燃燒源成分譜,對(duì)高原地區(qū)大氣顆粒物來源解析和排放清單建立提供基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)。本文以云南高原玉溪市固定燃燒源為研究對(duì)象,使用二級(jí)稀釋通道采樣器采集工業(yè)鍋爐(以生物質(zhì)為燃料)、工業(yè)鍋爐(以煤炭為燃料)、焦?fàn)t、水泥窯爐、鋼鐵高爐和鋼鐵燒結(jié)機(jī)等重點(diǎn)燃燒源煙氣中大氣細(xì)顆粒物PM10和PM2.5樣品,分析39種無機(jī)元素、9種水溶性無機(jī)離子、碳組分和16種優(yōu)控的多環(huán)芳烴的含量;比較了不同源類不同粒徑顆粒上組分含量、成分譜組成、標(biāo)識(shí)組分、特征比值等之間的差異;本文的主要結(jié)論為:(1)焦?fàn)t排放的煙氣中PM2.5和PM10的質(zhì)量濃度最高,而水泥窯爐排放的煙氣中PM2.5和PM10的質(zhì)量濃度最低;焦?fàn)t排放的煙氣中PM2.5和PM10中PAHs的質(zhì)量濃度也最高;(2)SO_4~(2-)、OC、地殼元素、NO_3~-和微量元素等分別在燒結(jié)機(jī)、工業(yè)鍋爐(生物質(zhì))、水泥窯爐、工業(yè)鍋爐(煤炭)和鋼鐵(高爐)等固定燃燒源排放顆粒物的已知組分中占比最高,各固定燃燒源排放顆粒物中PAHs均4環(huán)為主;(3)除工業(yè)鍋爐(生物質(zhì))外,本研究篩選出Pry/BaP、BbF/BkF和BaA/BaP等來指示該地區(qū)固定燃煤源。另外,BkF可作為該地區(qū)工業(yè)鍋爐(生物質(zhì))的標(biāo)志物,Flu可作為工業(yè)鍋爐(煤炭)的標(biāo)志物;(4)分歧系數(shù)表明,不同類型不同粒徑的顆粒物無機(jī)組分或PAHs組分成分譜之間大部分可能相似,且燃燒類型的不同對(duì)固定燃燒源排放細(xì)顆粒物組分特征影響較大,燃料類型的不同對(duì)固定燃燒源排放PM2.5無機(jī)組分和PM10的PAHs組分特征影響更大。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's economy and the acceleration of urbanization construction, the energy consumption, mainly of coal and oil, is rising, which leads to the frequent pollution of atmospheric particulates, which has become the primary problem of pollution in large and medium-sized cities in China. Has endangered the people's daily life and physical and mental health. In order to effectively control the pollution of atmospheric particulates, it is necessary to accurately judge the source of particulate matter, and a clear understanding of the characteristics of source emissions is the key. Therefore, the characteristics of particulate composition from flue gas from typical fixed combustion sources in Yunnan Plateau were discussed, and the composition spectra of PM _ (10) and PM _ (2.5) were established and improved. To provide basic data for source analysis and emission inventory of atmospheric particulate matter in plateau area. In this paper, the fixed combustion source in Yuxi City, Yunnan Plateau is used as the research object. The industrial boiler (using biomass as fuel, industrial boiler (coal as fuel, coke oven, cement kiln) is collected by two-stage dilute channel sampler. The PM10 and PM2.5 samples of atmospheric fine particles in the flue gas of iron and steel blast furnace and iron and steel sintering machine were analyzed. The contents of 39 inorganic elements, 9 water-soluble inorganic ions, carbon components and 16 superior controlled polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analyzed. The differences of composition content, composition spectrum, marker component and characteristic ratio between different particle size particles of different homology were compared. The main conclusion of this paper is that the mass concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 in the flue gas from coke oven is the highest. The mass concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 in the flue gas from cement kiln is the lowest, and the mass concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 in the flue gas from coke oven is the highest. The mass concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 is also the highest. The crustal elements such as no _ 3- and trace elements are sintered in sintering machine, industrial boiler (biomass plant, cement kiln, etc.) Industrial boilers (coal) and iron and steel (blast furnaces) have the highest proportion of the known components of particles emitted from fixed combustion sources. The PAHs 4 rings of the particles emitted from each fixed combustion source are mainly 4 rings, except for industrial boilers (biomass). In this study, Pry / BaP- BbF / BkF and BaA/BaP were selected to indicate fixed coal sources in the region. In addition, BKF can be used as a marker of industrial boiler (biomass) in this area and Flu can be used as a marker of industrial boiler (coal). Most of the composition spectra of inorganic or PAHs components of particulate matter of different types and different diameters may be similar, and the different combustion types have a great influence on the characteristics of fine particulate matter components emitted from fixed combustion sources. Different fuel types have a greater effect on the characteristics of PM2.5 inorganic components and PAHs components of PM10 from stationary combustion sources.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X513

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