本文選題：蠕蟲(chóng)捕食 + 污泥減量��； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：蠕蟲(chóng)捕食污泥減量技術(shù)是利用能量在食物鏈傳遞過(guò)程中逐級(jí)遞減的原理實(shí)現(xiàn)污泥削減,具有能耗低、效率高和環(huán)境友好性強(qiáng)等特點(diǎn)。研究者將蠕蟲(chóng)捕食減量技術(shù)與污水處理系統(tǒng)相結(jié)合,實(shí)現(xiàn)污泥減量與污水處理的高效協(xié)同。本文將蠕蟲(chóng)床與高效污水處理效能的厭氧-缺氧-好氧-膜生物反應(yīng)器(A~2O-MBR)工藝相耦合,考察耦合工藝條件下污水處理效能、解析污泥減量機(jī)制及膜污染控制情況。A~2O-MBR-蠕蟲(chóng)床系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了高效的污水處理效果和污泥減量率,膜污染減緩。本文設(shè)計(jì)搭建了A~2O-MBR、A~2O-MBR-空白蠕蟲(chóng)床作為空白對(duì)照組,A~2O-MBR-蠕蟲(chóng)床耦合系統(tǒng)的污泥減量效果到達(dá)48.4%。通過(guò)對(duì)A~2O-MBR-蠕蟲(chóng)床耦合系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)化,實(shí)現(xiàn)污水處理系統(tǒng)的出水水質(zhì)的提高,總氮和總磷的去除去除效率達(dá)到77%和90%。TMP結(jié)果和膜污染阻力分析表明蠕蟲(chóng)床與A~2O-MBR系統(tǒng)的耦合可有效緩解膜污染進(jìn)程。此外,結(jié)合顯微鏡鏡檢分析發(fā)現(xiàn),A~2O-MBR-蠕蟲(chóng)床系統(tǒng)生物相種類上更為豐富,出現(xiàn)了線蟲(chóng)、寡毛蟲(chóng)等更高級(jí)的生物,說(shuō)明系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定更好。解析了A~2O-MBR-蠕蟲(chóng)床耦合系統(tǒng)蠕蟲(chóng)捕食、污泥衰減、能量解偶聯(lián)及微生物群落所引起的污泥減量機(jī)制。采用序批式實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行A~2O-MBR-蠕蟲(chóng)床耦合系統(tǒng)污泥減量機(jī)制的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),微厭氧的空白蠕蟲(chóng)床的污泥減量為886 mg/d,而蠕蟲(chóng)的投加可減少1584 mg/d活性污泥產(chǎn)量。系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行過(guò)程中,存在著污泥自然衰減解體的現(xiàn)象,A~2O-MBR-空白蠕蟲(chóng)床系統(tǒng)和A~2O-MBR-蠕蟲(chóng)床系統(tǒng)與A~2O-MBR系統(tǒng)相比的污泥減量率分別為8.43%和13.23%。通過(guò)序批式實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)A~2O-MBR-蠕蟲(chóng)床系統(tǒng)的耦合有助于強(qiáng)化能量解偶聯(lián)現(xiàn)象,從而減小污泥產(chǎn)量。此外,微生物菌群群落結(jié)構(gòu)分析表明A~2O-MBR-蠕蟲(chóng)床耦合系統(tǒng)內(nèi)存在較多的慢性生長(zhǎng)菌和捕食性菌種,有利于系統(tǒng)的污泥減量。探究了A~2O-MBR-蠕蟲(chóng)床耦合系統(tǒng)膜污染控制機(jī)制。蠕蟲(chóng)捕食后污泥的回流改變了系統(tǒng)好氧池的污泥性質(zhì)。污泥脫水性能得到提高,有利于污泥后續(xù)的處理處置。A~2O-MBR-蠕蟲(chóng)床系統(tǒng)擁有最高的電位絕對(duì)值,不利于污泥絮體在膜表面的沉積,污泥粒徑和污泥粘度的減小分別對(duì)膜污染進(jìn)程有加劇和緩解作用。利用16S rRNA高通量測(cè)序分析微生物群落對(duì)膜污染分析顯示,變形菌門(mén)(Proteobacteria)為優(yōu)勢(shì)類群,占總序列比重皆達(dá)到50%以上。屬水平上,同一個(gè)系統(tǒng)內(nèi)的泥餅層與污泥混合液相比,菌種的相對(duì)豐度都呈現(xiàn)減少趨勢(shì),但擁有共同的優(yōu)勢(shì)菌種Dechloromonas。將三組系統(tǒng)對(duì)比可知,A~2O-MBR-蠕蟲(chóng)床耦合系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)勢(shì)菌群顯著,種群相對(duì)豐度分布集中,說(shuō)明該系統(tǒng)對(duì)主要功能菌屬的豐度有明顯的強(qiáng)化作用。此外在A~2O-MBR系統(tǒng)泥餅層樣品中發(fā)現(xiàn)了豐度較多的聚糖菌(Defluviicoccus),其分泌的胞外聚合物會(huì)加劇膜污染進(jìn)程,而A~2O-MBR-蠕蟲(chóng)床系統(tǒng)含量較小。
[Abstract]:Worm predation sludge reduction technology is based on the principle of energy decreasing step by step in the course of food chain transmission, which has the characteristics of low energy consumption, high efficiency and strong environmental friendliness. The researchers combine worm predator reduction technology with sewage treatment system to achieve efficient collaboration between sludge reduction and sewage treatment. In this paper, the helminth bed is coupled with the anaerobic anoxic-aerobic membrane bioreactor (ANA2O-MBR) with high efficiency in sewage treatment, and the efficiency of wastewater treatment under the coupling conditions is investigated. Analysis of sludge reduction mechanism and membrane fouling control .An2O-MBR- worm bed system has achieved efficient sewage treatment and sludge reduction rate, and membrane fouling has been reduced. In this paper, the sludge reduction effect of A2O-MBR- blank worm bed as a blank control group has been designed and built, and the sludge reduction effect of A2O-MBR- worm bed coupling system has reached 48.4%. The effluent quality of sewage treatment system is improved by optimizing the coupling system of Agno _ 2O-MBR _ (-worm) bed. The removal efficiency of total nitrogen and phosphorus reached 77% and the results of 90%.TMP and membrane fouling resistance analysis showed that the coupling of worm bed and A~2O-MBR system could effectively alleviate the process of membrane fouling. In addition, combined with microscopic analysis, it was found that the biofacies of A2O-MBR- worm bed system were more abundant, and more advanced organisms such as nematodes and oligocaterpillars appeared, which indicated that the system was more stable. The mechanism of sludge reduction caused by worm predation, sludge attenuation, energy uncoupling and microbial community was analyzed. The sludge reduction mechanism of Agno 2O-MBR- worm bed coupling system was studied by sequencing batch experiment. It was found that the sludge reduction of microanaerobic blank worm bed was 886 mg / d, while the production of activated sludge of 1584 mg/d could be reduced by adding worm. During the operation of the system, there exists the phenomenon of natural sludge decay and disintegration. Compared with A~2O-MBR system, the sludge reduction rates of A2O2O-MBR-blank worm bed system and A2O-MBR- worm bed system are 8.43% and 13.23%, respectively. The results of sequencing batch experiments show that the coupling of A2O-MBR- worm bed system is helpful to enhance the energy uncoupling phenomenon and reduce sludge production. In addition, the analysis of microbial community structure showed that there were more chronic growth bacteria and predatory bacteria in the A2O-MBR- worm bed coupling system, which was beneficial to the sludge reduction of the system. The control mechanism of membrane fouling in Agno-MBR-worm bed coupling system is investigated. The reflux of worm feeding sludge changed the sludge properties of aerobic tank. The sludge dewatering performance is improved, which is beneficial to the sludge treatment and disposal. Aca2O-MBR- helminth bed system has the highest absolute potential, which is not conducive to sludge floc deposition on the membrane surface. The reduction of sludge particle size and sludge viscosity has aggravated and alleviated the membrane fouling process, respectively. Using 16s rRNA high-throughput sequencing analysis of microbial communities to analyze membrane fouling showed that Proteobacteria (Proteobacteria) was the dominant group, accounting for more than 50% of the total sequence. At the same level, the relative abundance of the mud cake layer in the same system decreased compared with the sludge mixture, but there was a common dominant bacteria species Dechloromonas. By comparing the three groups of systems, we can see that the dominant flora of A2O-MBR-worm bed coupling system is significant, and the distribution of population relative abundance is concentrated, which indicates that the system has obvious enhancement effect on the abundance of the main functional genera. In addition, in the samples of mud cake layer of the A~2O-MBR system, we found that there are more abundant bacteria, the extracellular polymers secreted by them will aggravate the process of membrane fouling, while the content of A2O-MBR- helminth bed system is small.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X703

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