本文選題：河道底泥 + 熒蒽��； 參考：《天津工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：多環(huán)芳烴(PAHs)作為"三致"污染物嚴(yán)重危害人類的健康,我國(guó)河道底泥中存在著嚴(yán)重的PAHs污染問(wèn)題,高分子量多環(huán)芳烴(H-PAHs)因其具有更強(qiáng)的毒性和難降解性,是河道底泥中PAHs污染治理的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)。本文選擇了H-PAHs中檢出頻率和豐度都很高的熒蒽作為H-PAHs的代表物,研究了植物-微生物聯(lián)合修復(fù)的方式對(duì)底泥中熒蒽污染的去除機(jī)理。首先在受熒蒽污染的底泥中種植常見(jiàn)的挺水植物菖蒲、蘆葦、茭白荀、千屈菜,監(jiān)測(cè)結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)菖蒲對(duì)熒蒽的去除效果最好,經(jīng)過(guò)90d的生長(zhǎng)期,菖蒲試驗(yàn)組熒蒽去除率達(dá)到55.36%。進(jìn)一步分析表明,菖蒲主要是靠植物降解作用去除熒蒽,因?yàn)檩牌延旋嫶蟮母?根系菌群密度更高,且經(jīng)過(guò)高通量分析后確定在種植菖蒲后底泥菌群結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生明顯改變,由原來(lái)的Bacillus、Hydro、Candida等優(yōu)勢(shì)菌群轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)镽hodococcus、Mycobacterium、Penicillium等優(yōu)勢(shì)菌群。通過(guò)對(duì)菖蒲根際菌群的篩選獲取兩株對(duì)熒蒽降解效率最高的菌株。根據(jù)形態(tài)學(xué)觀察和基因序列分析后確定兩株菌種分別為Rhodococcus aetherivorans strain IcdP1(簡(jiǎn)稱紅球菌 IcdP1)、Penicillium purpurogenum stain DTQ-HK1(簡(jiǎn)稱青霉素菌DTQ-HK1)。對(duì)培養(yǎng)條件進(jìn)行優(yōu)化確定熒蒽濃度為50mg/L,溫度為30℃C,pH為7時(shí)為兩菌株最適生長(zhǎng)條件,且Zn2+、Cu2+的存在會(huì)對(duì)兩種菌株產(chǎn)生抑制作用,其中Cu2+抑制作用強(qiáng)于Zn2+。為進(jìn)一步了解熒蒽降解菌對(duì)熒蒽的降解機(jī)制,試驗(yàn)選擇葡萄糖、麥芽糖、菖蒲根系分泌物、HA和蒽-菲混合物分別作為外加碳源,研究外加碳源對(duì)熒蒽降解的影響。試驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)C葡萄糖:C熒蒽=1:1時(shí)外加碳源對(duì)紅球菌IcdP1降解熒蒽的強(qiáng)化效果最明顯,當(dāng)C麥芽糖:C熒蒽=3:5時(shí)外加碳源對(duì)青霉素菌DTQ-HK1強(qiáng)化降解熒蒽的效果最好,且葡萄糖與麥芽糖強(qiáng)化降解機(jī)理主要是通過(guò)促進(jìn)熒蒽溶出及促進(jìn)菌株生長(zhǎng)實(shí)現(xiàn)的。雖然投加外加碳源前后菌株對(duì)熒蒽的降解過(guò)程均遵循一級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué),但降解速率明顯不同。在C葡萄糖:C熒蒽=1:1的投加比例下,經(jīng)過(guò)42d培養(yǎng),紅球菌IcdP1對(duì)熒蒽降解率達(dá)到76.30%,與未加碳源的降解率(37.46%)相比提高了38.84%;在C麥芽糖:C熒蒽=1:1的投加比例下,青霉素菌DTQ--K1對(duì)對(duì)蒽降解率達(dá)到81.75%,與未加碳源的降解率(52.22%)相比提高了 29.53%。通過(guò)對(duì)外加碳源投加方式的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),采用分段式投加方式較一次性投加方式能夠進(jìn)一步提高降解菌對(duì)熒蒽的降解效率。對(duì)熒蒽降解產(chǎn)物進(jìn)行GC-MS分析發(fā)現(xiàn),單獨(dú)以熒蒽作為唯一碳源時(shí)降解菌對(duì)熒蒽的分解并不徹底,產(chǎn)物多為含苯環(huán)、雜環(huán)或長(zhǎng)鏈化合物,投加外加碳源后熒蒽的降解更為徹底,尤其是青霉素菌DTQ-HK1在外加麥芽糖碳源后,降解熒蒽的產(chǎn)物多以短鏈小分子物質(zhì)為主。外加碳源和熒蒽降解菌強(qiáng)化植物-微生物聯(lián)合修復(fù)底泥中熒蒽的降解試驗(yàn)表明,在被熒蒽污染的河道底泥中栽種菖蒲,并在其根際投加青霉素菌DTQ-HK1和麥芽糖(青霉素菌DTQ-HK1菌懸液濃度為OD600=2,投加量為40mL;麥芽糖投加量C麥芽糖:C熒蒽=3:5),經(jīng)連續(xù)90d的生長(zhǎng)期,底泥中熒蒽的去除效果可以達(dá)到100%。
[Abstract]:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) seriously endangers human health as a "three" pollutant. There is a serious problem of PAHs pollution in the sediment of the river. High molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (H-PAHs) are the key and difficult points for the treatment of PAHs pollution in the sediment of the river channel because of their stronger toxicity and difficult degradation. The detection frequency and abundance in H-PAHs are selected in this paper. High fluoranthene as the representative of H-PAHs, the mechanism of the removal of fluoranthene in the sediment by the method of plant microorganism combined repair was studied. First, the common Acorus calamus, reed, Zizania Zizania and rhizome of Acorus Acorus were planted in the sediment polluted by fluoranthene. The results showed that the removal effect of Acorus calamus on fluoranthene was the best, and the growth of the Acorus Acorus was the growth of 90d. The fluorescence anthracene removal rate of Acorus Acorus test group reached 55.36%. further analysis showed that the Acorus calamus was mainly based on plant degradation to remove fluoranthene, because the Acorus calamus had a large root system, and the density of root flora was higher. After high throughput analysis, the structure of the bacteria group in the bottom mud of Acorus was obviously changed, from the original Bacillus, Hydro, Candida and so on. The dominant bacteria group changed into Rhodococcus, Mycobacterium, Penicillium and other dominant bacteria groups. Through the screening of the Chang Pugen flora, two strains with the highest efficiency of fluoranthene degradation were obtained. According to the morphological observation and gene sequence analysis, the two strains were identified as Rhodococcus aetherivorans strain IcdP1, respectively, Penici, Penici. Llium purpurogenum stain DTQ-HK1 (abbreviated penicillin DTQ-HK1). The culture conditions were optimized to determine that the concentration of fluoranthene was 50mg/L, the temperature was 30, C, and pH was 7, the optimum conditions for growth of the two strains, and Zn2+, the existence of Cu2+ would inhibit the two strains, and Cu2+ inhibition was stronger than Zn2+. for further understanding of fluoranthene degrading bacteria. The effect of glucose, maltose, root exudates of Acorus root, HA and anthracene phenanthrene mixture as additional carbon sources were selected to study the effect of external carbon source on the degradation of fluoranthene. It was found that when C glucose: C fluoranthene =1:1 was the most obvious enhancement effect on IcdP1 degradation of fluoranthene by IcdP1, when C maltose: C fluoranthene =3:5 The effect of carbon source on the degradation of fluoranthene by penicillin DTQ-HK1 was the best. The enhanced degradation mechanism of glucose and maltose was achieved by promoting the dissolution of fluoranthene and promoting the growth of strains. Although the degradation of fluoranthene was followed by first order kinetics before and after adding carbon source, the degradation rate was obviously different. In C grapes, the degradation rate of fluoranthene was obviously different. Sugar: C fluoranthene =1:1, after 42d culture, the degradation rate of fluoranthene by IcdP1 was 76.30% and 38.84% compared with the degradation rate of non carbon source (37.46%). In C maltose: C fluoranthene =1:1, the degradation rate of penicillin DTQ--K1 against anthracene was 81.75%, compared with the degradation rate of carbon source (52.22%) by 29. .53%. through the study of adding carbon source to the external carbon source, it is found that the degradation efficiency of fluoranthene can be further improved by the method of subsection addition. The analysis of fluoranthene degradation products by GC-MS analysis shows that the decomposition of fluoranthene is not thorough when fluoranthene is the sole carbon source, and most of the product is benzene containing benzene. After adding external carbon source, the degradation of fluoranthene was more thorough, especially when the penicillin DTQ-HK1 was added to the maltose carbon source, the products of the fluoranthene degradation were mainly short chain and small molecules. The external carbon source and fluoranthene degrading bacteria enhanced the degradation test of fluoranthene in the plant microorganism combined repair sediment. Acorus calamus was planted in the sediment of anthracene polluted river, and the penicillin DTQ-HK1 and maltose were added to its rhizosphere (OD600=2, 40mL, C maltose, C fluoranthene =3:5), and the removal of fluoranthene in the sediment could reach 100%. in the growth period of continuous 90d.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X522

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