本文選題：雙膜法 + 預(yù)處理��； 參考：《廣州大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：沿海地區(qū)由于地理位置限制,管道大部分鋪設(shè)于海岸附近,加之海產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展,污水廠進水中鹽分含量普遍較高,并存在顯著的季節(jié)性周期變化,由此導(dǎo)致污水廠再生水TDS和Cl~-含量超標(biāo),限制了其園林綠化等一系列用途。本論文開展了雙膜法處理沿海地區(qū)城市污水處理廠出水的中試實驗研究,期望通過這一深度處理方法使再生水能夠滿足南方地區(qū)園林綠化用水的相關(guān)要求,解決深圳某污水廠的再生水利用問題。通過監(jiān)測污水廠出水電導(dǎo)率,研究污水廠含鹽量的變化規(guī)律;比選了混凝、砂濾、活性炭過濾等預(yù)處理技術(shù),并優(yōu)化了各單元技術(shù)的運行工況;在綜合考慮進出水水質(zhì)、產(chǎn)水能力、膜抗污染性能等因素的情況下,研究了超濾/反滲透工藝對沿海地區(qū)污水廠二級出水的處理效果,并對運行條件進行了優(yōu)化;最后進行了膜選型以及一段系統(tǒng)與二段系統(tǒng)運行方式對比。預(yù)處理采用混凝與砂濾技術(shù)時,聚合氯化鋁(PAC)優(yōu)于聚合硫酸鐵(PFS),混凝劑的最佳投加量為12 mg/L,此時對COD_(cr)的去除率為31%,對濁度的去除率為80%。一般情況下,砂濾罐較優(yōu)的清洗周期為6h,當(dāng)進水水質(zhì)惡化時,可調(diào)整為3 h。為了抑制藻類的滋生和細菌對膜的污染,需投加次氯酸鈉藥劑。當(dāng)次氯酸鈉投加量小于2.4 mg/L時,活性炭能完全吸附游離余氯,當(dāng)投加量大于2.4 mg/L時,活性炭過濾罐出水含有游離余氯,長期運行時會造成膜材料的老化,由此確定Na Cl O的最佳投加量為2.4 mg/L�；钚蕴窟^濾器使用過程中對有機物去除性能不佳,并引起后續(xù)保安過濾器上附滿活性炭粉末,因此可不選用活性炭過濾器,采用NaHSO_3還原剩余余氯。超濾產(chǎn)水濁度維持在0.1NTU以下、穩(wěn)定性好。超濾出水SDI_(15)位于1.5左右,能滿足反滲透進水SDI_(15)≤5的相關(guān)要求。超濾對COD_(cr)最高去除率12%,對TP、NH_3-N、Cl~-、電導(dǎo)率等去除率接近0,超濾產(chǎn)水能保證出水符合反滲透進水水質(zhì)要求,當(dāng)原水氯化物含量低于500 mg/L時超濾產(chǎn)水可直接回用反滲透膜產(chǎn)水NH_3-N與TP低于0.1 mg/L,COD_(cr)含量低于10 mg/L,濁度低于0.1NTU,廠內(nèi)氯化物含量最高達到6000 mg/L左右,反滲透膜脫鹽率達到97%以上,產(chǎn)水氯化物小于等于180mg/L,低于再生水規(guī)定的250mg/L,因此反滲透膜產(chǎn)水能保證回用需求。A、B、C三種反滲透膜在0.8 MPa-1.0 MPa之間均表現(xiàn)為:水通量與脫鹽率隨進水壓力的升高而升高,相同進水壓力及回收率下單位膜面積的水通量B膜A膜C膜,脫鹽率A膜C膜B膜。A膜在1.0 MPa時水通量僅為0.16 m~3/h,脫鹽率為99.7%,B膜在0.8 MPa時水通量能達到0.28 m~3/h,脫鹽率為98%,C膜在1.0 MPa時水通量0.28m~3/h,脫鹽率為99.3%。三種膜均能保障脫鹽需求,相同通量下B膜需要進水壓力最小。一級二段反滲透膜運行模式較一級一段更加穩(wěn)定。反滲透采用Na OH清洗效果明顯。反滲透膜進行短期保存時可無相關(guān)保護措施,但長期保存必須添加NaHSO_3等還原劑保護。
[Abstract]:Due to the limitation of geographical location, most of the pipelines are laid near the coast. In addition to the development of seafood industry, the salt content in the influent of wastewater treatment plants is generally high, and there are significant seasonal periodic changes. As a result, the content of TDS and Cl- in the reclaimed water of the wastewater treatment plant exceeded the standard, which limited a series of uses such as garden greening and so on. In this paper, a pilot experiment was carried out to treat the effluent from municipal wastewater treatment plants in coastal areas by dual-membrane process. It is hoped that the reclaimed water can meet the requirements of landscape water in southern China by this advanced treatment method. To solve the problem of reclaimed water utilization in a wastewater treatment plant in Shenzhen. By monitoring the electrical conductivity of effluent from the wastewater treatment plant, the variation law of salt content in the wastewater treatment plant is studied. The pretreatment technologies such as coagulation, sand filtration and activated carbon filtration are compared, and the operating conditions of each unit technology are optimized, and the water quality of incoming and outgoing water is considered comprehensively. The treatment effect of ultrafiltration / reverse osmosis process on secondary effluent of sewage-treatment plant in coastal area was studied under the conditions of water production capacity and membrane anti-fouling performance, and the operation conditions were optimized. Finally, the membrane selection and the operation mode comparison between one stage system and two-stage system are carried out. When coagulation and sand filtration were used in pretreatment, the polyaluminium chloride (PAC) was superior to the polyferric sulfate (PFS). The optimum dosage of coagulant was 12 mg / L, and the removal rate of COD / C crr was 31% and the turbidity removal rate was 80%. In general, the optimal cleaning period of sand filter is 6 h, and when the water quality deteriorates, it can be adjusted to 3 h. In order to inhibit algae breeding and bacteria fouling the membrane, sodium hypochlorite should be added. When the dosage of sodium hypochlorite is less than 2.4 mg/L, activated carbon can completely adsorb free residual chlorine. When the dosage is more than 2.4 mg/L, the effluent of activated carbon filter tank contains free residual chlorine. The optimum dosage of NaCl O is 2.4 mg / L 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1). The removal performance of organic matter in the activated carbon filter is not good, and the follow-up security filter is filled with activated carbon powder. Therefore, the activated carbon filter can be used instead of the active carbon filter and the residual chlorine can be reduced by NaHSO_3. The turbidity of ultrafiltration water is kept below 0.1NTU and the stability is good. The SDI _ (15) of ultrafiltration water is about 1.5, which can meet the requirement of SDI _ (15) 鈮，

本文編號：1867910