本文選題：生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù) + InVEST模型��； 參考：《曲阜師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)功能是當(dāng)前生態(tài)系統(tǒng)評估的研究熱點(diǎn),對人類生存發(fā)展及生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的保護(hù)著至關(guān)重要的作用,生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)的好壞直接影響著社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。GIS、RS技術(shù)以及相關(guān)生態(tài)模型的研究為生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)的空間化研究提供了強(qiáng)有力的技術(shù)支撐。本文以南四湖流域?yàn)槔?采用綜合生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)功能價(jià)值評估及權(quán)衡模型(InVEST,Integrated Valuation of Environment Services and Tradeoffs),模擬了近25年來南四湖流域生態(tài)系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)水量、總氮、總磷輸出和泥沙輸出的空間分布,運(yùn)用ArcGIS分析產(chǎn)水量、總氮、總磷輸出和泥沙輸出的空間分布格局以及變化規(guī)律,并分析了1990-2013年土地利用變化趨勢,探討了降水、地形等自然地理要素以及人口、土地利用和國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值(GDP)等社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)因素與生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)空間格局動(dòng)態(tài)變化之間的關(guān)系。研究結(jié)果表明:(1)流域產(chǎn)水量在空間格局上呈現(xiàn)出由東向西遞減的趨勢,東部、東北部等山區(qū)、丘陵地區(qū)產(chǎn)水量高,西部平原地區(qū)產(chǎn)水相對較低;受自然地理要素影響,流域產(chǎn)水量空間分布與GDP、人口密度的空間分布格局有較大差異。近25年來,流域產(chǎn)水量呈現(xiàn)減少趨勢,且產(chǎn)水量峰值區(qū)域由東北部向偏南地區(qū)轉(zhuǎn)移,最低值由西部向中部地區(qū)轉(zhuǎn)移。降水、海拔和坡度等地理環(huán)境與產(chǎn)水量的變化呈顯著正相關(guān),其中降水量的相關(guān)程度最強(qiáng);人口、GDP等社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)數(shù)據(jù)與產(chǎn)水量變化也呈顯著正相關(guān),主要原因在于城市化的發(fā)展、城市建設(shè)用地等不透水層的增加,促進(jìn)了流域產(chǎn)水量。(2)1990-2013年南四湖流域總氮、總磷輸出總量呈上升的變化趨勢。城市建設(shè)用地面積變化與南四湖流域的總氮、總磷輸出呈顯著正相關(guān),說明城鎮(zhèn)用地對總氮、總磷的輸出起促進(jìn)作用。林地、草地與總氮、總磷輸出的變化呈現(xiàn)顯著負(fù)相關(guān),表明林地、草地對南四湖流域總氮、總磷的輸出起抑制作用,起了凈化水質(zhì)的作用。降水、海拔和坡度等地理環(huán)境與總磷、總氮的變化呈顯著正相關(guān),其中降雨量與其相關(guān)最強(qiáng)。GDP與總氮、總磷的輸出也呈正相關(guān),促進(jìn)了流域總磷、總氮的輸出。(3)研究期內(nèi),流域產(chǎn)沙量總體上呈減少趨勢,土地利用變化和泥沙輸出的相關(guān)分析表明,耕地面積變化與泥沙輸出呈現(xiàn)顯著正相關(guān),促進(jìn)了流域泥沙輸出。林地和建設(shè)用地變化與流域泥沙輸出均呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān),抑制了泥沙的輸出。研究結(jié)果可以為流域生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)管理方案制定以及社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展規(guī)劃等宏觀決策提供科學(xué)支撐。
[Abstract]:Ecosystem service function is the research hotspot of current ecosystem assessment, which plays an important role in the survival and development of human beings and the protection of ecosystem. The quality of ecosystem services has a direct impact on the sustainable development of social economy. GIS-RS technology and related ecological models provide a strong technical support for the spatial study of ecosystem services. Taking the Nansihu Basin as an example, the spatial distribution of water production, total nitrogen, total phosphorus output and sediment output in the ecosystem of Nansihu Lake Basin in recent 25 years was simulated by using the integrated Valuation of Environment Services and tradeoffsof integrated ecosystem service value assessment and trade-off model. ArcGIS was used to analyze the spatial distribution pattern and variation law of water output, total nitrogen, total phosphorus output and sediment output, and the trend of land use change from 1990 to 2013 was analyzed, and the natural geographical factors such as precipitation, topography and population were discussed. The relationship between social and economic factors such as land use and gross domestic product (GDP) and dynamic changes of spatial pattern of ecosystem services. The results show that the water production of the watershed decreases from east to west in the spatial pattern. The water production in the hilly areas of the eastern, northeast and mountainous regions is high, and the water production in the western plain is relatively low, which is affected by the natural geographical factors. The spatial distribution pattern of water production is different from that of GDPand population density. In the last 25 years, the water production of the basin has decreased, and the peak region of water production has shifted from the northeast to the south, and the lowest value from the west to the central region. There is a significant positive correlation between precipitation, elevation and slope and the change of water production, among which the correlation degree of precipitation is the strongest, and the social and economic data such as population and GDP are also positively correlated with the change of water production, which is mainly due to the development of urbanization. The increase of impervious layers such as urban construction land promoted the total nitrogen and total phosphorus output of Nansihu Lake basin from 1990 to 2013. The change of urban construction land area was positively correlated with the total nitrogen and total phosphorus output of the Nansihu Lake basin, indicating that the urban land use played a positive role in promoting the total nitrogen and total phosphorus output. There was a significant negative correlation between total nitrogen and total phosphorus output in forestland and grassland, which indicated that forest land and grassland played an important role in inhibiting the output of total nitrogen and total phosphorus and purifying water quality. The changes of total phosphorus and total nitrogen were positively correlated with precipitation, elevation and slope, and the rainfall had the strongest correlation with total nitrogen. GDP and total phosphorus output were also positively correlated, which promoted the output of total phosphorus, total nitrogen and total nitrogen during the period of study. The correlation analysis of land use change and sediment output showed that the change of cultivated land area was positively correlated with sediment output, which promoted sediment output. The variation of forest land and construction land was negatively correlated with sediment output, which inhibited the sediment output. The results of the study can provide scientific support for macro decision making of watershed ecosystem service management scheme and social and economic development planning.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：曲阜師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X171.1

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 董旭光;顧偉宗;王靜;劉煥彬;;影響山東參考作物蒸散量變化的氣象因素定量分析[J];自然資源學(xué)報(bào);2015年05期

2 秦傳新;陳丕茂;張安凱;袁華榮;李國迎;舒黎明;周艷波;黎小國;;珠海萬山海域生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)價(jià)值與能值評估[J];應(yīng)用生態(tài)學(xué)報(bào);2015年06期

3 馬鳳嬌;劉金銅;;基于能值分析的農(nóng)田生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)評估——以河北省欒城縣為例[J];資源科學(xué);2014年09期

4 趙晟;李夢娜;吳常文;;舟山海域生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)能值價(jià)值評估[J];生態(tài)學(xué)報(bào);2015年03期

5 吳霜;延曉冬;張麗娟;;中國森林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)能值與服務(wù)功能價(jià)值的關(guān)系[J];地理學(xué)報(bào);2014年03期

6 王希;劉蘭妹;徐征和;姜麗娟;王秀茹;;山東省1960—2011年參考作物蒸散量變化特征研究[J];生態(tài)環(huán)境學(xué)報(bào);2013年08期

7 耿潤哲;王曉燕;焦帥;孟凡德;段淑懷;;密云水庫流域非點(diǎn)源污染負(fù)荷估算及特征分析[J];環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2013年05期

8 白楊;鄭華;莊長偉;歐陽志云;徐衛(wèi)華;;白洋淀流域生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)評估及其調(diào)控[J];生態(tài)學(xué)報(bào);2013年03期

9 李屹峰;羅躍初;劉綱;歐陽志云;鄭華;;土地利用變化對生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)功能的影響——以密云水庫流域?yàn)槔齕J];生態(tài)學(xué)報(bào);2013年03期

10 李冰;畢軍;田穎;;太湖流域重污染區(qū)土地利用變化對生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)價(jià)值的影響[J];地理科學(xué);2012年04期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 李爽;基于SWAT模型的南四湖流域非點(diǎn)源氮磷污染模擬及湖泊沉積的響應(yīng)研究[D];山東師范大學(xué);2012年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前3條

1 吳迎霞;海河流域生態(tài)服務(wù)功能空間格局及其驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)制[D];武漢理工大學(xué);2013年

2 楊建瑩;華北冬小麥生育期及水分虧缺變化研究[D];中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院;2011年

3 張偉;南四湖主要入湖河流水質(zhì)分析與評價(jià)研究[D];濟(jì)南大學(xué);2011年

，

本文編號：1865845