本文選題：污泥水解 + 蛋白質(zhì)��； 參考：《江南大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨污水處理廠處理規(guī)模的不斷擴(kuò)大,副產(chǎn)物剩余污泥產(chǎn)量不斷增加,已成為污水處理廠面臨的主要問題之一。剩余污泥含有大量有機(jī)物,如蛋白質(zhì)、多糖、核酸等,其中,蛋白質(zhì)約占細(xì)胞干重的50%,若能在水解基礎(chǔ)上將剩余污泥中的蛋白質(zhì)回收利用,則可實(shí)現(xiàn)真正意義上的變廢為寶,同時(shí)實(shí)現(xiàn)剩余污泥減量化和無害化。本研究以無錫市濱湖區(qū)某污水處理廠剩余污泥為處理對(duì)象,以污泥蛋白質(zhì)溶出率為評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo),在研究熱酸和熱堿水解對(duì)剩余污泥蛋白質(zhì)溶出效果影響的基礎(chǔ)上,研究聯(lián)合酶法水解剩余污泥的蛋白質(zhì)溶出效果,獲得剩余污泥水解溶出蛋白質(zhì)的最佳工藝條件,然后,采用牛血清蛋白和纖維素標(biāo)準(zhǔn)品模擬剩余污泥中的蛋白質(zhì)和多糖,研究熱堿水解期間蛋白質(zhì)的溶出、轉(zhuǎn)化和降解規(guī)律,可為剩余污泥中蛋白質(zhì)的回收提供技術(shù)支撐。主要研究?jī)?nèi)容和結(jié)果如下:(1)基于蛋白質(zhì)回收的剩余污泥熱酸水解技術(shù)研究。當(dāng)熱酸水解p H為1.0、反應(yīng)溫度為125oC、反應(yīng)時(shí)間為6.0 h和污泥濃度為30 g/L時(shí),剩余污泥蛋白質(zhì)溶出效果最佳,上清液中蛋白質(zhì)濃度及其溶出率分別為1686 mg/L和24.01%。在最佳熱酸水解條件下,剩余污泥中53.43%的粗蛋白質(zhì)未能從污泥細(xì)胞中破胞釋放,同時(shí)不同程度地分解或轉(zhuǎn)變成其他物質(zhì),僅有24.01%的污泥蛋白質(zhì)以可溶蛋白質(zhì)形式溶解在水解上清液中。(2)基于蛋白質(zhì)回收的剩余污泥熱堿水解技術(shù)研究。當(dāng)熱堿水解p H為12.5、反應(yīng)溫度為80oC、水解時(shí)間為3.0 h和污泥濃度為30 g/L時(shí),剩余污泥蛋白質(zhì)溶出效果最佳,上清液中蛋白質(zhì)濃度及其溶出率分別達(dá)2436 mg/L和42.24%。與熱酸水解相比,熱堿法水解剩余污泥的蛋白質(zhì)溶出效果較好,污泥蛋白質(zhì)溶出率高出18.23%左右,同時(shí),熱堿水解剩余污泥的水解時(shí)間較短,成本較低。(3)基于蛋白質(zhì)回收的剩余污泥酶解技術(shù)研究。堿性蛋白酶和木瓜蛋白酶復(fù)合聯(lián)合熱堿水解法水解剩余污泥,效果優(yōu)于其他復(fù)合酶。當(dāng)二者配比為1:12時(shí),蛋白質(zhì)溶出率達(dá)81.84%。與單一酶解效果相比,堿性蛋白酶與木瓜蛋白酶復(fù)配,其蛋白質(zhì)溶出率比二者單獨(dú)水解分別提高了48.02%和34.81%。當(dāng)污泥濃度為30 g/L時(shí),復(fù)合酶(堿性蛋白酶:木瓜蛋白酶為1:12)投加量為1%,在體系p H為7.0和反應(yīng)溫度為55oC條件下酶解2.0 h,再調(diào)節(jié)p H至12.5和反應(yīng)溫度為90oC條件下熱堿水解1.5 h后,剩余污泥蛋白質(zhì)溶出效果最佳,上清液中蛋白質(zhì)濃度和蛋白質(zhì)溶出率分別達(dá)6050 mg/L和84.33%。(4)熱堿水解過程中剩余污泥蛋白質(zhì)的轉(zhuǎn)化規(guī)律研究。當(dāng)熱堿水解溫度從80°C升高到100°C時(shí),纖維素標(biāo)準(zhǔn)品水解程度大幅增加,產(chǎn)生大量單糖(還原糖),同時(shí)大分子蛋白質(zhì)體積分?jǐn)?shù)明顯下降。依據(jù)UV254吸光度的變化,80°C對(duì)纖維素標(biāo)準(zhǔn)品造成焦糖化反應(yīng)程度是微不足道的,與100°C相比,80°C更能有效抑制還原糖與酰胺(蛋白質(zhì)、多肽、氨基酸)之間的美拉德反應(yīng),進(jìn)而提高蛋白質(zhì)回收率。在上述最佳水解溫度下,剩余污泥中67.59%蛋白質(zhì)從胞內(nèi)釋放溶出,32.41%蛋白質(zhì)仍保留在污泥殘?jiān)�。其�?36.64%以可溶蛋白質(zhì)形式存在,剩余30.95%蛋白質(zhì)被分解或轉(zhuǎn)化為其他小分子物質(zhì),如多肽、氨基酸、氨氮、硝態(tài)氮、揮發(fā)性脂肪酸以及未知物質(zhì)。
[Abstract]:With the expansion of the treatment scale of the sewage treatment plant, the surplus sludge production of the by-products has been increasing, which has become one of the main problems facing the sewage treatment plant. The residual sludge contains a large amount of organic matter, such as protein, polysaccharide, nucleic acid, etc., in which the protein accounts for about 50% of the dry weight of the cell, and the protein in the surplus sludge can be hydrolyzed on the basis of the protein. In this study, the residual sludge of a sewage treatment plant in Wuxi Binhu District was taken as the treatment object, and the protein dissolution rate of the sludge as the evaluation index was used to study the basis of the study on the effect of hot acid and hot alkali hydrolysis on the protein dissolution of residual sludge. On the base of the study, the protein dissolution of residual sludge was hydrolyzed by combined enzyme method, and the best process conditions for the hydrolysis of residual sludge were obtained. Then, the protein and polysaccharide in the residual sludge were simulated with bovine serum protein and cellulose standard, and the dissolution, transformation and degradation of protein during the hydrolysis of alkaline hydrolysate could be remainder. The main research contents and results are as follows: (1) study on the hydrolysis of residual sludge based on protein recovery. When the hydrolysis of P H is 1, the reaction temperature is 125oC, the reaction time is 6 h and the sludge concentration is 30 g/L, the protein dissolution of residual sludge is the best, the protein in the supernatant The concentration and its dissolution rate are 1686 mg/L and 24.01%., respectively, under the optimum conditions of hot acid hydrolysis. 53.43% of the crude protein in the residual sludge can not be released from the cells in the sludge cells, and at the same time, it decomposes or transforms into other substances in varying degrees. Only 24.01% of the sludge is dissolved in the hydrolysate supernatant in the form of soluble egg white. (2) based on the egg. When the hydrolysis of P H is 12.5, the reaction temperature is 80oC, the hydrolysis time is 3 h and the sludge concentration is 30 g/L, the protein dissolution of the remaining sludge is the best, the protein concentration and the dissolution rate in the supernatant are 2436 mg/L and 42.24%., respectively, compared with the hot acid hydrolysis. The protein dissolution rate of sludge is better than that of 18.23%. At the same time, the hydrolysis time of the residual sludge is shorter and the cost is lower. (3) based on the enzymatic hydrolysis of residual sludge from protein recovery, the effect of alkaline protease and papain combined with hot alkali hydrolysis is better than that of the sludge. When the ratio of the two was at 1:12, the protein dissolution rate reached 81.84%. and the single enzymatic hydrolysis, the alkaline protease was mixed with papain, and the protein dissolution rate was increased by 48.02% and 34.81%. respectively than that of the two ones respectively. When the sludge concentration was 30 g/L, the dosage of the compound enzyme (alkaline protease: papain was 1:12) was 1%. When the system p H is 7 and the reaction temperature is 55oC, the enzyme solution is 2 h, the P H to 12.5 and the reaction temperature are 1.5 h under the reaction temperature 90oC, the protein dissolution of the residual sludge is the best, the protein concentration and the protein dissolution rate in the supernatant are 6050 mg/L and 84.33% respectively. (4) the residual sludge protein during the hot alkali hydrolysis process When the temperature of hot alkali hydrolysis increased from 80 C to 100 C, the hydrolysis degree of cellulose standard products increased greatly and produced a large number of monosaccharides (reducing sugar), while the volume fraction of large molecular proteins decreased obviously. According to the changes of UV254 absorbance, the degree of coke saccharification reaction of cellulose standard products at 80 degree C was negligible, and 100 degrees. Compared with C, 80 degree C can effectively inhibit the mallard reaction between reducing sugar and amide (protein, polypeptide, amino acid), and then increase protein recovery. At the best hydrolysis temperature, the 67.59% protein in the remaining sludge is released from the intracellular release, and the 32.41% protein remains in the sludge residue. Among them, 36.64% are soluble in protein form. In addition, the remaining 30.95% proteins are decomposed or converted to other small molecules, such as peptides, amino acids, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, volatile fatty acids and unknown substances.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：江南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X703

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