本文選題：黑臭水體 + 土著功能菌��； 參考：《成都理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：黑臭水體給人們帶來(lái)極差的感官體驗(yàn),已成為直接影響人們正常生產(chǎn)生活最突出的水環(huán)境問(wèn)題。修復(fù)黑臭水體較常用物理和化學(xué)的方法,存在成本高,破壞水體生態(tài)環(huán)境,易引起二次污染等缺點(diǎn)。微生物修復(fù)技術(shù)具有污染物去除徹底、成本低、操作簡(jiǎn)單、無(wú)二次污染等優(yōu)勢(shì)受到人們廣泛關(guān)注。實(shí)踐表明,單一微生物修復(fù)技術(shù)難以達(dá)到理想的效果,組合修復(fù)技術(shù)具有更好的適應(yīng)性和更佳的修復(fù)性能。為此,針對(duì)黑臭水體原位微生物修復(fù)技術(shù)需求,研究曝氣強(qiáng)化功能菌原位修復(fù)組合技術(shù),以期研究成果可用于城區(qū)黑臭水體修復(fù),并在一定范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行推廣。本研究首先從底泥中篩選出高效降解底泥有機(jī)質(zhì)的土著功能菌,對(duì)土著功能菌進(jìn)行鑒定,并對(duì)其降解條件和機(jī)理進(jìn)行分析,最后將功能菌與曝氣技術(shù)結(jié)合,根據(jù)上覆水及底泥污染物的修復(fù)效果確定合理的曝氣方式,主要結(jié)論如下:(1)以成都市河道、湖泊底泥為菌源,初篩出能以黑臭底泥為碳源和能源生長(zhǎng)的微生物64株,以黑臭底泥有機(jī)質(zhì)降解率為篩選依據(jù),從中復(fù)篩出3株對(duì)底泥有機(jī)質(zhì)有高效降解能力的土著功能菌HC-8、HC-25和HC-60,經(jīng)過(guò)形態(tài)學(xué)、生理生化以及16S rDNA序列分析,確定HC-8菌落形態(tài)為白色圓狀,革蘭氏染色陽(yáng)性,氧化酶陽(yáng)性,接觸酶陽(yáng)性,甲基紅陰性,纖維素分解陰性,為食酸菌屬(Acidovorax);HC-25菌落形態(tài)為淡橙色球狀,革蘭氏染色陽(yáng)性,氧化酶陰性,接觸酶陽(yáng)性,甲基紅陽(yáng)性,纖維素分解陰性,為微小桿菌屬(Exiguobacterium);HC-60菌落形態(tài)為白色桿狀,革蘭氏染色陰性,氧化酶陰性,接觸酶陽(yáng)性,甲基紅陰性,纖維素分解陰性,為不動(dòng)桿菌屬(Acinetobacter)。(2)試驗(yàn)研究了溫度、pH和投加量對(duì)土著功能菌HC-60修復(fù)底泥有機(jī)質(zhì)的影響,通過(guò)單因素實(shí)驗(yàn)初步確定降解的最適溫度為25~30℃,最適pH為6~8、最適接種量為1~1.5%。在臨近最大有機(jī)質(zhì)降解率區(qū)域采用Box-Behnken實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)和響應(yīng)面分析法,確定土著功能菌HC-60最適降解溫度為26.4℃、最適pH為7.7、最適接種量為1.2%。試驗(yàn)研究了氧氣、土著菌群、土著功能菌HC-60在底泥有機(jī)質(zhì)修復(fù)中的作用,試驗(yàn)表明,氧氣無(wú)法直接降解底泥有機(jī)質(zhì),底泥有機(jī)質(zhì)的降解是微生物的作用,土著菌群更容易利用土著功能菌HC-60代謝多環(huán)芳烴產(chǎn)生的小分子有機(jī)物進(jìn)行協(xié)同代謝,使得底泥有機(jī)質(zhì)的降解率顯著提升。(3)采用曝氣輔助技術(shù)強(qiáng)化土著功能菌來(lái)修復(fù)黑臭水體,結(jié)果表明,采用底泥曝氣并投加土著功能菌HC-60,CODCr去除率增加了32.4%,NH3-N的去除率增加了21.1%,7d左右CODCr降到20mg/L,NH3-N降到10mg/L,TP降到0.2mg/L,上覆水水質(zhì)明顯改善,底泥有機(jī)質(zhì)的降解速率提高了30%。底泥連續(xù)曝氣和底泥間歇曝氣的效果差異不明顯,從節(jié)約能源和成本的角度來(lái)考慮,應(yīng)采用底泥間歇曝氣并投加土著功能菌HC-60的方式。
[Abstract]:Black and smelly water has brought people a very poor sensory experience, which has become the most prominent water environment problem that directly affects people's normal production and life. The methods of repairing black and smelly water are more common in physical and chemical methods, which have the disadvantages of high cost, destroying the ecological environment of water body and easily causing secondary pollution. Microbial remediation technology has the advantages of complete removal of pollutants, low cost, simple operation, no secondary pollution and so on. The practice shows that it is difficult to achieve ideal results by single microbial remediation technology, and the combined remediation technology has better adaptability and better repair performance. In order to meet the demand of in-situ microbial remediation of black-smelly water, the combined technology of in-situ remediation of aeration enhanced functional bacteria was studied in order to be applied to the restoration of black-smelly water in urban areas and to be popularized to a certain extent. In this study, first of all, the indigenous functional bacteria were screened out from the sediment to degrade organic matter efficiently, and the indigenous functional bacteria were identified, and the degradation conditions and mechanism were analyzed. Finally, the functional bacteria were combined with aeration technology. According to the remediation effect of pollutants from overlying water and sediment, a reasonable aeration mode was determined. The main conclusions were as follows: 1) 64 microbes that could grow from black sediment as carbon source and energy source were initially screened using Chengdu river and lake sediment as bacteria source. Based on the degradation rate of organic matter in black and smelly sediment, three strains of native functional bacteria HC-8 HC-25 and HC-60 with high degradation ability to organic matter in sediment were screened from the medium. The results were analyzed by morphological, physiological and biochemical analysis and 16s rDNA sequence analysis. The colony morphology of HC-8 was white round, Gram-positive, Oxidase positive, contact enzyme positive, methyl-red negative, cellulose decomposition negative, Acidovoraxaxon HC-25 colony morphology of Acidovoraxanum HC-25 as light orange sphere, Gram staining positive. Negative for oxidase, positive for contact enzyme, positive for methyl red, negative for cellulose decomposition. The colony morphology of Exiguobacterium teriumum HC-60 is white rod, gram staining negative, oxidase negative, contact enzyme positive, methyl red negative, cellulose decomposition negative. For Acinetobacter. 2), the effects of pH and dosage of temperature and pH on the remediation of organic matter in sediment by indigenous functional bacteria HC-60 were studied. The optimum temperature of degradation was 2530 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1847294