本文選題：被動(dòng)采樣 + 環(huán)狀揮發(fā)性甲基硅氧烷��； 參考：《大連海事大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本研究選擇cVMS包括八甲基環(huán)四硅氧烷(D4),十甲基環(huán)五硅氧烷(D5),十二甲基環(huán)六硅氧烷(D6)和BTEX即苯系物包括苯乙烯,甲苯,乙基苯,間對-二甲苯,1,3,5-三甲基苯和苯作為目標(biāo)物,采用內(nèi)部填有200mg Tenax TA吸附劑的熱脫附不銹鋼管(TD管)作為被動(dòng)采樣器,建立了 TD管(Tenax TA)被動(dòng)采樣方法體系,cVMS和BTEX檢出限和定量限(μg tube-1)范圍分別為:4.49E-07至3.43E-06 和 1.50E-06 至 1.14E-05;被動(dòng)吸附速率 R(mL/min)范圍為:0.28-1.46;t25和t95(天)范圍分別為10-51和101-532;采樣效率(計(jì)算值/理論值)范圍為:0.5-2.78;儲(chǔ)存樣品檢測值和儲(chǔ)存時(shí)間之間關(guān)系曲線符合Boltzmann方程,R2值在0.92-0.98之間。采用主動(dòng)和被動(dòng)方法監(jiān)測家庭、辦公和室外環(huán)境空氣中cVMS和BTEX濃度,得到主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)濃度關(guān)系式為y=0.8033x+0.156,R2為0.8893,被動(dòng)與主動(dòng)監(jiān)測方法匹配度達(dá)到89%。利用被動(dòng)監(jiān)測方法分別對Li家和Xiong家兩個(gè)家庭及其家用轎車、停車場、和家庭室外,以及校園內(nèi)的男寢、女寢、學(xué)生辦公室、教師辦公室、校園室外環(huán)境和海大實(shí)習(xí)船船員室、主機(jī)艙、輔機(jī)艙環(huán)境空氣中的cVMS和BTEX進(jìn)行了監(jiān)測。在家庭環(huán)境中cVMS,Xiong家的濃度高于Li家,其中D5濃度達(dá)到1個(gè)數(shù)量級(jí),而BTEX,Xiong家的濃度明顯低于Li家,除苯乙烯和苯外其余目標(biāo)物濃度均低于1個(gè)數(shù)量級(jí);在校園環(huán)境中cVMS,女生寢室濃度均高于其他采樣點(diǎn),其中D5高出室外192倍,對于BTEX,男生寢室均高于其他采樣點(diǎn),其中甲苯是室外的22.86倍;在船艙環(huán)境中cVMS,輔機(jī)艙內(nèi)D4和D5濃度高于主機(jī)艙高于船員室,而船員室D6濃度高于輔機(jī)艙高于主機(jī)艙,對于BTEX,主機(jī)艙濃度均為最高,其次是船員室,最后是輔機(jī)艙。通過比值方法分析,個(gè)人護(hù)理品、涂料及溶劑的使用對環(huán)境中cVMS濃度具有一定的貢獻(xiàn)作用,而機(jī)動(dòng)車和氧化燃燒排放對BTEX有較大貢獻(xiàn)。根據(jù)監(jiān)測所得目標(biāo)物濃度,對D5、苯乙烯、甲苯、乙基苯、間,對-二甲苯和苯在室內(nèi)環(huán)境中的非致癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估中,發(fā)現(xiàn)只有主機(jī)艙中苯的HQ值大于1,而對苯的致癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估中,在Li-客廳、Xiong-客廳、男寢、女寢、船員室、辦公室、主機(jī)艙和輔機(jī)艙幾個(gè)室內(nèi)監(jiān)測點(diǎn)其Risk值均大于1E-06。主機(jī)艙內(nèi)苯對人體健康存在潛在的非致癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn),研究室內(nèi)空氣環(huán)境中苯對人體健康均存在潛在的致癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
[Abstract]:In this study, cVMS including octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, dodecylcyclohexasiloxane, dodecyl cyclohexasiloxane D6) and BTEX were selected as target compounds, that is, benzene series including styrene, toluene, ethyl benzene, p-xylene 1, 3-trimethyl benzene and benzene. The thermal desorption stainless steel tube TD tube filled with 200mg Tenax TA adsorbent was used as passive sampler. The detection limits and quantification limits (渭 g tube-1) of the passive sampling system of tenax TAax were established. The detection limits and quantification limits (渭 g tube-1) were: 1: 4.49E-07 to 3.43E-06 and 1.50E-06 to 1.14E-05; the range of passive adsorption rate was 0.28-1.46t25 and 101-532respectively; and the sampling efficiency was 101-532.The range of passive adsorption rate was 0.28-1.46t25 and 101-532respectively. The range of calculated value / theoretical value is in the range of: 0.5-2.78, and the relationship curve between the detection value and storage time of the stored sample is in accordance with the Boltzmann equation with R2 value of 0.92-0.98. Active and passive methods were used to monitor the concentration of cVMS and BTEX in the air of home, office and outdoor environment. The relationship between active and passive concentration was obtained as follows: YYI 0.8033x 0.156C R2 = 0.8893, and the match degree of passive monitoring method and active monitoring method reached 89893. Two families, Li and Xiong families, as well as their cars, parking lots and outdoor homes, as well as the male, female, student's offices, teachers' offices, outdoor environment on campus and the crew room of Haida Internship were studied by passive monitoring method, respectively. Main engine cabin, auxiliary engine room ambient air cVMS and BTEX were monitored. In the family environment, the concentration of cVMS-Xiong was higher than that of Li, and the concentration of D5 was 1 order of magnitude, while the concentration of BTEXX Xiong was obviously lower than that of Li, and the concentration of all the target compounds except styrene and benzene was lower than 1 order of magnitude. In the campus environment, the concentration of female dormitory was higher than that of other sampling points, and the concentration of D5 was 192 times higher than that of outdoor. For BTEX, boys' dormitory was higher than other sampling points, and toluene was 22.86 times of outdoor. In the cabin environment, the concentration of D4 and D5 in auxiliary cabin is higher than that in main cabin, while the concentration of D6 in crew room is higher than that in engine room. For BTEX, the concentration of main engine room is the highest, the next is crew room, and the last is auxiliary cabin. By ratio analysis, the use of personal care products, paints and solvents contributed to the concentration of cVMS in the environment, while motor vehicle and oxidative combustion emissions contributed significantly to BTEX. Based on the monitored target concentration, in the non-carcinogenic risk assessment of p-xylene, p-xylene and benzene in the indoor environment, it was found that only the HQ value of benzene in the mainframe cabin was greater than 1, and that in the carcinogenic risk assessment of p-benzene, only p-xylene and p-xylene were found in the risk assessment of benzene carcinogenesis. The Risk values of several indoor monitoring points in Li-sitting room, male, female, crew room, office, mainframe cabin and auxiliary engine room are all greater than 1E-06. Benzene in main engine room has potential non-carcinogenic risk to human health, and benzene in indoor air environment has potential carcinogenic risk to human health.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X831

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