本文選題：強(qiáng)化生物除磷系統(tǒng) + 紅霉素　； 參考：《浙江工商大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,由于抗生素的大量使用且只有少部分能夠被生物體所降解,因此大量的剩余抗生素通過各種途徑排放至水體環(huán)境,尤其是污水處理廠中,其濃度為ng/L-μg/L。然而,在某些制藥廢水中抗生素濃度可以達(dá)到mg/L級(jí)別。抗生素存在于污水處理系統(tǒng)中可能對(duì)系統(tǒng)中的微生物,尤其是功能性微生物如聚磷菌(phosphate accumulating organisms,PAOS),硝化菌和反硝化菌等產(chǎn)生不良影響,從而導(dǎo)致系統(tǒng)的污水處理能力下降。因此,研究抗生素對(duì)于污水處理廠中各種生化過程的影響是相當(dāng)有必要的。本試驗(yàn)接種污泥為杭州市七格污水處理廠曝氣池出口污泥,經(jīng)過120天馴化,EBPR系統(tǒng)除磷效率長期穩(wěn)定在100%。本文基于強(qiáng)化生物除磷(EBPR)系統(tǒng),從除磷過程、揮發(fā)性脂肪酸(VFA)的消耗過程、聚羥基脂肪酸酯(PHAs)的合成與消耗過程、胞外聚合物(EPS)分泌量的變化過程,比呼吸速率(SOUR)的變化過程以及微生物群落的變化過程等多個(gè)角度出發(fā),比較系統(tǒng)地研究了紅霉素,土霉素及其混合抗生素對(duì)EBPR系統(tǒng)的作用。24小時(shí)試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,高濃度(10mg/L)紅霉素和土霉素在24小時(shí)內(nèi)均能對(duì)除磷過程產(chǎn)生明顯的抑制作用,除磷效率分別下降至63.3%和61.2%。高濃度(10 mg/L)抗生素對(duì)VFA的消耗過程并無明顯作用,但對(duì)PHAs的厭氧合成和好氧消耗過程影響較為顯著。同時(shí),高濃度(10mg/L)抗生素對(duì)EPS中PN合成量的抑制率在26.7%以上。SOUR變化過程的分析結(jié)果表明,抗生素對(duì)EBPR系統(tǒng)中微生物的呼吸作用抑制顯著,在高濃度(10 mg/L)抗生素反應(yīng)器中抑制率在16.00%%以上。對(duì)比分析結(jié)果表明,相同濃度的土霉素比紅霉素對(duì)EBPR系統(tǒng)的抑制效果更為顯著,且EBPR系統(tǒng)的好氧過程比厭氧過程更容易受到抑制。同時(shí),7天試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,雖然各類抗生素對(duì)于宏觀指標(biāo)變化過程包括除磷過程、VFA的消耗過程、PHAs的合成與消耗過程、EPS分泌量的變化過程以及SOUR變化過程等過程的抑制程度相似,但是各抗生素反應(yīng)器中菌群結(jié)構(gòu)的變化卻截然不同。相比于低濃度(1 mg/L)抗生素,高濃度(5,10 mg/L)抗生素反應(yīng)器中菌落多樣性下降更為顯著。同時(shí),相似性分析表明,相比較于低濃度(1m/L)抗生素,高濃度(5,10mg/L)抗生素引起了系統(tǒng)中更為顯著的菌群結(jié)構(gòu)變化。另外,混合抗生素反應(yīng)器中菌落結(jié)構(gòu)的變化比單一抗生素反應(yīng)器中的菌群結(jié)構(gòu)變化更為顯著。Accumulibacter和Competibacter是EBPR系統(tǒng)在屬層面占比最高的兩種菌。經(jīng)過抗生素7天的作用,Accumulibacter作為一類主要的PAOs,其在系統(tǒng)中的占比明顯下降。然而,Competibacter作為一類主要的聚糖菌(glycogen-accumulating organisms,GAOs),其在系統(tǒng)中的占比明顯上升。在紅霉素、土霉素以及其混合抗生素存在的條件下,GAOs更有競爭優(yōu)勢(shì)。最后,經(jīng)各類抗生素作用7天之后,各反應(yīng)器中的抗性菌也表現(xiàn)出明顯的不同。
[Abstract]:In recent years, due to the extensive use of antibiotics and only a few of them can be degraded by organisms, a large number of surplus antibiotics are discharged into the water environment through various ways, especially in sewage treatment plants, whose concentration is ng / L-渭 g / L. However, antibiotic concentrations in some pharmaceutical wastewater can reach mg/L level. The presence of antibiotics in the wastewater treatment system may have a negative effect on the microbes in the system, especially on the functional microorganisms such as Phosphorus accumulating organismsorganisma, nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria, resulting in a decrease in the system's sewage treatment capacity. Therefore, it is necessary to study the effects of antibiotics on various biochemical processes in wastewater treatment plants. The sludge inoculated in this experiment is the outlet sludge of aeration tank in seven wastewater treatment plants of Hangzhou. After 120 days of acclimation, the phosphorus removal efficiency of EBPR system is stable at 100 for a long time. Based on the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPRR) system, the process of phosphorus removal, the consumption of volatile fatty acids (VFAs), the synthesis and consumption of polyhydroxyl fatty acid esters (PHASs), and the changes of EPS-exudation of extracellular polymers (EPSs) were studied in this paper. The effects of erythromycin, oxytetracycline and their mixed antibiotics on EBPR system were systematically studied. Erythromycin and oxytetracycline at high concentration of 10 mg 路L ~ (-1) could significantly inhibit the phosphorus removal process within 24 hours, and the phosphorus removal efficiency decreased to 63.3% and 61.2%, respectively. High concentration of 10 mg / L antibiotics had no obvious effect on the consumption of VFA, but had a significant effect on the anaerobic synthesis and aerobic consumption of PHAs. At the same time, the inhibitory rate of high concentration of 10 mg / L antibiotics on the synthesis of PN in EPS was over 26.7%. The results showed that antibiotics inhibited the respiration of microbes in EBPR system significantly. In a 10 mg / L high concentration antibiotic reactor, the inhibition rate was above 16.00%. The results showed that oxytetracycline of the same concentration was more effective than erythromycin in inhibiting EBPR system, and the aerobic process of EBPR system was more easily inhibited than that of anaerobic process. At the same time, the results of 7-day test showed that the inhibition degree of all kinds of antibiotics to the process of macroscopical index change, including the process of phosphorus removal, the process of consumption of SOUR and the process of synthesis and consumption of PHAs, and the process of change of SOUR, were similar. However, the changes of microbial structure in antibiotic reactors are quite different. Compared with a low concentration of 1 mg / L antibiotic, the colony diversity in a 10 mg / L high concentration antibiotic reactor decreased significantly. At the same time, the similarity analysis showed that compared with the low concentration of 1 mg / L antibiotic, the high concentration of 10 mg / L antibiotic caused a more significant change in the microflora structure in the system. In addition, the change of colony structure in the mixed antibiotic reactor was more significant than that in the single antibiotic reactor. Accumulibacter and Competibacter were the two strains with the highest proportion in the EBPR system at the generic level. As a major class of PAOss, the proportion of Accumulibacter in the system decreased significantly after 7 days of antibiotic treatment. However, the percentage of Competibacter in the system, as a major group of glycogen-activating organisms, has increased significantly. In the presence of erythromycin, oxytetracycline and its mixed antibiotics, GAOs have a more competitive advantage. Finally, after 7 days of exposure to various antibiotics, the resistant bacteria in each reactor showed significant differences.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江工商大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X703

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本文編號(hào)：1837186