鋼渣改性處理有機(jī)廢水和重金屬?gòu)U水研究
本文選題:鋼渣 + 有機(jī)廢水 ; 參考:《西華大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文
【摘要】:有機(jī)物廢水和重金屬?gòu)U水是我國(guó)在工業(yè)化進(jìn)程中所面臨的問(wèn)題,并且在環(huán)境中不能被有效降解,若不及時(shí)妥善處理,直接排出,會(huì)對(duì)環(huán)境和人體造成嚴(yán)重危害。通常處理這類廢水常用的材料價(jià)格較高,而鋼渣作為煉鋼過(guò)程中排出的固體廢棄物,具有一定孔隙和比表面,且價(jià)廉易購(gòu),具備可以作為處理材料的基礎(chǔ),因此本研究選用鋼渣為原料,進(jìn)行有機(jī)廢水和重金屬?gòu)U水處理的研究。本論文選用轉(zhuǎn)爐鋼渣為原料,通過(guò)對(duì)比鋼渣改性前后對(duì)有機(jī)廢水苯酚廢水和重金屬Cr~(3+)、Pb~(2+)廢水的處理效果,尋找最佳處理?xiàng)l件,利用XRF、BET、SEM等表征手段對(duì)鋼渣的化學(xué)成分、性質(zhì)和結(jié)構(gòu)特征進(jìn)行分析,探究其反應(yīng)機(jī)理,主要結(jié)論如下:1.通過(guò)對(duì)比未改性鋼渣、酸改性鋼渣鋼渣、堿改性鋼渣在不同反應(yīng)時(shí)間、鋼渣投加量、溶液pH值條件下對(duì)去除苯酚影響,分別得到其最佳實(shí)驗(yàn)條件。常溫下,苯酚廢水濃度為40mg/l時(shí),振蕩器轉(zhuǎn)速為150r/min時(shí),100-200目未改性鋼渣、酸改性鋼渣鋼渣、堿改性鋼渣反應(yīng)時(shí)間分別為60min、70min、60min,各性質(zhì)鋼渣投加量分別為8g/l、6g/l、10g/l,溶液pH值分別為pH=4、pH值=10、pH值=9時(shí),為各個(gè)性質(zhì)鋼渣處理的最佳實(shí)驗(yàn)條件。2.通過(guò)對(duì)比未改性鋼渣、酸改性鋼渣鋼渣、堿改性鋼渣在不同反應(yīng)時(shí)間、鋼渣投加量、溶液pH值條件下對(duì)重金屬?gòu)U水Cr~(3+)、Pb~(2+)的去除影響,得到各自其最佳實(shí)驗(yàn)條件。在常溫下,當(dāng)重金屬離子濃度為20mg/l,振蕩器轉(zhuǎn)速為200r/min時(shí),處理Cr~(3+)廢水時(shí),100-200目未改性鋼渣、酸改性鋼渣鋼渣、堿改性鋼渣反應(yīng)時(shí)間分別為50min、40min、50min,鋼渣投加量分別為3g/l、1.8g/l、2.6g/l,溶液pH值3時(shí),為各個(gè)性質(zhì)鋼渣最佳實(shí)驗(yàn)條件;處理Pb~(2+)廢水時(shí),100-200目未改性鋼渣、酸改性鋼渣鋼渣、堿改性鋼渣反應(yīng)時(shí)間都為100min,鋼渣投加量都為2g/l,溶液pH值3時(shí),為各個(gè)性質(zhì)鋼渣最佳實(shí)驗(yàn)條件。3.未改性鋼渣去除苯酚效果最好,在最佳實(shí)驗(yàn)條件下,苯酚去除率可達(dá)42%;酸改性鋼渣去除Cr~(3+)、Pb~(2+)效果最好,在最佳實(shí)驗(yàn)條件下,對(duì)Cr~(3+)去除率可達(dá)99.2%,對(duì)Pb~(2+)去除率達(dá)98%。4.未改性鋼渣處理苯酚廢水更符合二級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)方程,酸、堿改性鋼渣符合一級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)方程;鋼渣處理含鉻離子、鉛離子廢水吸附過(guò)程更符合Langmuir等溫吸附模型,鋼渣處理重金屬?gòu)U水吸附過(guò)程主要是吸附作用和化學(xué)反應(yīng)作用。
[Abstract]:Organic wastewater and heavy metal wastewater are the problems that our country faces in the process of industrialization, and can not be effectively degraded in the environment. If it is not properly treated in time and discharged directly, it will cause serious harm to the environment and human body. The materials commonly used to treat such waste water are usually expensive, while steel slag, as a solid waste discharged in the steelmaking process, has a certain porosity and specific surface, and is cheap and easy to buy, and has the basis for treating materials. Therefore, steel slag is used as raw material to treat organic wastewater and heavy metal wastewater. In this paper, the converter steel slag was selected as raw material, and the chemical composition of steel slag was characterized by XRF BETSEM, by comparing the treatment effect of phenol wastewater and heavy metal Cr~(3 PbPb2 wastewater before and after modification of steel slag, and finding the best treatment conditions, and using XRFBETSEM to characterize the chemical composition of steel slag. The main conclusions are as follows: 1. By comparing the influence of unmodified steel slag, acid modified steel slag steel slag, alkali modified steel slag on phenol removal under different reaction time, steel slag dosage and pH value of solution, the optimum experimental conditions were obtained respectively. At room temperature, when the concentration of phenol wastewater is 40mg/l, when the speed of oscillator is 150r/min, the reaction time of unmodified steel slag, acid modified steel slag and alkali modified steel slag are 60min / 70min / 60min, respectively. The dosage of each kind of steel slag is 8g / L ~ 6g / L ~ (-1) 10g / L, the pH value of solution is pH ~ (4) pH = 10 ~ (-1), pH = 9, respectively. It is the best experimental condition for the treatment of steel slag with various properties. By comparing the effects of unmodified steel slag, acid modified steel slag and alkali modified steel slag on the removal of heavy metal wastewater under different reaction time, dosage of steel slag and pH value of solution, the optimum experimental conditions were obtained. At normal temperature, when the concentration of heavy metal ion is 20mg / l, the rotation speed of oscillator is 200r/min, the reaction time of unmodified steel slag, acid modified steel slag and alkali modified steel slag are 50 min ~ 40 min ~ 50 min, respectively, the dosage of steel slag is 3 g / L ~ (1.8 g / L) 路L ~ (-1) g / l, the pH value of solution is 3, respectively. When treating Pb~(2 wastewater, the reaction time of unmodified steel slag, acid modified steel slag and alkali modified steel slag is 100 min, the dosage of steel slag is 2 g / l, and the pH value of solution is 3. It is the best experimental condition of steel slag with various properties. The removal rate of phenol by unmodified steel slag is the best, and the removal rate of phenol can reach 42% under the optimum experimental conditions, and the removal rate of Cr~(3 and PbPbPbC2 is the best under the best experimental conditions. Under the optimum experimental conditions, the removal rate of Cr~(3) can reach 99.2%, and the removal rate of Pb~(2 can reach 98.4%. The treatment of phenol wastewater with unmodified steel slag conforms to the second-order kinetic equation, the acid and alkali modified steel slag accords with the first-order kinetic equation, and the adsorption process of lead ion wastewater is more consistent with the Langmuir isotherm adsorption model. The adsorption process of heavy metal wastewater treated by steel slag mainly consists of adsorption and chemical reaction.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:西華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2017
【分類號(hào)】:X703
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