本文選題：人工濕地 + 重金屬汞��； 參考：《中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：薛城小沙河是中國(guó)南水北調(diào)東線(xiàn)工程重要的輸水通道及調(diào)蓄湖泊,為了提高小沙河水質(zhì),流域進(jìn)行了大規(guī)模的濕地修復(fù)工程。為了解人工濕地系統(tǒng)中重金屬汞的遷移轉(zhuǎn)化規(guī)律,本研究以薛城組合人工濕地系統(tǒng)為研究對(duì)象,于2016年5月及9月測(cè)試了沉積物、水體和植物中汞的含量及形態(tài),探討重金屬汞在組合式人工濕地系統(tǒng)中的遷移轉(zhuǎn)化特征。沉積物中總汞及三種形態(tài)汞(可移動(dòng)汞、半移動(dòng)汞、不移動(dòng)汞)的含量分析結(jié)果表明,半移動(dòng)汞為主要賦存形式,占比為34.12%~85.24%;pH和有機(jī)質(zhì)含量對(duì)汞的形態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)化有顯著影響。柱狀沉積物中總汞含量在5月、9月分別表現(xiàn)為中部富集型、上部富集型,三種形態(tài)汞與其基本性質(zhì)之間無(wú)明顯相關(guān)關(guān)系,總體上說(shuō)明柱狀沉積物中各個(gè)形態(tài)汞的含量分布不受其基本性質(zhì)的影響。薛城人工濕地水體5月總汞濃度變化范圍4.96 ng/L~103.16 ng/L,9月水體各采樣點(diǎn)間總汞濃度范圍為2.52 ng/L~81.26ng/L,水體中總汞含量沿程呈現(xiàn)遞減趨勢(shì),總汞以顆粒態(tài)汞為主,占比為60.67~68.49%,溶解態(tài)汞和活性汞占比較低。通過(guò)計(jì)算得到5月和9月間隙水溶解態(tài)汞向上覆水體擴(kuò)散通量分別為76.63ng·(m2·d)-1和55.17 ng·(m2·d)-1。濕地植物對(duì)汞的富集能力具有明顯的時(shí)間、種間和器官差異。同種植物在9月的富集能力均大于5月的富集能力。5月濕地植物對(duì)汞的富集能力表現(xiàn)為:黃花鳶尾香蒲水蔥千屈菜再力花,9月表現(xiàn)為:再力花黃花鳶尾千屈菜香蒲水蔥。5月時(shí)五種植物對(duì)總汞運(yùn)輸能力均較弱,(TF1),富集特征表現(xiàn)為根部囤積型,9月表現(xiàn)為富集型植物。同種植物不同部位對(duì)汞的富集能力有差異,5月份表現(xiàn)為根葉莖,9月份表現(xiàn)為葉根莖。分析5月及9月植物各器官汞含量與沉積物總汞及各種形態(tài)汞的相關(guān)性,發(fā)現(xiàn)沉積物中的汞并不是影響植物汞含量的主要因素。
[Abstract]:Xue Cheng Xiaosha River is an important water conveyance channel and storage lake in the East Route of South-to-North Water transfer Project in China. In order to improve the water quality of Xiaosha River, a large-scale wetland restoration project has been carried out in the basin. In order to understand the migration and transformation of heavy metal mercury in constructed wetland system, the contents and forms of mercury in sediments, water bodies and plants were measured in May and September 2016 with Xue Cheng combination constructed wetland system as the research object. The characteristics of migration and transformation of heavy metal mercury in combined constructed wetland system were discussed. The results of analysis of total mercury and three forms of mercury (movable mercury, semi-mobile mercury, non-mobile mercury) in sediments showed that semi-mobile mercury was the main form of occurrence, accounting for 34.12% and 85.24% of pH and organic matter content had a significant effect on the morphological transformation of mercury. In May and September, the total mercury content in columnar sediments showed a central enrichment type and a upper enrichment type, and there was no significant correlation between the three forms of mercury and their basic properties. It shows that the distribution of mercury in columnar sediments is not affected by its basic properties. The variation range of total mercury concentration in Xuecheng constructed wetland in May was 4.96 ng/L~103.16 / L, and that in September was 2.52 ng / L ~ 81.26 ng / L among sampling points. The total mercury content in the water decreased along the course, and the main mercury was granular mercury. The proportion of dissolved mercury and active mercury is 60.67 and 68.49 respectively. The diffusion fluxes of dissolved mercury from interstitial water to the overlying water in May and September were calculated to be 76.63ng / m ~ (2) D ~ (-1) and 55.17 ng / m ~ (2) m ~ (2) D ~ (-1), respectively. There were significant time, interspecific and organ differences in mercury enrichment of wetland plants. The enrichment ability of the same plant in September was higher than that in May. In May, the total mercury transport capacity of five plants was weaker than that of TF1, and the enrichment characteristics were root accumulation type and September accumulation type. The accumulation ability of mercury in different parts of the same plant was different. In May, the root, leaf, stem and stem appeared as leaf and rhizome in September. The correlation between mercury content in plant organs and total mercury and various forms of mercury in sediments in May and September was analyzed. It was found that mercury in sediments was not the main factor affecting mercury content in plants.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：X703

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