發(fā)布時間：2018-04-23 15:06

  本文選題：脫氮 + 除磷　； 參考：《西南科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：針對我國目前的水環(huán)境質(zhì)量現(xiàn)狀,國家進(jìn)一步提高了城鎮(zhèn)污水處理廠出水水質(zhì)要求。目前出水TN、TP等污染物不達(dá)標(biāo)的城鎮(zhèn)污水處理廠,必須進(jìn)行技術(shù)升級改進(jìn)。本研究以西南科技大學(xué)污水處理廠氧化溝為研究對象,通過對2012-2014年西南科技大學(xué)污水處理廠進(jìn)出水水質(zhì)數(shù)據(jù)分析,探明該污水處理廠的運(yùn)行效果及存在的問題,從而探討可行的工藝參數(shù)優(yōu)化措施。通過靜態(tài)研究,考察了增加曝氣時間、減少沉淀時間、調(diào)整HRT對氧化溝出水水質(zhì)的影響,并在此基礎(chǔ)上,提出氧化溝的兩種改進(jìn)運(yùn)行方式。采用自制的氧化溝小試裝置,對比了兩種改進(jìn)運(yùn)行方式對生活污水的處理效果,優(yōu)化了HRT、排泥方式等運(yùn)行參數(shù)。并通過鳥糞石沉淀法回收污泥濃縮上清液中的氮磷,初探了其上清液回流對污水處理廠進(jìn)水氮磷負(fù)荷的影響。得到的研究結(jié)果如下:通過對西南科技大學(xué)污水處理廠進(jìn)出水水質(zhì)數(shù)據(jù)分析表明:該污水處理廠氧化溝工藝進(jìn)水BOD5、TN、NH_3~-N和TP濃度難以同時滿足設(shè)計進(jìn)水水質(zhì)指標(biāo)要求,處理后出水中TN、NH_3~-N和TP濃度難以穩(wěn)定達(dá)到《城鎮(zhèn)污水處理廠污染物排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》(GB18918-2002)的一級A標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求,需要進(jìn)行提標(biāo)改進(jìn)。靜態(tài)試驗研究表明:在原氧化溝A池(邊溝)曝氣90min后,增加曝氣時間可以降低污水中TN、NH_3~-N、TP的濃度,在綜合考慮對各水質(zhì)指標(biāo)的去除率及能耗的情況下,增加曝氣20min,即曝氣110min時,對污水中污染物的總體去除效果較好;適當(dāng)縮短沉淀時間,能夠降低污水中TP濃度,A/C池(邊溝)沉淀時間由原來的5h縮短至3h時,對污水中污染物的總體去除效果較好;HRT由18.2h縮短至16h時,對污水中污染物的總體去除效果較好。并由此提出氧化溝的兩種改進(jìn)運(yùn)行方式。動態(tài)試驗研究表明:小試裝置啟動穩(wěn)定后,當(dāng)HRT為18.2h時,改進(jìn)式運(yùn)行方式?對CODCr、TN、NH_3~-N、TP的去除效果優(yōu)于改進(jìn)式運(yùn)行方式?;在HRT為16h時,運(yùn)行方式?、?對CODCr、TN、NH_3~-N、TP去除效果最佳;在排泥量相同的條件下,A/C池(邊溝)與B池(中溝)同時排泥的方式對污水中TP的去除效果優(yōu)于僅從B池(中溝)排泥的方式。該氧化溝小試裝置在優(yōu)化工藝參數(shù)條件下的運(yùn)行結(jié)果表明:其出水CODCr濃度范圍為26mg/L-40mg/L、出水TN濃度范圍為6.2mg/L-12.7mg/L、出水NH_3~-N濃度范圍為2.5mg/L-4.2mg/L,即出水CODCr、TN、NH_3~-N均能達(dá)到《城鎮(zhèn)污水處理廠污染物排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》(GB18918-2002)一級A標(biāo)準(zhǔn);但出水TP濃度范圍為0.33mg/L-0.80mg/L,即出水TP濃度難以穩(wěn)定達(dá)到《城鎮(zhèn)污水處理廠污染物排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》(GB18918-2002)一級A標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。鳥糞石沉淀研究表明:鳥糞石形成的適宜反應(yīng)條件是溶液初始pH為9.5、反應(yīng)時間為10min、溫度為10-30℃。在此反應(yīng)條件下,污泥濃縮池上清液中的PO_4~(3-)-P和NH_4~+-N含量(均值)分別由反應(yīng)前的0.46mmol/L和2.0mmol/L降至反應(yīng)后的0.15mmol/L和1.74mmol/L,對污泥濃縮池上清液中PO_4~(3-)-P和NH_4~+-N的平均去除濃度分別為0.31mmol/L(9.61mg/L)和0.26mmol/L(3.64mg/L),對污泥濃縮池上清液中PO_4~(3-)-P和NH_4~+-N回收率分別達(dá)到68%和13%。該沉淀物中鳥糞石純度為44%。該污水處理廠污泥濃縮池上清液產(chǎn)量為100m~3/d,鳥糞石沉淀反應(yīng)可從濃縮池上清液去除PO_4~(3-)-P約為961g/d,NH_4~+-N約為364g/d。結(jié)合2014年度該污水處理廠PO_4~(3-)-P(以TP計)和NH_4~+-N(以NH_3~-N計)進(jìn)水平均濃度數(shù)據(jù)(分別為5.3mg/L和46mg/L),通過鳥糞石沉淀反應(yīng)可降低污水處理廠進(jìn)水TP濃度約0.2mg/L、進(jìn)水NH_3~-N濃度約0.08mg/L。通過鳥糞石沉淀反應(yīng)在回收氮磷資源的同時可降低污泥濃縮池上清液回流對氧化溝處理單元帶來的氮磷負(fù)荷。
[Abstract]:In view of the current quality of water environment in China, the country has further improved the water quality requirements of the urban sewage treatment plant. At present, the urban sewage treatment plant, such as TN, TP and other pollutants, must be upgraded. This study takes the oxy ditch of the sewage treatment plant of Southwest University of Science and Technology as the research object, through 2012-2014 years southwest. The water quality data of the sewage treatment plant of the University of science and technology is analyzed, the operation effect and the existing problems of the sewage treatment plant are explored, and the feasible process parameter optimization measures are discussed. Through the static study, the effect of increasing the aeration time, reducing the precipitation time and adjusting the water quality of the effluent of the oxidation ditch by HRT is adjusted, and on this basis, the oxidation is put forward. Two improved operation modes of the ditch were used. Using the self-made oxidation ditch pilot device, the treatment effect of two improved operating modes on domestic sewage was compared, the operating parameters of HRT and sludge arrangement were optimized. The nitrogen and phosphorus in the sludge concentrated supernatant were recovered by the method of bird droppstone precipitation, and the influent nitrogen and phosphorus of the wastewater treatment plant by the reflux of the supernatant was explored. The results of the study are as follows: through the analysis of the water quality data of the sewage treatment plant of Southwest University of Science and Technology, it is shown that the oxidation ditch process of the wastewater treatment plant is BOD5, TN, NH_3~-N and TP are difficult to meet the requirements of the design of water quality at the same time. The concentration of TN, NH_3~-N and TP in the effluent after treatment is difficult to reach "town". The first grade A standard of pollutant discharge standard of sewage treatment plant (GB18918-2002) needs to be improved. Static test research shows that the increase of aeration time can reduce the concentration of TN, NH_3~-N and TP in sewage after A pool (side ditch) aeration of the original oxidation ditch, and increase the concentration of TN, NH_3~-N and TP in the sewage, and increase the removal rate and energy consumption of each water quality index. The overall removal effect of pollutants in sewage is better with aeration 20min, that is, aeration 110min, and the total removal efficiency of pollutants in sewage is better. It can reduce the concentration of TP in sewage properly. When the precipitation time of A/C pool (edge ditch) is shortened from the original 5h to 3h, the overall removal effect of pollutants in sewage is better; when HRT is shortened from 18.2h to 16h, the total pollutant in sewage is reduced to the total pollutant in sewage. Two improved operation modes of oxidation ditch are put forward. Dynamic test study shows that when the pilot device is stable, when HRT is 18.2h, the improved operation mode is better than the improved operation mode for CODCr, TN, NH_3~-N, TP. When HRT is 16h, operation mode is the most effective for CODCr, TN, NH_3~-N, TP. Under the same sludge discharge condition, the removal effect of A/C pool (edge ditch) and B pool (middle ditch) at the same time is better than that of only B pool (middle ditch). The operation results of the oxidation ditch pilot device under the optimized process parameters show that the CODCr concentration range of the effluent is 26mg/L-40mg/L, and the TN concentration range of the effluent is 6.2. Mg/L-12.7mg/L, the concentration range of the effluent NH_3~-N is 2.5mg/L-4.2mg/L, that is, the effluent CODCr, TN, NH_3~-N can reach the first grade A standard of the pollutant discharge standard of the municipal wastewater treatment plant (GB18918-2002), but the effluent TP concentration range is 0.33mg/L-0.80mg/L, that is, the TP concentration of the effluent is difficult to reach the pollutant discharge standard of the municipal wastewater treatment plant (GB18918-). 2002) first class A standard. The study of bird Dropstone precipitation shows that the appropriate reaction conditions for the formation of bird Dropstone are that the initial pH of the solution is 9.5, the reaction time is 10min, and the temperature is 10-30. In this reaction condition, the content of PO_4~ (3-) -P and NH_4~+-N in the sludge concentration pool is reduced from 0.46mmol/L and 2.0mmol/L before the reaction to 0.15 after the reaction. Mmol/L and 1.74mmol/L, the average removal concentration of PO_4~ (3-) -P and NH_4~+-N in the sludge concentration pool was 0.31mmol/L (9.61mg/L) and 0.26mmol/L (3.64mg/L) respectively. The PO_4~ (3-) and recoveries in the liquid sludge concentration pool were 68%, respectively, and the purity of the sludge concentration in the wastewater treatment plant The yield of the supernatant is 100m~3/d, and the precipitation of bird droppings can remove PO_4~ (3-) -P about 961g/d from the clear solution of the concentrated pool, and NH_4~+-N is about 364g/d. combined with PO_4~ (3-) -P (TP meter) and NH_4~+-N (respectively) in the sewage treatment plant in 2014. The concentration of the influent TP in the treatment plant is about 0.2mg/L, and the concentration of the influent NH_3~-N is about 0.08mg/L. through the precipitation of bird droppings in the recovery of nitrogen and phosphorus resources, while reducing the nitrogen and phosphorus load caused by the reflux of the sludge concentration pool on the oxidation ditch treatment unit.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X703

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