本文選題：含汞廢水 + 秸稈活性炭��； 參考：《四川師范大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：含汞廢水是很多工業(yè)生產(chǎn)過程排放的一類重金屬廢水,其危害早已被人們所認(rèn)識(shí),并開發(fā)出多種物理、化學(xué)和生物處理方法。然而,現(xiàn)有的方法由于存在許多弊端而制約了廣泛的工程應(yīng)用,含汞廢水仍然是目前環(huán)境的重要汞污染源之一。隨著國際、國內(nèi)對(duì)環(huán)境汞排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)限值的進(jìn)一步收嚴(yán),大量的含汞廢水處理越來越需要開發(fā)高效、低耗、低成本的處理材料、處理工藝和技術(shù),確保含汞廢水的達(dá)標(biāo)排放。本文以農(nóng)業(yè)作物秸稈制備的秸稈活性炭為材料,通過改性,研究改性活性炭對(duì)溶液中汞的吸附特性、吸附機(jī)制及影響因素,探索改性活性炭處理含汞廢水的工藝參數(shù),為開發(fā)出低成本、高效、環(huán)境友好的汞吸附材料提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。研究的結(jié)果表明:1.改性條件影響活性炭的吸附性能。在600℃、800℃和1000℃的溫度條件下制得的改性活性炭對(duì)Hg(Ⅱ)的吸附率有明顯差異,溫度條件為1000℃得到的改性活性炭效果最好。摻硫改性后,活性炭的含硫基團(tuán)增加,顯著改善活性炭對(duì)Hg(Ⅱ)的吸附能力,但不同碳硫質(zhì)量比對(duì)改性活性炭的吸附性能影響明顯,以碳硫比為1:3制得的改性活性炭的效果最優(yōu)。改性前活性炭的粒徑大小也顯著影響改性后的吸附性能,但吸附性能隨粒徑大小的變化沒有趨勢(shì),以中等粒徑(150μm)得到的改性活性炭表現(xiàn)最好。改性時(shí)間對(duì)改性活性炭的吸附性能沒有明顯影響。2.與未改性活性炭相比,改性活性炭顯著地提高了對(duì)溶液中Hg(Ⅱ)的去除率,其吸附性能與溶液pH、初始濃度、吸附劑用量有關(guān)。改性活性炭受溶液的pH影響范圍較未改性活性炭小,pH值在4左右,改性活性炭對(duì)Hg(Ⅱ)的去除率達(dá)到最大,而未改性活性炭的去除率隨pH增加而增加。初始Hg(Ⅱ)濃度影響到吸附劑的去除率,相同初始濃度下,改性活性炭對(duì)Hg(Ⅱ)的去除率遠(yuǎn)大于未改性活性炭。Hg(Ⅱ)的去除率隨活性炭用量增加而增加,但吸附量隨用量增加而減少,在初始Hg(Ⅱ)濃度為30mg/L條件下,活性炭用量為3.0g/L時(shí),改性活性炭對(duì)Hg(Ⅱ)的去除率達(dá)到99.8%,未改性活性炭僅為80%左右;吸附平衡時(shí),改性活性炭的吸附量為33.10mg/g,遠(yuǎn)大于未改性活性炭的11.67mg/g�；钚蕴康奈竭^程為吸熱反應(yīng),但不同溫度條件下,活性炭的吸附性能差異并不明顯�；钚蕴繉�(duì)Hg(Ⅱ)的吸附符合Freundlich方程,吸附機(jī)制為多分子層吸附,吸附動(dòng)力學(xué)符合Lagergren準(zhǔn)二級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,吸附類型主要以化學(xué)吸附為主。3.改性活性炭對(duì)模擬含汞廢水的處理效果受pH、接觸時(shí)間的影響明顯。在活性炭用量為4g/L,模擬廢水Hg(Ⅱ)濃度為30mg/L的條件下,最佳處理pH為5,接觸時(shí)間為5h,Hg(Ⅱ)的去除率為72%,工藝試驗(yàn)結(jié)果與實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果有相當(dāng)?shù)牟罹�。主要結(jié)論:秸稈活性炭經(jīng)摻硫改性后,顯著地改善了活性炭的表面吸附性能。改性活性炭對(duì)Hg(Ⅱ)吸附受pH、吸附劑用量和初始濃度的影響明顯,但受溫度的影響不大;活性炭對(duì)Hg(Ⅱ)的吸附過程符合Freundlich方程,吸附動(dòng)力學(xué)符合Lagergren準(zhǔn)二級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,吸附機(jī)理為多分子層吸附,吸附類型主要以化學(xué)吸附為主,吸附熱力學(xué)為吸熱反應(yīng)。
[Abstract]:Mercury containing wastewater is a kind of heavy metal wastewater discharged from many industrial processes. Its harm has already been recognized by people, and many kinds of physical, chemical and biological treatment methods have been developed. However, the existing methods have restricted extensive engineering applications because of many disadvantages, and the mercury containing wastewater is still one of the important sources of mercury pollution in the present environment. With the international and domestic restrictions on environmental mercury emission standards further stricter, a large number of mercury containing wastewater treatment more and more need to develop high efficiency, low consumption, low cost treatment materials, processing technology and technology to ensure the standard discharge of mercury containing wastewater. In this paper, the straw activated carbon from agricultural crop straw was used as the material, and the modification was used to study the modification. The adsorption properties, adsorption mechanism and influencing factors of activated carbon on the solution, explore the technological parameters of treating mercury containing wastewater by modified activated carbon, and provide scientific basis for developing low cost, efficient and environmentally friendly mercury adsorption materials. The results show that the 1. modification conditions affect the adsorption properties of activated charcoal at 600, 800 and 1000. The adsorption rate of Hg (II) was significantly different from the modified activated carbon obtained under the temperature condition. The effect of the modified activated carbon obtained at 1000 temperature was the best. The sulfur content group of the activated carbon was increased, and the adsorption capacity of activated carbon to Hg (II) was obviously improved, but the adsorption properties of the modified activated carbon were obviously influenced by the different carbon and sulfur quality. The modified activated carbon obtained by the carbon sulfur ratio of 1:3 is the best. The particle size of the activated carbon before the modification also significantly affects the modified adsorption properties, but the adsorption property changes with the size of the particle, and the modified activated carbon obtained by the medium size (150 mu m) shows the best performance. The adsorption performance of the modified activated carbon is not clear. Compared with the unmodified activated carbon, the modified activated carbon significantly improved the removal rate of Hg (II) in the solution, and its adsorption performance was related to the solution pH, initial concentration and the amount of adsorbent. The modified activated carbon was affected by the pH of the solution less than that of the unmodified activated carbon, and the pH value was about 4, and the removal rate of Hg (II) was maximum by modified activated carbon. The removal rate of unmodified activated carbon increases with the increase of pH. Initial Hg (II) concentration affects the removal rate of adsorbents. Under the same initial concentration, the removal rate of modified activated carbon to Hg (II) is much greater than that of unmodified activated carbon (II). The removal rate of.Hg (II) increases with the increase of activated carbon, but the adsorption amount decreases with the increase of the amount of activated carbon, in the initial Hg (II). Under the condition of 30mg/L, when the amount of activated carbon is 3.0g/L, the removal rate of modified activated carbon to Hg (II) is 99.8%, and the unmodified activated carbon is only about 80%. When adsorption equilibrium, the adsorption amount of modified activated carbon is 33.10mg/g, which is much larger than the adsorption process of 11.67mg/g. activated carbon with unmodified activated carbon, but at different temperature conditions, the adsorption process of activated charcoal is much higher than that of unmodified activated carbon. The adsorption properties of activated carbon were not obvious. The adsorption of activated carbon on Hg (II) was in accordance with the Freundlich equation, adsorption mechanism was multi molecular layer adsorption, adsorption kinetics accorded with Lagergren quasi two kinetics model, and the adsorption type was mainly chemically adsorbed on.3. modified activated carbon for the treatment of simulated mercury containing wastewater by pH and contact time. The effect is obvious. Under the condition of 4g/L and Hg (II) concentration of simulated wastewater, the optimum treatment pH is 5, the contact time is 5h, the removal rate of Hg (II) is 72%, and the result of the process test is quite different from the experimental results. The adsorption of modified activated carbon on Hg (II) was obviously influenced by pH, the amount of adsorbents and the initial concentration, but it was not affected by the temperature. The adsorption process of activated carbon to Hg (II) was in accordance with the Freundlich equation. The adsorption kinetics accorded with the Lagergren quasi two kinetics model, the adsorption mechanism was multi molecular layer adsorption and the adsorption type was mainly chemical adsorption. The thermodynamics of adsorption is the endothermic reaction.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：X703;TQ424.1

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 陳冬梅,王強(qiáng);煤系硫鐵礦處理含汞廢水的研究[J];洛陽師范學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2005年05期

2 ;含汞廢水處理技術(shù)取得重大進(jìn)展[J];化學(xué)工業(yè)與工程技術(shù);2011年05期

3 ;硫化鈉共沉淀法處理含汞廢水[J];上海化工;1973年S1期

4 ;硫化鈉共沉淀法凈化含汞廢水[J];勞動(dòng)保護(hù);1974年01期

5 王寶貞;;含汞廢水的污染和防治[J];化學(xué)通報(bào);1974年01期

6 張建國;;含汞廢水的處理與汞的回收[J];建筑技術(shù)通訊(給水排水);1975年02期

7 許志學(xué);吉愛堂;周鑒;;硫化亞鐵處理含汞廢水[J];環(huán)境保護(hù);1977年06期

8 李繼茹;;含汞廢水和廢氣的處理[J];重慶環(huán)境保護(hù);1981年05期

9 薩本嘉;李耀星;;含汞廢水的處理[J];金屬再生;1990年06期

10 吳秀英，吳農(nóng)忠，趙宏遠(yuǎn)，隋廣安，，孫林志;硫化鈉處理含汞廢水[J];中國環(huán)境科學(xué);1995年02期

相關(guān)重要報(bào)紙文章 前5條

1 李全勝　張學(xué)魯;新疆天業(yè)治理含汞廢水[N];中國化工報(bào);2011年

2 記者 李軍;氯堿含汞廢水零排放不再是夢(mèng)[N];中國化工報(bào);2013年

3 本報(bào)記者 馮澤山;吸干吃凈的奇跡[N];石河子日?qǐng)?bào)(漢);2010年

4 周幼曼;日本“水俁病”之災(zāi)留下的遺產(chǎn)[N];學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)報(bào);2014年

5 張益;黔西南自治州 技術(shù)創(chuàng)新支撐六大產(chǎn)業(yè)[N];貴州日?qǐng)?bào);2006年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前6條

1 周維娜;金屬有機(jī)框架材料吸附痕量Hg~(2+)研究[D];東華理工大學(xué);2015年

2 陳卓爾;農(nóng)業(yè)秸稈活性炭改性及處理含汞廢水的研究[D];四川師范大學(xué);2016年

3 李強(qiáng);貴州省汞污染及含汞廢水處理技術(shù)研究[D];暨南大學(xué);2013年

4 王紹偉;內(nèi)蒙古PVC行業(yè)汞污染現(xiàn)狀調(diào)查與防治研究[D];內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué);2012年

5 張普穎;電石法生產(chǎn)懸浮PVC樹脂產(chǎn)生廢水的處理及綜合利用[D];華北電力大學(xué);2013年

6 張若曦;廢水中汞的化學(xué)蒸氣發(fā)生捕集方法研究[D];成都理工大學(xué);2011年

本文編號(hào)：1782137