本文選題：濾筒除塵器 + 脈沖清灰　； 參考：《西安建筑科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：濾筒除塵器具有體積小、結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、過(guò)濾效率高等優(yōu)點(diǎn),目前在電力、冶金、食品、建材、礦山和化工等領(lǐng)域得到了廣泛應(yīng)用。但是由于濾筒筒徑大、褶皺多等原因?qū)е聼o(wú)法完全清灰,成為制約其推廣及應(yīng)用的一大障礙。因此對(duì)濾筒除塵器脈沖清灰機(jī)理進(jìn)行研究,探索一種新型濾筒結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)解決當(dāng)前脈沖清灰不完全的問(wèn)題,能夠進(jìn)一步促進(jìn)濾筒除塵器的發(fā)展和應(yīng)用。本文利用CFD軟件分別對(duì)濾筒除塵器噴吹管出流特性和脈沖清灰過(guò)程進(jìn)行研究,最后根據(jù)研究結(jié)果,提出一種新型濾筒結(jié)構(gòu),以解決傳統(tǒng)濾筒上部清灰不良的問(wèn)題。主要得出了以下結(jié)論:(1)利用正交試驗(yàn)法對(duì)噴嘴長(zhǎng)度H、噴嘴直徑D、噴吹管直徑Φ、噴吹壓力P和噴嘴個(gè)數(shù)N各個(gè)因素對(duì)噴吹均勻性的影響進(jìn)行研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)按照影響強(qiáng)弱排序依次為:DHΦPNL。其中噴嘴直徑D對(duì)于噴吹均勻性的影響最為顯著。(2)對(duì)某一濾筒除塵器的脈沖噴吹系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)在脈沖過(guò)程中各噴嘴出流流量沿噴吹管氣流方向逐漸增加,1#噴嘴流量?jī)H為8#噴嘴的76.36%;前段噴嘴出流存在角嚴(yán)重的偏心問(wèn)題,最大偏心角達(dá)5.18°。(3)為解決噴吹系統(tǒng)的偏心性和不均勻性問(wèn)題,提出三種改進(jìn)方案,分別為:(1)增大前段噴嘴直徑,縮小后段噴嘴直徑;(2)將圓柱形噴嘴替換為錐形噴嘴,并改變不同錐形噴嘴的收縮角;(3)將1~3#噴嘴替換為錐形噴嘴,并逐步調(diào)整其收縮角。通過(guò)對(duì)各個(gè)方案的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),方案二和三都能解決噴吹氣流的不均勻性和偏心性問(wèn)題,但是從實(shí)用性來(lái)講,方案三最佳。(4)在脈沖清灰過(guò)程中,濾筒內(nèi)部靜壓從上至下依次達(dá)到峰值,濾筒下部靜壓最大,并沿高度方向逐漸降低;并且由于脈沖氣流速度很大,在濾筒的上部會(huì)出現(xiàn)負(fù)壓,導(dǎo)致濾筒上部清灰效果很不理想。增大噴嘴直徑和噴吹壓力,濾筒中下部峰值壓力均有明顯增加,而上部峰值壓力增加很小。在噴吹壓力為0.3MPa時(shí),噴嘴直徑為9mm、16mm、22mm所對(duì)應(yīng)的最佳噴吹距離分別為190mm、180mm和160mm,適度增加噴嘴直徑,最佳清灰距離會(huì)有所減小。(5)新型Ⅰ類濾筒改變內(nèi)部填充體直徑僅能增加中下部測(cè)點(diǎn)的峰值壓力,上部測(cè)點(diǎn)影響很小,與傳統(tǒng)濾筒差別不大。(6)椎體高度b一定時(shí),隨著填充體直徑的增加,濾筒側(cè)壁上中下三測(cè)點(diǎn)峰值壓力均在增加,并且椎體高度越小,上部測(cè)點(diǎn)峰值壓力增加的越快。并且當(dāng)填充體直徑a為150mm,椎體高度b為60mm,濾筒各測(cè)點(diǎn)峰值壓力分布最為均勻,各測(cè)點(diǎn)峰值壓力均遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于300Pa,清灰效果最好。
[Abstract]:The filter drum dust collector has the advantages of small size, simple structure and high filtration efficiency. It has been widely used in the fields of electric power, metallurgy, food, building materials, mining and chemical industry.However, due to the large diameter and many folds of the filter tube, the ash can not be removed completely, which is a big obstacle to its popularization and application.Therefore, the research on the mechanism of pulse cleaning of filter drum dust collector and the exploration of a new type of filter tube structure to solve the current problem of incomplete pulse ash removal can further promote the development and application of the filter drum dust collector.In this paper, CFD software is used to study the characteristics of the blowpipe flow and the pulse cleaning process of the filter tube respectively. Finally, according to the research results, a new type of filter tube structure is proposed to solve the problem of bad cleaning in the upper part of the traditional filter tube.The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the effects of nozzle length H, nozzle diameter D, nozzle diameter 桅, injection pressure P and the number of nozzles N on the uniformity of injection are studied by orthogonal test. It is found that the order of influence is: h 桅 PNL.The influence of nozzle diameter D on the injection uniformity is most significant. (2) the numerical simulation of the pulse injection system of a filter drum precipitator is carried out.It is found that in the pulse process, the flow rate of each nozzle increases gradually along the direction of the air flow of the nozzle, and the flow rate of the nozzle is only 76.36 of that of the 8# nozzle, and there is a serious eccentricity problem in the outlet flow of the front nozzle.In order to solve the problem of eccentricity and inhomogeneity of the injection system, three kinds of improvement schemes are put forward, one is to increase the diameter of the front nozzle, and the other is to reduce the diameter of the rear nozzle. (2) to replace the cylindrical nozzle with the conical nozzle,The shrinkage angle of different conical nozzles is changed.It is found that both scheme two and three can solve the problem of non-uniformity and eccentricity of jet flow, but from the practical point of view, scheme three is the best one in the process of ash removal.The internal static pressure of the filter tube reaches the peak value from top to bottom, and the pressure of the lower part of the filter tube reaches the maximum and decreases gradually along the direction of height, and because of the large velocity of pulse flow, the negative pressure will appear in the upper part of the filter tube, which leads to the unsatisfactory cleaning effect of the upper part of the filter tube.When the nozzle diameter and the injection pressure are increased, the peak pressure in the middle and lower part of the filter tube increases obviously, but the peak pressure in the upper part increases very little.When the injection pressure is 0.3MPa, the optimum injection distance is 190mm 180mm and 160mm when the nozzle diameter is 9mm / 16mm / 22mm, which increases the nozzle diameter moderately.The optimum ash removal distance will be reduced. 5) the new type I filter tube can only increase the peak pressure of the measuring point in the middle and lower part by changing the diameter of the inner infill, and the influence of the upper measuring point is very little, which is not different from that of the traditional filter tube, and the vertebral body height b is fixed.With the increase of filling diameter, the peak pressure of the three measuring points on the lateral wall of the filter tube increased, and the lower the height of the vertebral body, the faster the peak pressure of the upper measuring point increased.When the filling diameter a is 150 mm and the vertebral body height b is 60 mm, the peak pressure distribution of each measuring point of the filter tube is the most uniform, and the peak pressure of each measuring point is far greater than 300 Pa. the ash removal effect is the best.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X701.2

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