本文選題：公民參與 + 生態(tài)文明��； 參考：《太原理工大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：在面臨著環(huán)境污染嚴重、資源約束趨緊、生態(tài)系統(tǒng)退化的嚴峻形勢下,十八大報告明確提出要大力推進生態(tài)文明建設(shè),強調(diào)必須樹立尊重自然、順應自然、保護自然的生態(tài)文明理念,把生態(tài)文明建設(shè)放在突出地位。生態(tài)文明的建設(shè)與民族的未來、人民的福祉息息相關(guān),必須要融入經(jīng)濟建設(shè)、政治建設(shè)、文化建設(shè)、社會建設(shè)各方面和全過程,從而努力建設(shè)好美麗中國,實現(xiàn)中華民族永續(xù)發(fā)展。就我國而言,目前我國已經(jīng)進入了高消耗、高污染的風險社會,生態(tài)環(huán)境問題的治理已經(jīng)到了一個不可忽視的關(guān)鍵階段。隨著公民生態(tài)意識的提高,生態(tài)文明的建設(shè)和研究逐漸進入了公民的視線,引起了公民的廣泛關(guān)注和參與。在全面建設(shè)小康社會的背景下,生態(tài)文明建設(shè)作為其新的要求,僅僅依靠政府單方面發(fā)揮主導作用是不夠的,還需要公民的廣泛而積極的參與。本文寫作的主要目的就在于對如何落實我國公民真正參與到生態(tài)文明建設(shè)實踐當中,充分發(fā)揮公民參與的功能與效益提出建議。全文共分成三大部分:第一部分首先對公民參與和生態(tài)文明進行基本概述,即對公民參與、生態(tài)文明、生態(tài)文明建設(shè)的內(nèi)涵和特征作出解釋,然后論述公民參與生態(tài)文明建設(shè)的內(nèi)在動因和外在動因。其次論述公民參與生態(tài)文明建設(shè)的理論基礎(chǔ),從理論上分析公民參與生態(tài)文明建設(shè)的合理性、合法性和必要性。第二部分探究了我國公民參與生態(tài)文明建設(shè)的現(xiàn)狀,首先介紹目前生態(tài)文明建設(shè)試點工作的整體狀況、公民參與生態(tài)文明建設(shè)在法律和公民參與上取得的成績。其次通過案例客觀分析目前公民參與的方式,即組織式參與、聽證式參與、訴訟式參與。最后從政府教育上的缺失、法律制度的不健全和公民操作層面上的局限這三方面分析公民參與生態(tài)文明建設(shè)面臨的困境及成因。第三部分主要探析我國公民參與生態(tài)文明建設(shè)的路徑選擇。首先介紹瑞典培養(yǎng)全民的生態(tài)意識、美國注重法律的建設(shè)、德國注重環(huán)境立法與環(huán)境教育相結(jié)合的措施,然后總結(jié)出西方國家的措施對我國公民參與生態(tài)文明建設(shè)的啟示。其次根據(jù)我國具體國情提出了健全公民參與生態(tài)文明建設(shè)的對策,即政府通過培養(yǎng)生態(tài)公民、完善生態(tài)環(huán)境信息管理系統(tǒng)以及提高決策民主化來為公民參與生態(tài)文明建設(shè)提供良好的外部環(huán)境;在法律上加強生態(tài)立法建設(shè)、建立公民參與機制以及健全環(huán)保社會組織來推動公民參與生態(tài)文明的制度建設(shè);公民從經(jīng)濟、政治、文化和社會層面來拓寬參與生態(tài)文明建設(shè)的渠道。
[Abstract]:In the face of severe environmental pollution, tight constraints on resources and degradation of ecosystems, the report of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China explicitly proposed that the construction of ecological civilization should be vigorously promoted, and stressed that it is necessary to establish respect for nature and conform to nature.Protect the natural ecological civilization concept, ecological civilization construction in a prominent position.The construction of ecological civilization is closely related to the future of the nation and the well-being of the people. We must integrate all aspects and processes of economic construction, political construction, cultural construction, and social construction so as to strive to build a beautiful China.To achieve sustainable development of the Chinese nation.As far as our country is concerned, at present, our country has entered a high-risk society with high consumption and high pollution, and the management of ecological environmental problems has reached a critical stage that can not be ignored.With the improvement of citizen's ecological consciousness, the construction and research of ecological civilization have gradually entered the sight of citizens and aroused the citizen's extensive concern and participation.Under the background of building a well-off society in an all-round way, the construction of ecological civilization, as its new requirement, is not enough to rely on the government to play a leading role unilaterally, and it also needs the extensive and active participation of citizens.The main purpose of this paper is to put forward some suggestions on how to implement our citizens' participation in the practice of ecological civilization construction and give full play to the functions and benefits of citizen participation.The paper is divided into three parts: the first part gives a basic overview of citizen participation and ecological civilization, that is, the connotation and characteristics of citizen participation, ecological civilization and ecological civilization construction.Then it discusses the internal and external motivation of citizen's participation in the construction of ecological civilization.Secondly, it discusses the theoretical basis of citizen's participation in the construction of ecological civilization, and theoretically analyzes the rationality, legitimacy and necessity of citizen's participation in the construction of ecological civilization.The second part probes into the status quo of citizen participation in the construction of ecological civilization in China. Firstly, it introduces the overall situation of the pilot work of ecological civilization construction at present, and the achievements of citizen participation in the construction of ecological civilization in law and citizen participation.Secondly, through the case analysis of the current way of citizen participation, namely organizational participation, hearing participation, litigation participation.Finally, the difficulties and causes of citizen participation in the construction of ecological civilization are analyzed from three aspects: the lack of government education, the imperfect legal system and the limitation of citizen operation.The third part mainly analyzes the path choice of citizen participation in the construction of ecological civilization.This paper first introduces the measures of training the ecological consciousness of the whole people in Sweden, paying attention to the construction of laws in the United States, and the measures of combining environmental legislation with environmental education in Germany, and then summarizes the enlightenment of the measures of western countries on the participation of Chinese citizens in the construction of ecological civilization.Secondly, according to the specific conditions of our country, the author puts forward the countermeasures to improve the citizen's participation in the construction of ecological civilization, that is, the government trains the ecological citizen,To improve the ecological environment information management system and enhance the democratization of decision-making to provide a good external environment for citizens to participate in the construction of ecological civilization, strengthen the construction of ecological legislation in law,The establishment of citizen participation mechanism and the improvement of environmental protection social organization to promote citizen participation in the construction of ecological civilization system, citizens from the economic, political, cultural and social levels to broaden the channels to participate in the construction of ecological civilization.
【學位授予單位】：太原理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X321;D621.5

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