本文選題：光催化 + 靜電紡絲�。� 參考：《上海師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：揮發(fā)性有機(jī)污染氣體(VOCs)是室內(nèi)污染物的主要成分,它主要包括苯、甲苯、苯乙烯和甲醛等,長期暴露其中,可對(duì)人體產(chǎn)生急性或慢性毒性,室內(nèi)環(huán)境污染問題已引起了人們的普遍關(guān)注。光催化技術(shù)可以將污染物降解為無毒無害的二氧化碳和水,因此成為處理揮發(fā)性有機(jī)氣體研究最多的技術(shù)。光催化劑TiO_2是使用最為頻繁的光催化劑,但目前制備出的TiO_2大都為納米顆粒形態(tài),在使用時(shí)易團(tuán)聚造成光催化性能的降低,使用后難以回收,實(shí)際使用潛能較低。因此,如果能將TiO_2做成兼具有較大比表面積并且二維連續(xù)形態(tài)的納米纖維材料或?qū)⑵鋸?fù)合于納米纖維中,使其呈現(xiàn)膜狀結(jié)構(gòu),那么它將具有較高的實(shí)際使用價(jià)值。靜電紡絲是目前唯一可以制備納米尺寸的連續(xù)長纖維的技術(shù),具有設(shè)備簡單、操作靈活方便、成本低廉、適用材料范圍廣泛等優(yōu)點(diǎn),因此,近些年靜電紡絲技術(shù)被越來越多地應(yīng)用于TiO_2納米纖維材料的制備。本論文主要的研究內(nèi)容如下所述:(1)靜電紡絲/靜電噴霧方法制備TiO_2及其性能對(duì)比研究(紡絲條件探究)紡絲液中高聚物的濃度是電紡能否成絲的關(guān)鍵,在本實(shí)驗(yàn)中通過控制紡絲液中PVP(MW=58000)的濃度制備出不同的TiO_2前驅(qū)體電紡溶液,PVP含量低的在高壓下只能產(chǎn)生噴霧顆粒,當(dāng)PVP濃度達(dá)到一定值時(shí)才能電紡成絲。將電噴霧和電紡絲后得到的產(chǎn)物經(jīng)高溫焙燒后即可得到顆粒狀和短棒狀的TiO_2,并對(duì)其形貌、物相結(jié)構(gòu)和光催化降解甲苯性能進(jìn)行了對(duì)比。(2)TiO_2/聚酰亞胺(PI)復(fù)合納米纖維的制備及性能研究通過同步靜電紡PAA和PVP/TiO_2前驅(qū)體紡絲液然后高溫焙燒的方法得到膜狀的TiO_2/PI復(fù)合納米纖維,PI纖維與TiO_2纖維交錯(cuò)分布,TiO_2纖維賦予材料光催化性能,PI纖維為材料提供結(jié)構(gòu)加固的作用并提高了纖維膜的機(jī)械性能。探究了材料的形貌、結(jié)構(gòu)、機(jī)械性能和光催化性能與復(fù)合比例的關(guān)系。(3)TiO_2/PAN復(fù)合納米纖維膜的制備及性能探究通過同步靜電紡PAN和靜電噴霧TiO_2顆粒的方法制備了TiO_2/PAN復(fù)合纖維膜,在復(fù)合纖維膜中TiO_2顆粒均勻地附著于纖維的表面,探究了復(fù)合纖維膜的形貌、結(jié)構(gòu)、光催化降解甲苯氣體和空氣過濾粉塵的性能與復(fù)合比例的關(guān)系。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明本論文利用靜電紡絲技術(shù)制備出的兩種含有TiO_2的復(fù)合納米纖維膜,在有效凈化空氣的同時(shí)實(shí)現(xiàn)自身的回收利用,為提高TiO_2的實(shí)際使用價(jià)值提供了可能的解決方案。
[Abstract]:Volatile organic pollutants (VOCs) are the main components of indoor pollutants. They mainly include benzene, toluene, styrene and formaldehyde.The problem of indoor environmental pollution has aroused widespread concern.Photocatalytic technology can degrade pollutants into non-toxic and harmless carbon dioxide and water, so it has become the most widely studied technology for the treatment of volatile organic gases.Photocatalyst TiO_2 is the most frequently used photocatalyst, but at present, most of the prepared TiO_2 is nano-particle morphology, easy to agglomerate in the use of the degradation of photocatalytic performance, difficult to recover after use, the actual use of low potential.Therefore, if TiO_2 can be made into nanofiber materials with large specific surface area and two-dimensional continuous morphology, or composite into nanofibers to present membrane structure, then it will have higher practical value.Electrostatic spinning is the only technology that can produce nanoscale continuous long fibers. It has the advantages of simple equipment, flexible operation, low cost, wide range of materials and so on.In recent years, electrostatic spinning technology has been used more and more in the preparation of TiO_2 nanofibers.The main contents of this thesis are as follows: (1) preparation of TiO_2 by electrostatic spinning / electrostatic spray method and comparative study of its properties (study of spinning conditions) the concentration of polymer in spinning solution is the key to the formation of silk by electrospinning.In this experiment, by controlling the concentration of PVP / MWN 58000 in spinning solution, different TiO_2 precursor electrospinning solution (PVP) with low content can only produce spray particles at high pressure. When the concentration of PVP reaches a certain value, it can be electrospun into silk.After calcination of the products obtained by electrospray and electrospinning, the granular and short rod tio _ 2s can be obtained and their morphology can be obtained.Phase structure and photocatalytic degradation of toluene the preparation and properties of TIO _ 2 / polyimide _ Pi composite nanofibers prepared by simultaneous electrospinning of PAA and PVP/TiO_2 precursors and then calcined at high temperature to obtain membrane TiO_2/PIThe composite nanofiber Pi fiber and TiO_2 fiber interlaced the TiO2 fiber to give the material photocatalytic properties and Pi fiber to provide structural strengthening effect and improve the mechanical properties of the fiber membrane.The relationship between the morphology, structure, mechanical properties, photocatalytic properties and the ratio of composite materials. The preparation and properties of nano-fiber films composed of TiO-2 / pan nanofibers were studied. TiO_2/PAN composite fiber membranes were prepared by synchronous electrospinning of PAN and electrostatic sprayed TiO_2 particles.TiO_2 particles were uniformly attached to the surface of the composite fiber membrane. The relationship between the morphology, structure, photocatalytic degradation of toluene gas and air filtration dust and the composite ratio was investigated.The experimental results show that two kinds of composite nanofiber membranes containing TiO_2 prepared by electrostatic spinning technology can effectively purify the air and realize their own recycling, which provides a possible solution for improving the practical use value of TiO_2.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X701

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