本文選題：環(huán)丙沙星　切入點：污泥活性　出處：《上海師范大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：環(huán)丙沙星(Ciprofloxacin,CIP)是一種廣譜抗生素,在全國的抗生素使用中占據(jù)很大的比重,在環(huán)境中檢出率高。CIP穩(wěn)定性好,難生物降解,且極其微量濃度下即可通過誘導抗性基因等對生態(tài)安全和人體健康產(chǎn)生危害。因此,控制CIP的環(huán)境排放至關重要。膜生物反應器(MBR)是一種高效的廢水生物處理裝置,在對抗生素的去除方面,表現(xiàn)出比傳統(tǒng)的生物處理技術更高的處理效率。環(huán)丙沙星生產(chǎn)廢水中含有高濃度的環(huán)丙沙星,濃度高達數(shù)mg·L-1至數(shù)十mg·L-1。本研究采用MBR技術處理模擬的環(huán)丙沙星生產(chǎn)廢水,考察不同CIP濃度下(0 mg·L-1、5 mg·L-1、10 mg·L-1、15 mg·L-1)MBR中活性污泥濃度的變化以及氨氮(NH3-N)、化學需氧量(COD)、總有機碳(TOC)和CIP的去除特性;并基于物料衡算分析了CIP的去除途徑,研究了活性污泥中抗性基因與微生物群落的變化。結果表明:(1)隨著進水CIP濃度的增加,MBR中污泥濃度呈現(xiàn)先減少再平衡后增加的趨勢,這與微生物逐漸適應CIP沖擊和較長的污泥停留時間有關。(2)隨著進水CIP濃度的增加,氨氮去除率持續(xù)降低,表明硝化活性受到抑制;TOC去除效果略有下降,但整體較為穩(wěn)定;COD去除效果逐漸降低,由于CIP抑制了微生物活性或破壞了微生物細胞。(3)物料衡算結果表明,MBR中的CIP主要通過微生物降解和污泥吸附去除。隨著進水CIP濃度的增加,微生物降解對CIP的去除作用先減少后增加,而污泥比吸附速率則先增加后減少。(4)隨著馴化時間的延長,污泥中針對CIP的四種抗性基因gyrA、gyrB、parC和parE均有先降低后升高的變化趨勢,污泥中抗性基因gyrA和gyrB的變化波動較大。(5)高通量測序結果顯示,進水中CIP濃度的增加和脅迫時間的增長,不僅對微生物種群豐度產(chǎn)生了影響,也對微生物種群多樣性產(chǎn)生了影響;從門、綱、目、科、屬級別分別對污泥中微生物群落進一步分析表明,微生物分類單位越小,CIP脅迫所引起的數(shù)量變化越明顯。
[Abstract]:Ciprofloxacinine (CIPP) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic, which accounts for a large proportion of antibiotics used in China. The detection rate of ciprofloxacin in the environment is high. CIP is stable and difficult to biodegrade.And extremely small concentration can induce resistance genes to the ecological safety and human health hazards.Therefore, it is very important to control the environmental emission of CIP.Membrane bioreactor (MBR) is an efficient biological treatment device for wastewater treatment, which has higher efficiency than traditional biological treatment technology in the removal of antibiotics.Ciprofloxacin production wastewater contains high concentration of ciprofloxacin, the concentration of which is as high as several mg L ~ (-1) to several tens mg L ~ (-1).In this study, simulated ciprofloxacin production wastewater was treated with MBR technology. The change of activated sludge concentration in 0 mg / L ~ (-1) 5 mg / L ~ (-1) 10 mg / L ~ (-1) L-1)MBR and the removal characteristics of NH _ 3-N ~ (3 +), COD ~ (2 +), total organic carbon (TOC) and total organic carbon (TOC) in different concentrations of CIP were investigated.Based on the material balance, the CIP removal pathway was analyzed, and the changes of resistance genes and microbial communities in activated sludge were studied.The results showed that the sludge concentration in CIP increased with the increase of influent concentration. The sludge concentration decreased first and then increased, which was related to the microbial adaptation to CIP impact and the longer sludge residence time (CIP) concentration increased with the increase of influent CIP concentration.The removal rate of ammonia nitrogen decreased continuously, which indicated that the removal efficiency of TOC decreased slightly, but the removal efficiency of COD decreased gradually.Because CIP inhibited microbial activity or destroyed microbial cells, the results showed that CIP in MBR was mainly removed by microbial degradation and sludge adsorption.With the increase of influent CIP concentration, the removal of CIP by microbial degradation decreased first and then increased, while the specific adsorption rate of sludge increased first and then decreased.The results of high-throughput sequencing showed that the concentration of CIP and the time of stress increased with the increase of CIP concentration and the change of gyrA and gyrB in sludge.It not only has an effect on the abundance of microbial population, but also on the diversity of microbial population.The smaller the microorganism taxonomic unit, the more obvious the change of quantity caused by CIP stress.
【學位授予單位】：上海師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X703

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