本文選題：超聲電化學(xué)　切入點(diǎn)：高錳酸鉀　出處：《華南理工大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：酚類化合物屬于難降解有機(jī)物,廣泛存在于各行各業(yè),特別是隨著工業(yè)的發(fā)展,水體中的酚類污染物越來越多。由于低含量的酚類物質(zhì)即可造成生物體中毒,近年來酚類物質(zhì)的降解也受到越來越多的關(guān)注。其中較普遍應(yīng)用的就是超聲電化學(xué)法和高級(jí)氧化法。本論文主要開展了以下幾點(diǎn)研究:在已有實(shí)驗(yàn)工作基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)一步探究了單獨(dú)脈沖超聲、單獨(dú)脈沖電化學(xué)、連續(xù)超聲電化學(xué)、脈沖超聲電化學(xué)工藝降解對(duì)硝基苯酚的效果,分析了后三種工藝的反應(yīng)機(jī)理和反應(yīng)動(dòng)力學(xué),并通過對(duì)脈沖超聲電化學(xué)工藝的反應(yīng)總有機(jī)碳和能耗的探索,分析了其實(shí)際工業(yè)操作中的可行性。研究結(jié)果表明,最佳反應(yīng)條件脈沖超聲電化學(xué)工藝在2 h時(shí)處理對(duì)硝基苯酚的效率達(dá)到94.1%,高于連續(xù)超聲電化學(xué)的89.0%和脈沖電化學(xué)的58.9%,其降解情況符合一級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,但降解2 h時(shí)溶液中總有機(jī)碳量基本保持不變,經(jīng)濟(jì)效應(yīng)分析該種方法在工業(yè)上實(shí)施難度較大且不能完全去除污染物。本研究采用高錳酸鉀處理對(duì)硝基苯酚溶液這一更加經(jīng)濟(jì)高效的水處理方法,研究了反應(yīng)溫度、pH、最佳投加量、對(duì)硝基苯酚初始濃度和總有機(jī)碳去除情況。通過對(duì)反應(yīng)過程中生成的二氧化錳MnO2-1與實(shí)驗(yàn)室由高錳酸鉀和水合硫酸錳制備的二氧化錳MnO2-2進(jìn)行FTIR、BET和XRD表征對(duì)比分析,解釋了反應(yīng)中原位生成的MnO2-1可能的作用。實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)高錳酸鉀降解對(duì)硝基苯酚的作用機(jī)理進(jìn)行了TOC、GC-MS和LC-MS分析,推斷了中間產(chǎn)物。研究結(jié)果表明,在實(shí)驗(yàn)條件初始pH=2.0,高錳酸鉀與對(duì)硝基苯酚摩爾比K-P=10,溫度T=40℃,對(duì)硝基苯酚初始濃度200 mg/L的條件下反應(yīng)5 min PNP降解率達(dá)99%以上,原位生成的二氧化錳吸附和氧化作用較小可忽略不計(jì)。該工藝條件同時(shí)適用于低濃度和高濃度的對(duì)硝基苯酚溶液。降解過程中生成了大量對(duì)硝基苯酚二聚體、2,4-二硝基苯酚、對(duì)硝基鄰苯二酚、硝基苯、苯酚、馬來酸等中間化合物,在反應(yīng)進(jìn)行1 h時(shí)總有機(jī)碳的去除率達(dá)到97.9%,確立了一種高效、經(jīng)濟(jì)合理的有機(jī)物處理方法。
[Abstract]:Phenolic compounds are difficult to degrade organic compounds and widely exist in various industries, especially with the development of industry, more and more phenolic pollutants in water. In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the degradation of phenols, among which ultrasonic electrochemical method and advanced oxidation method have been widely used. One step to explore the single pulsed ultrasound, The effect of pulse electrochemistry, continuous ultrasonic electrochemistry and pulse ultrasonic electrochemistry on the degradation of p-nitrophenol was studied. The reaction mechanism and kinetics of the latter three processes were analyzed. By exploring the total organic carbon and energy consumption of pulsed ultrasonic electrochemical process, the feasibility of its practical industrial operation is analyzed. The results show that, The optimum reaction conditions were as follows: the treatment efficiency of p-nitrophenol reached 94.1 at 2 h, which was higher than that of continuous ultrasonic electrochemistry (89.0%) and pulse electrochemistry (58.9%). The degradation of p-nitrophenol was in accordance with the first-order kinetic model. However, the total organic carbon content in the solution remained basically unchanged after 2 h degradation. This method is difficult to implement in industry and can not completely remove pollutants. In this study, potassium permanganate was used to treat p-nitrophenol solution, which is a more economical and efficient water treatment method. The pH of the reaction and the optimum dosage were studied. The initial concentration of p-nitrophenol and the removal of total organic carbon. The manganese dioxide MnO2-1 produced in the reaction process and the manganese dioxide MnO2-2 prepared by potassium permanganate and manganese sulfate hydrate in laboratory were characterized by FTIR BET and XRD. The mechanism of degradation of p-nitrophenol by potassium permanganate was analyzed by TOCX GC-MS and LC-MS, and the intermediate product was inferred. Under the conditions of initial pH 2.0, molar ratio of potassium permanganate to p-nitrophenol 10, temperature 40 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1699744