本文選題：工業(yè)園區(qū)　切入點(diǎn)：土壤重金屬　出處：《中北大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文以山西省朔州市某能源型工業(yè)園區(qū)為研究對(duì)象,采集了工業(yè)園區(qū)表層土壤樣品56個(gè)和亞表層土壤樣品56個(gè),測(cè)定了表層和亞表層土壤的pH、有機(jī)質(zhì)、水分以及7種重金屬元素Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、As、Hg、Cr的含量,并對(duì)表層土壤樣品的7種重金屬元素進(jìn)行了形態(tài)特征分析。結(jié)果表明:(1)土壤pH的變異系數(shù)處于弱程度的變異,表明研究區(qū)土壤pH值受人為因素影響小;土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)、水分、重金屬元素的變異系數(shù)處于中等程度的變異,表明它們受人為活動(dòng)的影響較大,其中元素Hg受人類活動(dòng)的影響比較明顯。表層土壤重金屬Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、As、Hg、Cr的含量均值都超過了山西省土壤背景值,并且重金屬含量隨著土壤深度的加深而減小。(2)運(yùn)用地統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)中的克里金插值分析表層和亞表層土壤重金屬含量的空間分布特征,工業(yè)園區(qū)重金屬元素Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、As、Hg、Cr的高含量都分布在冶金廠的周邊。重金屬元素Cu、Zn、Cd、As、Hg、Cr污染嚴(yán)重的場地為冶金廠、電廠,而重金屬元素Pb污染嚴(yán)重的場地為冶金廠、水泥廠。(3)采用單因子指數(shù)法、內(nèi)梅羅綜合污染指數(shù)、潛在生態(tài)危害指數(shù)法評(píng)價(jià)土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量得出Hg元素污染最為嚴(yán)重,工業(yè)園區(qū)的整體土壤狀況達(dá)到輕微的生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。基于人體健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估得出:采樣點(diǎn)電廠、洗煤廠、冶金廠、水泥廠、居民區(qū)、辦公樓的綜合致癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)值均超過可接受值10-6;采樣點(diǎn)冶金廠、居民區(qū)、辦公樓的綜合危害指數(shù)超過可接受值1。重金屬的致癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、非致癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)貢獻(xiàn)率大小順序分別為CrAsCd、AsCrCdHg。(4)表層土壤元素Cu、Zn、Pb、As、Hg、Cr在采樣點(diǎn)工業(yè)園區(qū)、電廠、洗煤廠、冶金廠、水泥廠、居民區(qū)、辦公樓存在的形態(tài)都是以殘?jiān)鼞B(tài)為主,在堿性土壤環(huán)境下吸附增強(qiáng),土壤膠體對(duì)重金屬的吸附量增加,生物有效性差,故存在的形態(tài)以殘?jiān)鼞B(tài)為主;而Cd在堿性土壤環(huán)境下主要以碳酸鹽和氧化物結(jié)合態(tài)為主,故研究區(qū)域Cd主要以弱酸提取態(tài)和可還原態(tài)存在。風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)編碼法評(píng)估結(jié)果表明,各采樣點(diǎn)的重金屬元素Cd的評(píng)估結(jié)果均為高風(fēng)險(xiǎn),應(yīng)該予以重點(diǎn)關(guān)注。
[Abstract]:In this paper, 56 surface soil samples and 56 subsurface soil samples were collected from an energy type industrial park in Shuozhou City, Shanxi Province. The pH and organic matter of surface and subsurface soils were determined. Water content and the content of 7 heavy metal elements, Cuznznznzhupercr, and the morphological characteristics of 7 heavy metal elements in surface soil samples were analyzed. The results showed that the variation coefficient of soil pH was weak, and the variation coefficient of soil pH was in a weak degree, the results showed that the variation coefficient of soil pH was in a weak degree. The variation coefficients of soil organic matter, water and heavy metal elements are in medium degree, indicating that they are influenced by human activities. Among them, the element Hg is obviously affected by human activities. The mean value of the heavy metal Cu ~ (2 +) ZnPb ~ (2 +) CD ~ (2 +) ~ (2 +) ~ (2 +) HgN ~ (Cr) is higher than the soil background value of Shanxi Province. And the heavy metal content decreases with the deepening of soil depth. (2) using Kriging interpolation in geostatistics to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of heavy metal content in topsoil and subsurface soil. The high content of heavy metal elements, CuOZZZZZN, CDB, CDSU, HgCU, is distributed in the periphery of metallurgical plants. The sites where the heavy metal elements are seriously polluted are metallurgical plants and power plants, while the sites where heavy metal elements are seriously polluted are metallurgical plants, while heavy metal elements such as Pb are seriously polluted in metallurgical plants, and the sites where heavy metal elements are seriously polluted are metallurgical plants. The single factor index method, the Nemero comprehensive pollution index and the potential ecological hazard index method were used to evaluate the soil environmental quality. The results showed that Hg pollution was the most serious. The overall soil condition of the industrial park has reached a slight ecological risk. Based on the human health risk assessment, the following results are obtained: sample point power plants, coal washing plants, metallurgical plants, cement plants, residential areas, The comprehensive carcinogenic risk values of office buildings exceed the acceptable value of 10-6; the comprehensive hazard index of metallurgical plants, residential areas and office buildings in sample sites exceeds the acceptable value 1.The carcinogenic risk of heavy metals, The order of the non-carcinogenic risk contribution rate is CrAsCdCU AsCrCdHg.Hg.Hg. 4) the surface soil element CuOZnZnPbPbPbAsHG / Cr in the sample site industrial park, power plant, coal washing plant, metallurgical plant, cement plant, residential area and office building are all in the form of residue. In alkaline soil, the adsorption of heavy metals increased and the bioavailability of soil colloids increased, so the forms of CD in alkaline soil were mainly residual state, while in alkaline soil environment, carbonate and oxide bound forms were the main forms of CD, while in alkaline soil, the adsorbed amount of heavy metals increased and the bioavailability was poor. Therefore, CD in the study area mainly exists in the form of weak acid extraction and reducible state. The results of risk evaluation and coding method show that the evaluation results of heavy metal elements CD in each sampling point are all high risk and should be paid more attention to.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X53;X825

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