本文選題：剩余污泥　切入點：蒸汽爆破　出處：《江南大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：污水處理廠產(chǎn)生的城市污泥中富含大量有機質(zhì),厭氧發(fā)酵技術(shù)不僅可以將這些有機質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化為可再生能源物質(zhì),還能實現(xiàn)污泥的減量化和無害化,降低污泥對環(huán)境的危害。本文利用蒸汽爆破技術(shù)對城市污泥進行預處理,分析了預處理后污泥理化性質(zhì)的變化,重點研究了不同預處理條件對污泥厭氧發(fā)酵的影響,探討了預處理的條件范圍;同時,還考察了汽爆污泥和餐廚垃圾聯(lián)合中溫厭氧發(fā)酵工藝的可行性。全文的具體研究內(nèi)容和結(jié)果如下:1.通過改變蒸汽爆破預處理的壓強和保壓時間,比較了不同預處理條件下污泥液相中SCOD、蛋白質(zhì)和多糖等有機質(zhì)的溶出效果,并探究了污泥的物理結(jié)構(gòu)及厭氧發(fā)酵產(chǎn)酸性能差異。城市污泥經(jīng)蒸汽爆破預處理后,污泥液相中SCOD從空白對照的253.8 mg/L增加到9544 mg/L,比預處理前提高了37.7倍。多糖、蛋白質(zhì)和核酸濃度分別較空白對照組提高12.5、19.4和3.64倍,且濃度隨著預處理壓強和保壓時間的增加而增加。蒸汽爆破預處理改變了污泥結(jié)構(gòu)和污泥粒徑大小。污泥結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生裂解,同時污泥平均體積粒徑較空白對照組最高減小52.59%。汽爆預處理污泥厭氧發(fā)酵產(chǎn)酸結(jié)果表明,最大產(chǎn)酸率為234.76 mg COD/g VSS,較空白對照提高1.72倍。與其他預處理相對比,蒸汽爆破預處理具有時間短、效果好,能達到較高的產(chǎn)酸率等優(yōu)勢。2.為了探究汽爆預處理強度對污泥厭氧發(fā)酵產(chǎn)沼氣的影響,分別設(shè)置低強度和高強度的汽爆條件對污泥進行預處理,而后用于厭氧發(fā)酵產(chǎn)沼氣,并探討了合適的預處理條件范圍。污泥液相中SCOD、蛋白質(zhì)和多糖濃度隨著預處理強度的增大呈現(xiàn)出上升的趨勢,最高分別達到9718 mg/L、866 mg/L和1457 mg/L(1.5MPa,12min)。在序批厭氧發(fā)酵產(chǎn)沼氣過程中,汽爆污泥沼氣產(chǎn)量顯著提高。最高日產(chǎn)沼氣達到536 m L(1.5MPa,8min),且每日沼氣產(chǎn)量隨著發(fā)酵時間而呈下降趨勢。汽爆預處理污泥最大沼氣產(chǎn)率為122.1mL/g VSadd(1.5MPa,8min),較空白對照提高5.45倍。發(fā)酵過程中pH值處在7.2-7.5的范圍內(nèi),最高氨氮濃度達到1543 mg/L(1.5MPa,12min),沒有對厭氧發(fā)酵過程造成抑制。在較低預處理強度下,沼氣產(chǎn)率隨著預處理強度的增加呈上升的趨勢,當在較高預處理強度(1.5MPa,12min)下,沼氣產(chǎn)率反而降低為107.6 mL/g VSadd。對于城市污泥厭氧發(fā)酵產(chǎn)沼氣,較適合的汽爆預處理強度系數(shù)應低于4.0。3.汽爆污泥和餐廚垃圾共發(fā)酵小試研究在30 L厭氧發(fā)酵罐中進行,通過向汽爆預處理污泥中添加餐廚垃圾進行共發(fā)酵,探討了共發(fā)酵產(chǎn)氣效果和工藝的可行性。厭氧發(fā)酵系統(tǒng)啟動成功后,第二、三、四階段的平均甲烷含量和沼氣產(chǎn)率分別為58.6%和257.1 m L/g VSadd、54.7%和339.2 mL/g VSadd、55.6%和374.6 m L/g VSadd。污泥經(jīng)過汽爆預處理后混合餐廚垃圾共發(fā)酵效果要好于未預處理污泥餐廚垃圾共發(fā)酵和汽爆預處理污泥單獨發(fā)酵。餐廚垃圾的加入不僅穩(wěn)定了反應器運行,還使氨氮濃度從1846.4 mg/L降低至1606.8 mg/L,起到一定的稀釋作用。此外,汽爆預處理污泥-餐廚垃圾共發(fā)酵TS和VS分別降低了44.6%和49.5%。這表明汽爆預處理污泥-餐廚垃圾聯(lián)合中溫厭氧發(fā)酵是可行的處理工藝。
[Abstract]:Rich city sewage treatment plant sludge generated in large amounts of organic matter, anaerobic fermentation technology not only can these organic matter into renewable energy material, but also to achieve reduction and harmless sludge, reducing the harm of sludge on the environment. The city sludge pretreated by steam explosion, after the change of physicochemical properties of sludge the pretreatment is analyzed, focusing on the effects of different pretreatment conditions on anaerobic fermentation of sludge, discusses the conditions of pretreatment; at the same time, also investigated the feasibility of steam explosion temperature anaerobic fermentation process sludge and food waste in the joint. The specific research contents and results are as follows: 1. by changing the pressure of steam explosion processing and packing time, compared the SCOD sludge solution with different pretreatment conditions, the dissolution effect of protein and polysaccharide, organic matter, and explores the physical structure of sludge And the fermentation performance difference. City sludge by steam explosion pretreatment, sludge liquid phase SCOD from the control of 253.8 mg/L increased to 9544 mg/L, than before the pretreatment increased by 37.7 times. The concentration of polysaccharide, protein and nucleic acid were compared with blank control group, the increase of 12.5,19.4 and 3.64 times, and with the concentration of pretreatment increase the pressure and pressure holding time increased. The steam explosion pretreatment changed the structure of the sludge and sludge particle size. The structure of the sludge cracking, and sludge volume average particle diameter than the control group the highest decrease of 52.59%. steam explosion pretreatment of sludge anaerobic fermentation results showed that the maximum rate of acid production was 234.76 mg COD/g VSS. Compared with blank control increased by 1.72 times. Compared with other pretreatment, steam explosion pretreatment has a short time, the effect is good, can achieve a higher rate of acid production of.2. in order to explore the advantages of steam explosion pretreatment on sludge strength Effect of anaerobic fermentation to produce biogas, are respectively provided with low strength and high strength of steam explosion conditions pretreatment of sludge, and then used for biogas production, and discusses the appropriate pretreatment conditions. SCOD sludge liquid phase, protein and polysaccharide concentration with increasing pretreatment intensity showing a rising trend, the highest reached 9718 mg/L, 866 mg/L and 1457 mg/L (1.5MPa, 12min). In the batch fermentation for biogas production in the anaerobic process, the steam explosion was improved. The highest daily biogas production of sludge biogas reached 536 m L (1.5MPa, 8min), and the daily biogas production with fermentation time was decreased. The steam explosion pretreatment of sludge the maximum biogas yield of 122.1mL/g VSadd (1.5MPa, 8min), compared with control increased by 5.45 times. In the fermentation process of pH value in the range of 7.2-7.5, the highest ammonia concentration reached 1543 mg/L (1.5MPa, 12min), not to make the process of anaerobic fermentation Inhibition of. At lower pretreatment intensity, the biogas yield was increased with increasing pretreatment intensity, when the intensity in the higher pre treatment (1.5MPa, 12min), but the biogas yield decreased to 107.6 mL/g VSadd. for biogas fermentation of anaerobic sludge is more suitable for the city, steam explosion pretreatment intensity coefficient should be less than experimental Study on CO fermentation in 30 L fermentor 4.0.3. steam explosion of anaerobic sludge and food waste, food waste by adding to the steam explosion pretreatment of sludge in CO fermentation, discusses the feasibility and effect of CO fermentation gas production process. The anaerobic fermentation system after a successful start, second, third, the four phase of the average methane content and the biogas yield were 58.6% and 257.1 m L/g VSadd, 54.7% mL/g and 339.2 VSadd, 55.6% m and 374.6 L/g VSadd. sludge after steam explosion pretreatment after mixed co fermentation of food waste is better than the untreated sludge Co fermentation of kitchen garbage and steam explosion pretreatment of sludge added kitchen waste fermentation. Separate not only the stability of reactor operation, the ammonia nitrogen concentration decreased from 1846.4 mg/L to 1606.8 mg/L, the dilution effect. In addition, the steam explosion pretreatment of sludge and kitchen garbage were TS and VS respectively reduced fermentation pretreatment sludge - combined temperature anaerobic fermentation of kitchen garbage in the treatment process is feasible and that steam explosion 44.6% 49.5%..

【學位授予單位】：江南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X703;S216.4

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