發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-12 11:57

  本文選題：二級污水　切入點(diǎn)：反滲透　出處：《華北電力大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著世界人口急劇增長,中國城市化及工業(yè)化進(jìn)程的加快,給水環(huán)境治理帶來了巨大的壓力,水體污染和水資源短缺日益加劇,為了緩解水資源緊張的局面,需尋求清潔水源的替代品。尤其是“水十條”發(fā)布后,污水市場迎來了發(fā)展新時(shí)期。在各種非清潔水源中,城市生活污水深度處理后回用必定是解決水資源短缺問題的最佳途徑,發(fā)電行業(yè)耗水量巨大,研究生活污水回用于發(fā)電行業(yè)的節(jié)水意義重大。本文介紹了華能北京熱電廠對84.5MW機(jī)組水處理設(shè)備改造的情況,此次改造通過反滲透技術(shù)將高碑店污水處理廠二級出水回用于北京熱電廠鍋爐給水。該廠鍋爐給水處理系統(tǒng)水源是潮白河向陽閘引來的地表水,處理工藝為預(yù)處理加離子交換,設(shè)計(jì)產(chǎn)水能力為Q=2160 T/H。系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行過程中消耗大量酸堿、嚴(yán)重污染環(huán)境。新系統(tǒng)采水源為高碑店污水處理廠二級污水,處理工藝為超濾反滲透加離子交換除鹽,工藝分為包括前置處理及、除鹽處理兩個(gè)步驟過程:前置處理主要用于去除水中的懸浮物、膠體和有機(jī)物,保證出水有機(jī)物含量及污染指數(shù)(SDI)等水質(zhì)指標(biāo)滿足反滲透及離子交換裝置等后續(xù)設(shè)備進(jìn)水要求。除鹽處理又分為包括預(yù)脫鹽處理及精脫鹽處理兩個(gè)步驟過程,預(yù)脫鹽處理主要利用二級反滲透用于脫除水中大部分的無機(jī)鹽離子即鹽分,精脫鹽處理主要通過離子交換裝置是用于進(jìn)一步對預(yù)脫鹽處理水進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步脫鹽處理。本項(xiàng)目預(yù)脫鹽主要采用的處理設(shè)備為二級反滲透,精脫鹽主要采用的處理設(shè)備為離子交換裝置。通過調(diào)試,系統(tǒng)的出水量穩(wěn)定在每列本項(xiàng)目工藝處理水量為每列150Tt/Hh,可以連續(xù)向主廠房供水量最大出力為540T/H,出水水質(zhì)達(dá)到設(shè)計(jì)要求。一級反滲透系統(tǒng)、二級反滲透系統(tǒng)及離子交換系統(tǒng)的回收率分別為90%,、二級反滲透系統(tǒng)回收率為75%,、離子交換系統(tǒng)的回收率達(dá)到90%。出水水質(zhì)達(dá)到設(shè)計(jì)要求,通過采用新的進(jìn)水源和反滲透技術(shù)的引入,運(yùn)行成本略有提高,但每年可節(jié)約地表水資源1632234噸,廢酸和廢堿排放量與單用離子交換除鹽系統(tǒng)相比減少了90%,大大減少了電廠廢酸堿處理量,降低電廠員工勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度,一定程度上減輕了北京熱電廠廢液排放對環(huán)境的污染。
[Abstract]:With the rapid growth of the world population and the acceleration of China's urbanization and industrialization, great pressure has been brought to the water environment management, water pollution and water resources shortage are worsening day by day, in order to alleviate the situation of water resources shortage, Need to find alternatives to clean water sources. In particular, after the release of the "Ten articles of Water", the sewage market has ushered in a new era of development. In all kinds of non-clean water sources, The reuse of municipal domestic sewage after advanced treatment must be the best way to solve the problem of water shortage, and the water consumption of power generation industry is huge. It is of great significance to study the water saving of domestic sewage reuse in power generation industry. This paper introduces the retrofit of 84.5MW unit water treatment equipment in Huaneng Beijing Thermal Power Plant. Through reverse osmosis technology, the secondary effluent from Gaobeidian sewage treatment Plant was reused in the boiler feed water of Beijing Thermal Power Plant. The water source of the boiler feedwater treatment system of the plant is the surface water from the Chaobaihe Xiangyang Gate. The treatment process is pretreatment and ion exchange. The designed water production capacity is QF 2160T / H. A large amount of acid and alkali is consumed during the operation of the system, which seriously pollutes the environment. The water source of the new system is Gaobeidian sewage treatment plant secondary sewage, and the treatment process is ultrafiltration reverse osmosis plus ion exchange desalination. The process can be divided into two steps: pretreatment and desalination: the pre-treatment is mainly used to remove suspended matter, colloid and organic matter in water. To ensure that the effluent organic content and pollution index (SDI) and other water quality indexes meet the influent requirements of the follow-up equipment such as reverse osmosis and ion exchange equipment. The desalination process is divided into two steps: predesalting treatment and refined desalting treatment. The pre-desalting treatment mainly uses secondary reverse osmosis to remove most of the inorganic salt ions in water, that is, salt. The refined desalting treatment is mainly used for further desalination of pre-desalting water by ion exchange device. The main treatment equipment used in this project is secondary reverse osmosis. The main treatment equipment used for refined desalting is ion exchange device. The water output of the system is stable at 150 t / h per column, and the maximum output capacity to the main plant can be 540T / H continuously. The effluent quality meets the design requirements. The first stage reverse osmosis system, The recoveries of the secondary reverse osmosis system and the ion exchange system are 90, respectively, the recovery rate of the secondary reverse osmosis system is 75 and the recovery rate of the ion exchange system is 90. The effluent quality meets the design requirements, and through the introduction of new water intake and reverse osmosis technology, The operation cost is slightly increased, but 1632234 tons of surface water resources can be saved each year. Compared with the single ion exchange desalination system, the discharge of waste acid and waste alkali can be reduced by 90%, and the treatment capacity of waste acid and alkali in power plant will be greatly reduced, and the labor intensity of power plant staff will be reduced. To some extent, it alleviates the environmental pollution caused by waste liquid discharged from Beijing thermal power plant.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X703

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