本文關鍵詞： 養(yǎng)殖水體 海藻 海馬齒 凈化 細菌多樣性　出處：《中山大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：本文開展了“海馬齒與海藻協(xié)同凈化養(yǎng)殖水體技術的實驗研究”,通過優(yōu)化工藝控制參數(shù),得到凈化水質的最佳密度配比,以期為治理養(yǎng)殖水體污染、構建有針對性的生物修復工程提供理論依據(jù);同時運用HiSeq測序技術,對樣品中的16S rDNA V4區(qū)測序,進而對未經(jīng)處理的養(yǎng)殖水體、植物—海藻聯(lián)合凈化下的綜合養(yǎng)殖水體、石莼表面以及海馬齒根系中細菌群落組成進行比較和多樣性分析,以期探究海馬齒與海藻的加入對養(yǎng)殖水體中細菌群落組成的影響。主要結果如下:(1)開展了不同養(yǎng)殖密度的滸苔、石莼以及不同種植密度的海馬齒對養(yǎng)殖水體的凈化實驗。結果表明:滸苔的凈化效果并不是很理想;石莼養(yǎng)殖密度為2g/L時,凈化處理效果最佳,石莼的凈化效果要遠好于滸苔的凈化效果;海馬齒的種植密度為1.5株/L時,凈化處理效果最佳。(2)開展了海馬齒和石莼單一與協(xié)同凈化處理養(yǎng)殖水體的比較實驗。結果表明石莼和海馬齒對養(yǎng)殖水體有凈化作用,凈化效果表現(xiàn)為:混合組(海馬齒+石莼)石莼組(只投放石莼)海馬齒組(只栽種海馬齒)空白對照組,混合組對養(yǎng)殖水體中各項水質指標的降解效果最好,實驗結果充分證明了海馬齒和石莼協(xié)同作用對養(yǎng)殖水體水質具有明顯的改善作用。(3)開展了不同配比的海馬齒和石莼協(xié)同凈化養(yǎng)殖水體的實驗表明,C組(6.36g/L海馬齒+1g/L石莼),即2株/L海馬齒搭配1g/L石莼對養(yǎng)殖水體的凈化效果最好,為最佳的配比。(4)四組樣品中的細菌相對豐度排名前10的門均為:變形菌門(Proteobacteria),藍藻門(Cyanobacteria),放線菌門(Actinobacteria),擬桿菌門(Bacteroidetes),浮霉菌門(Planctomycetes),疣微菌門(Verrucomicrobia),綠菌門(Chlorobi),厚壁菌門(Firmicutes),TM6,衣原體門(Chlamydiae)。四組樣品中的細菌相對豐度排名前10的屬均為:聚球藻屬(Synechococcus),食堿菌屬(Alcanivorax),分支桿菌屬(Mycobacterium),假單胞菌屬(Pseudomonas)、Thalassotalea、海單胞菌屬(Marinomonas)、魯杰氏菌屬(Ruggeria)、Catenovulum。(5)通過稀釋曲線分析四組樣品的取樣深度,發(fā)現(xiàn)四組樣品變化趨勢相似,隨著測序量的增加均呈現(xiàn)先顯著上升然后趨于平穩(wěn)的變化趨勢,最后基本達到飽和,證明了取樣深度合理。由Rank Abundance曲線可知,四組樣品所對應曲線的斜率均較大,表明存在優(yōu)勢菌;橫向跨度較大,分類豐富度從大到小排序為XWS2XWS3XWS1XWS4。在Alpha多樣性指數(shù)組間差異分析中,比較各組Observed_species指數(shù)得知XWS2組物種數(shù)量顯著大于XWS1組(P0.05),XWS2組物種數(shù)量顯著大于XWS4組(P0.05),其余各組之間在物種數(shù)量上則無顯著性差異(P0.05);比較各組Shannon指數(shù)可知這四組樣品的細菌多樣性從大到小排序為XWS2、XWS1、XWS3、XWS4。由此可見,海馬齒和石莼的加入促進了養(yǎng)殖水體中的微生物多樣性。
[Abstract]:In this paper, an experimental study on the cooperative purification of culture water by sea horse teeth and seaweed was carried out. The optimum density ratio of purified water was obtained by optimizing the technological control parameters, in order to control the pollution of culture water. At the same time, using HiSeq sequencing technology, the 16s rDNA V4 region in the sample was sequenced, and then the untreated culture water and the integrated culture water under the combined purification of plant and seaweed were obtained. The composition and diversity of bacterial community in the surface of Ulva pertusa and the root system of sea horse tooth were compared and analyzed. The main results were as follows: (1) Enteromorpha enteromorpha with different culture densities was carried out. The purification experiments of Ulva pertusa and sea horse teeth with different planting density showed that the purification effect of Enteromorpha enteromorpha was not ideal, and the purification effect was the best when the density of culturing Ulva pertusa was 2 g / L. The purifying effect of Ulva pertusa was much better than that of Enteromorpha margin, and when the planting density of sea horse teeth was 1.5 / L, The results showed that Ulva pertussis and Ulva pertusa could purify the culture water body, and the results showed that Lactuca pertussis and Ulva pertusa could purify the culture water. The purifying effect was as follows: the mixture group (Ulva pertusa) and Ulva pertusa group (only put in Ulva pertusa) as blank control group, the mixed group had the best degradation effect on each water quality index in the culture water. The experimental results fully proved that the synergistic effect of sea horse tooth and Ulva pertusa on the water quality of cultured water was obviously improved. (3) the experiment of different proportion of sea horse tooth and Ulva pertusa synergistically purifying the culture water body showed that group C had 6.36 g / L sea horse tooth. 1 g / L Ulva pertusa, that is, 2 / L L sea horse teeth combined with 1 g / L Ulva pertusa, has the best purification effect on the cultured water body. The highest relative abundance of bacteria in the four groups were Proteobacteriae, Cyanobacteriae, Actinobacteriae, Bacteroidetesa, Planctomycetesus, Verrucombe microbiae, Chlorobiella, Firmicutesus 6, Chlamydia chlamydia 6, Chlorobiella, Firmicutesus 6, Bacteroidetesa, Planctomycetesus, Verrucombe microbiae, Chlorobiella, Firmicutesus 6, Chlamydia, Chlorobianum, Cyanobacterium, Actinobacteriae, Bacteroidetesa, Planctomycetesus, Verrucombiella, Chlorobiella, Firmicutesus, Chlamydia. The relative abundance of bacteria in the four groups were: Synechococcus, Alcanivoraxia, Mycobacterium, Thalassotalea, Marinomonas, Ruggeriae, Catenovulum. 5) the sampling depth of the four groups was analyzed by dilution curve. It was found that the change trend of the four groups of samples was similar. With the increase of sequencing quantity, all samples showed a trend of significant increase and then tended to steady, and finally reached saturation, which proved that the sampling depth was reasonable. The Rank Abundance curve showed that the sampling depth was reasonable. The slope of the corresponding curves of the four groups of samples were all large, indicating the existence of dominant bacteria, and the horizontal span was larger, and the classification richness was ranked from large to small to XWS2XWS3XWS1XWS4. in the analysis of the differences between groups of Alpha diversity indices, Comparison of Observed_species index showed that the number of species in the XWS2 group was significantly larger than that in the XWS1 group P0.05XWS2 group was significantly larger than that in the XWS4 group, but there was no significant difference in the number of species among the other groups. The comparison of the Shannon index among the four groups revealed the fineness of the four groups. The sequence of bacterial diversity from large to small is XWS2, XWS1, XWS3, XWS4. The addition of sea horse teeth and Ulva pertussis promoted the microbial diversity in aquaculture water.
【學位授予單位】：中山大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X714;X52

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 袁星;林彥彥;黃建榮;黎祖福;;海馬齒生態(tài)浮床對海水養(yǎng)殖池塘的修復效果[J];安徽農(nóng)業(yè)科學;2016年14期

2 西瓦;;海洋:我不是垃圾場[J];海洋世界;2016年04期

3 張強;;水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖常用藥物和敏感性試驗研究進展[J];北京農(nóng)業(yè);2015年31期

4 劉俊強;;水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖水體污染及微生物修復的探討[J];畜牧獸醫(yī)科技信息;2015年06期

5 蒙寬宏;劉延濱;張玲;張文達;孫一萌;曹焱;;蘆葦與香蒲對水中總磷總氮凈化能力研究[J];環(huán)境科學與管理;2014年11期

6 蔣禮平;吳宗文;梁勤朗;陳章;李莉;帥柯;高啟平;;南方鲇池塘底排污養(yǎng)殖模式研究及效益分析[J];科學養(yǎng)魚;2014年11期

7 王悅明;王繼富;李鑫;陳丹寧;周禹瑩;;石油污染土壤微生物修復技術研究進展[J];環(huán)境工程;2014年08期

8 李磊;于彥龍;王長進;;大型海藻對養(yǎng)殖廢水營養(yǎng)鹽吸收與生物修復[J];城市地理;2014年12期

9 吳偉;范立民;;水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖環(huán)境的污染及其控制對策[J];中國農(nóng)業(yè)科技導報;2014年02期

10 喬培培;陳丕茂;秦傳新;李娜;;利用微生物凈水研究進展[J];廣東農(nóng)業(yè)科學;2014年01期

相關會議論文 前2條

1 張志英;黃凌風;姜丹;鄭新慶;謝天宏;林玉美;洪清波;;浮床種植海馬齒對富營養(yǎng)化海水氮、磷移除能力的初步研究[A];中國環(huán)境科學學會2009年學術年會論文集（第二卷）[C];2009年

2 孟霞;賈曉平;黃洪輝;古小莉;;微生物在海水養(yǎng)殖環(huán)境調(diào)控與修復中的研究進展[A];泛珠三角區(qū)域漁業(yè)經(jīng)濟合作論壇第三次年會會議論文[C];2008年

相關碩士學位論文 前10條

1 原曉艷;海岸帶石油降解菌的分離及多樣性分析[D];青島理工大學;2015年

2 趙蕊;慢性乙型病毒性肝炎患者腸道微生態(tài)的研究[D];廣西醫(yī)科大學;2015年

3 杜錦;滸苔對營養(yǎng)鹽吸收特性及與赤潮藻競爭關系的初步研究[D];中國海洋大學;2014年

4 彭霈;我國海水養(yǎng)殖污染問題與其治理研究[D];中國海洋大學;2014年

5 鄭輝;貝藻混養(yǎng)協(xié)同凈化水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖廢水技術研究[D];河北科技大學;2014年

6 張桐雨;幾種海藻對養(yǎng)殖廢水中氮磷去除率的研究[D];海南大學;2014年

7 賴龍玉;鮑藻混養(yǎng)模式的研究[D];集美大學;2014年

8 楊芳;浮床種植海馬齒根際微生物的多樣性及對多環(huán)芳烴的降解作用研究[D];廈門大學;2013年

9 孫瓊花;大型海藻對養(yǎng)殖廢水營養(yǎng)鹽吸收及海區(qū)的生物修復[D];福建師范大學;2013年

10 唐紅亮;重污染池塘水體富營養(yǎng)化生態(tài)修復技術及實例研究[D];華南理工大學;2012年

，

本文編號：1552370