本文關(guān)鍵詞： 蛋雞場 肉雞場 生物氣溶膠 抗生素抗性基因 條件致病菌　出處：《環(huán)境科學(xué)》2017年02期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：集約化養(yǎng)殖場被認(rèn)為是空氣環(huán)境中抗性基因和致病菌的重要來源.本研究采集了養(yǎng)雞場糞便和舍內(nèi)外空氣樣本,對其抗生素抗性基因和條件致病菌的種類進(jìn)行分析,包括五類抗生素(β-內(nèi)酰胺類的23個基因、四環(huán)素23個基因、喹諾酮5個基因、磺胺類5個基因和紅霉素2個基因)抗性基因、5種條件致病菌(腸球菌屬、大腸桿菌屬、葡萄球菌屬、彎曲桿菌屬和產(chǎn)氣莢膜梭狀芽胞桿菌屬各1個基因)以及一類整合子(int I1)特異基因;并利用熒光定量PCR對檢出率較高的典型基因濃度進(jìn)行檢測.結(jié)果顯示,空氣中5類抗生素抗性基因分別檢出8、7、2、3和2個,同時檢測到兩種致病菌.目標(biāo)基因在舍內(nèi)空氣中的檢出率小于等于糞便樣本.蛋雞和肉雞舍內(nèi)空氣中總細(xì)菌基因(16S r DNA)濃度為106copies·m-3,其他典型基因濃度約104copies·m-3,且在舍外的濃度要遠(yuǎn)低于舍內(nèi).抗生素抗性基因和條件致病菌基因在空氣中所占比例高于糞便,舍內(nèi)高于舍外.初步研究結(jié)果表明,糞便可能是舍內(nèi)抗生素抗性基因、條件致病基因以及一類整合子的重要來源.本研究結(jié)果將為集約化養(yǎng)殖場抗生素抗性基因和致病菌的來源分析,以及養(yǎng)殖場對周邊空氣環(huán)境污染的風(fēng)險評估提供基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù).
[Abstract]:Intensive farms are considered as an important source of resistant genes and pathogenic bacteria in the air environment. In this study, the feces of chicken farms and the indoor and outdoor air samples were collected, and the antibiotic resistance genes and the species of conditioned pathogens were analyzed. Including 5 antibiotic resistance genes (23 genes of 尾 -lactams, 23 genes of tetracycline, 5 genes of quinolone, 5 genes of sulfamide and 2 genes of erythromycin), 5 kinds of conditional pathogens (Enterococcus, E. coli, Staphylococcus, campylobacter and Clostridium perfringens (1 gene each) and a class of integron int I1) genes were detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR. 5 antibiotic resistance genes were detected in the air. At the same time, two kinds of pathogenic bacteria were detected. The detection rate of target gene in indoor air was less than that of fecal sample. The concentration of total bacterial gene 16s r DNA was 106copies 路m-3 in the air of laying hens and broilers, and the concentration of other typical genes was about 104copies 路m-3outside the house. Antibiotic resistance genes and conditioned pathogen genes account for a higher proportion of the air than in feces. The preliminary results showed that feces might be a gene of antibiotic resistance. The results of this study will provide basic data for the analysis of antibiotic resistance genes and pathogenic bacteria in intensive farms and the risk assessment of ambient air pollution.
【作者單位】： 北京市農(nóng)林科學(xué)院生物技術(shù)研究中心農(nóng)業(yè)基因資源與生物技術(shù)北京市重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;北京市平谷區(qū)動物衛(wèi)生監(jiān)督所;農(nóng)業(yè)部都市農(nóng)業(yè)(北方)重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51308047) 家禽產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系北京市創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)專項(xiàng)(BAIC04-2016) 北京市農(nóng)林科學(xué)院科技創(chuàng)新能力建設(shè)專項(xiàng)(KJCX20151204) 北京市科技新星項(xiàng)目(Z151100000315058) 北京市優(yōu)秀人才項(xiàng)目(2014000020060G178)
【分類號】：X51

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