本文關(guān)鍵詞： 北京 揮發(fā)性有機(jī)物 時(shí)空分布 化學(xué)反應(yīng)活性　出處：《中國(guó)環(huán)境科學(xué)》2017年10期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：2014年在北京市城市對(duì)照點(diǎn)定陵(城市背景點(diǎn))、東四(城區(qū)點(diǎn))和永樂(lè)店(東南區(qū)域傳輸點(diǎn))3個(gè)不同功能站點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了為期一年的大氣揮發(fā)性有機(jī)物連續(xù)自動(dòng)觀測(cè),測(cè)定了包括含氧VOCs在內(nèi)的98種揮發(fā)性有機(jī)物,系統(tǒng)分析了北京地區(qū)大氣VOCs的組成特征、時(shí)空分布特征及大氣化學(xué)活性.結(jié)果表明,北京市大氣VOCs的年均體積分?jǐn)?shù)為(47.36±13.78)×10-9,化學(xué)組成以烷烴為主,占39.55%,其次是OVOCs,再次是烯烴和芳香烴.中心城區(qū)點(diǎn)和東南區(qū)域傳輸點(diǎn)的VOCs濃度水平顯著高于城市背景點(diǎn).中心城區(qū)點(diǎn)VOCs受交通源和生活燃?xì)馀欧庞绊戯@著,東南區(qū)域傳輸點(diǎn)受交通源和工業(yè)溶劑源影響顯著,而城市背景點(diǎn)則受上風(fēng)城區(qū)傳輸影響大.總VOCs濃度季節(jié)變化整體表現(xiàn)為冬高、夏低的特點(diǎn).受污染來(lái)源的差異影響,不同點(diǎn)位的不同組分表現(xiàn)出并不相同的日變化特征.甲苯/苯的比值分析顯示,北京地區(qū)冬季采暖期燃煤影響突出,春夏季溶劑揮發(fā)貢獻(xiàn)增加.北京VOCs大氣化學(xué)活性以烯烴為主,其次是芳香烴和OVOCs,關(guān)鍵活性組分有乙烯、乙醛、間/對(duì)-二甲苯、甲苯、丙烯、鄰-二甲苯、乙苯、正丁烷、1-丁烯和丙醛等.
[Abstract]:In 2014, continuous automatic observation of atmospheric volatile organic compounds (VOC) was carried out at three different functional stations of Dingling (urban background point), Dongsi (urban area) and Yonglidian (southeastern transmission point) in Beijing. 98 volatile organic compounds, including oxygen-containing VOCs, were determined. The composition, space-time distribution and atmospheric chemical activity of atmospheric VOCs in Beijing were systematically analyzed. The average annual volume fraction of atmospheric VOCs in Beijing is 47.36 鹵13.78 脳 10 ~ (-9). The VOCs concentration of the central urban area and the southeastern transport point was significantly higher than that of the urban background point. The VOCs in the central urban area was significantly affected by traffic sources and domestic gas emissions. The transport sites in the southeast region were significantly affected by traffic sources and industrial solvent sources, while the urban background points were greatly affected by the transport in the upper urban areas. The seasonal variation of total VOCs concentrations was characterized by winter high and summer low, and affected by the difference of pollution sources. The analysis of toluene / benzene ratio shows that the influence of coal burning during the winter heating period in Beijing area is obvious. In spring and summer, the contribution of solvent volatilization was increased. The atmospheric chemical activity of VOCs in Beijing was mainly olefin, followed by aromatic hydrocarbons and OVOCs. The key active components were ethylene, acetaldehyde, m-p-xylene, toluene, propylene, o-xylene, ethylbenzene. N-butane 1-butene and allaldehyde, etc.
【作者單位】： 北京市環(huán)境保護(hù)監(jiān)測(cè)中心;大氣顆粒物監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)北京市重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;北京市環(huán)境保護(hù)局;
【基金】：環(huán)保公益性行業(yè)科研專項(xiàng)(201409005) 國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃課題(2016YFC0208500,2016YFC0208502)
【分類號(hào)】：X51

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