發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-02-02 19:02

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 小球藻 活性污泥 染料 藻菌共生體系　出處：《石河子大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：微藻具有攝取N、P等營養(yǎng)鹽和有機(jī)物的功能,在與活性污泥構(gòu)建共生體系后,利用兩者間的相互作用將廢水中的營養(yǎng)鹽合成自身細(xì)胞物質(zhì),有效去除污水中的氮、磷和有機(jī)物,從而使廢水達(dá)到凈化的目的。由于生化法處理染料廢水的需要,許多可降解染料的微生物被挖掘,微藻作為一種可降解染料的微生物也被廣泛研究,但不同微生物其降解機(jī)制、對(duì)染料脫色效果均存在很大的差異。本論文以課題組前期篩選到的可降解分散藍(lán)2BLN的小球藻C.sorokiniana XJK和活性污泥為研究對(duì)象,解析小球藻、活性污泥的染料脫色機(jī)理,以脫色率為指標(biāo),構(gòu)建小球藻-活性污泥體系處理分散藍(lán)2BLN染料廢水,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果如下:(1)利用小球藻C.sorokiniana XJK處理分散藍(lán)2BLN廢水,考察培養(yǎng)條件對(duì)小球藻處理染料廢水的影響,以脫色率為指標(biāo),獲得最佳脫色條件為:染料濃度60 mg/L、接種量8?106 cell/mL、初始pH 4、光照強(qiáng)度470μmol/(m2·s)和CO2通氣量為1%,脫色率為83%;同時(shí)獲得生物量570 mg/L和油脂含量43%。通過UV-vis、FTIR、GC-MS和木質(zhì)素降解酶測(cè)定的分析方法,研究小球藻降解染料分散藍(lán)2BLN的機(jī)理,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)染料在560 nm處的最大吸收峰消失,發(fā)色基團(tuán)斷裂,并生成七種小分子物質(zhì),譬如乙苯、乙酸乙酯、丙胺等;此外,小球藻分泌地漆酶和MnP在降解分散藍(lán)2BLN過程中發(fā)揮著重要作用,培養(yǎng)5天后分別獲得3.89 U/mL和4.86 U/mL。(2)活性污泥對(duì)染料去除研究及其組成研究:以活性污泥為實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象,研究活性污泥的吸附特性以及水質(zhì)條件對(duì)染料脫色和污染物的去除情況,結(jié)果表明:活性污泥對(duì)染料的吸附符合假二級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型和Fredundlich等溫吸附模型。在投加2.5 g污泥,初始pH為8和葡萄糖濃度為0.5 g/L條件下,有利于染料脫色和去除COD等污染物�；钚晕勰嗌鷳B(tài)系統(tǒng)中94.93%歸屬于細(xì)菌域,變形菌門(75.46%)是最豐富的門類,其次是綠彎菌(4.58%)、擬桿菌(3.4%)和浮霉菌(1.96%)。同時(shí)還檢測(cè)到古菌域(0.33%)、真核域(0.24%)、綠藻門(0.01%)及未匹配到的物種。(3)小球藻-活性污泥體系構(gòu)建及其對(duì)染料廢水的處理優(yōu)化,結(jié)果表明,藻菌體系處理廢水的效率高于單藻和單污泥體系,最佳體系中小球藻和污泥的接種量濃度分別為8?106 cell/mL,污泥量為1.5 g/L。在初始pH為7、Na2SO4濃度為5 g/L和葡萄糖作為碳源的條件下,藻菌體系脫色效果最好,且對(duì)COD和TP的去除率均在90%以上。將活性污泥與小球藻置于同一體系,不僅提高了微生物的沉降性能,且對(duì)實(shí)際染料廢水處理效果好,COD、氨氮和總磷的去除率分別為75%、46%和94%。以上結(jié)果說明藻菌體系有利于提高微生物處理染料廢水的能力,是一種較為經(jīng)濟(jì)有效的生物處理方法,具有一定應(yīng)用潛力。
[Abstract]:Microalgae have the function of ingesting nutrients such as NBP and organic matter. After constructing a symbiotic system with activated sludge, the nutrient salt in wastewater is synthesized into self-cellular substance by the interaction of the two. The removal of nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matter in wastewater is effective, so that the wastewater can achieve the purpose of purification. Because of the need of biochemistry to treat dye wastewater, many biodegradable microbes have been excavated. Microalgae as a biodegradable dye microorganism is also widely studied, but the degradation mechanism of different microorganisms. The effect of decolorization on dye is very different. C. sorokiniana, a biodegradable Chlorella sp. 2BLN, was selected by our research group in the early stage. XJK and activated sludge were studied. The mechanism of dye decolorization of Chlorella vulgaris and activated sludge was analyzed. Based on the decolorization rate, a Chlorella vulgaris activated sludge system was constructed for the treatment of disperse blue 2BLN dye wastewater. The experimental results were as follows: 1) using C. sorokiniana XJK to treat disperse blue 2BLN wastewater, the effects of culture conditions on the treatment of dye wastewater by Chlorella vulgaris were investigated. The optimum decolorization conditions are as follows: dye concentration 60 mg / L, inoculation amount 8? 106 cell / mL, initial pH 4, light intensity 470 渭 mol/(m2 路s) and CO2 ventilation volume was 1 and decolorization rate was 83%; At the same time, the biomass of 570 mg/L and the oil content of 43g were determined by UV-vis-FTIR GC-MS and lignin degrading enzyme. The mechanism of degradation of dye disperse blue 2BLN by Chlorella vulgaris was studied. It was found that the maximum absorption peak of dye disappeared at 560 nm, the chromophore was broken, and seven small molecular substances, such as ethylbenzene, were formed. Ethyl acetate, propylamine, etc.; In addition, the secretion of laccase and MnP by Chlorella vulgaris plays an important role in the degradation of disperse blue 2BLN. After 5 days of culture, 3.89 U / mL and 4.86 U / mL / mL activated sludge were obtained respectively. The adsorption characteristics of activated sludge and the removal of dyes and pollutants by water quality conditions were studied. The results showed that the adsorption of dyes by activated sludge was in accordance with pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Fredundlich isothermal adsorption model, and 2.5 g sludge was added. The initial pH of 8 and glucose concentration of 0.5 g / L were favorable for dye decolorization and COD removal. 94.93% in the activated sludge ecosystem belonged to the bacterial domain. (75.46) is the most abundant category, followed by Chlorophyllum (4.58). Bacteroides (3.4) and floating fungus (1.96). At the same time, it was also detected that the ancient bacteria field was 0.33 and the eukaryon area was 0.24). Construction of Chlorella microphylla activated sludge system and optimization of dye wastewater treatment. The efficiency of treatment of wastewater by algal bacteria system is higher than that of single algae and single sludge system. The inoculation concentration of Chlorella vulgaris and sludge in the optimal system is 8? When the initial pH was 7g / L and the concentration of Na _ 2SO _ 4 was 5 g / L and glucose was used as carbon source, the best decolorization effect was obtained. The removal rates of both COD and TP were above 90%. Putting the activated sludge and Chlorella vulgaris in the same system not only improved the settling performance of microorganism, but also had a good effect on the treatment of dye wastewater. The removal rates of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus were 75% and 94% respectively. The results showed that the algal bacteria system was beneficial to improve the ability of microbial treatment of dye wastewater and was a more economical and effective biological treatment method. It has certain application potential.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：石河子大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X703;X17

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