本文關(guān)鍵詞：徒駭河流域水環(huán)境現(xiàn)狀評價及管理模式優(yōu)化　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：水環(huán)境質(zhì)量評價是了解水環(huán)境質(zhì)量的現(xiàn)狀的基礎(chǔ),能夠確定水環(huán)境質(zhì)量的主要污染因子及污染來源。水環(huán)境質(zhì)量管理評價能夠全面掌握流域水環(huán)境管理現(xiàn)狀水平及水環(huán)境管理水平的年際變化特征。兩者結(jié)合,有利于有針對性制定改善水環(huán)境質(zhì)量的管理方案和對策,提出水環(huán)境質(zhì)量優(yōu)化管理模式,控制和改善流域水環(huán)境質(zhì)量。本文以徒駭河流域聊城段水環(huán)境為研究對象,對流域水環(huán)境質(zhì)量評價進行評價并建立了流域水環(huán)境管理水平評價體系,針對水環(huán)境管理存在的問題,提出了流域水環(huán)境管理模式優(yōu)化,研究內(nèi)容如下:(1)對徒駭河流域聊城段2015年水環(huán)境質(zhì)量進行評價。構(gòu)建了基于熵權(quán)法和超標(biāo)倍數(shù)法賦權(quán)重的模糊數(shù)學(xué)水質(zhì)評價方法,對徒駭河聊城段9個監(jiān)測斷面的水環(huán)境污染現(xiàn)狀進行模糊評價,確定5個評價因子分別是溶解氧(DO)、化學(xué)需氧量(COD)、氨氮(NH3-N)、總磷(TP)、氟化物(F-),得出的各斷面水污染特征,提出徒駭河流域聊城段的主要污染物為化學(xué)需氧量(COD)、氨氮。(2)構(gòu)建徒駭河流域聊城段水環(huán)境管理評價指標(biāo)體系。評價體系選取流域水資源量管理、流域水環(huán)境控制管理、流域社會經(jīng)濟狀況、流域生態(tài)建設(shè)管理、流域管理屬性5個準(zhǔn)則層共30個評價指標(biāo)。利用熵權(quán)法確定30個評價指標(biāo)的權(quán)重值,利用評價模型法對2010年至2015年徒駭河流域水環(huán)境管理水平進行綜合評價。評價結(jié)果顯示:2015年5個準(zhǔn)則層中,流域政府管理歷年排名第一,流域生態(tài)建設(shè)管理排名第二,流域水環(huán)境控制管理排名第三,流域社會經(jīng)濟排名第四,流域水資源管理的管理水平排名第六,公眾參與排名第五。2010年至2015年,徒駭河流域聊城段水環(huán)境管理水平逐年提高,但流域水資源管理水平略有下降,可通過推行節(jié)約用水、加強污水治理、提高流域工業(yè)用水及農(nóng)業(yè)灌溉效率增加流域可用水資源量;流域水資源控制管理水平2011年最低,2011年至2015年呈上升趨勢,表明流域?qū)嵤读饔蛑攸c污染源控制十二五規(guī)劃》后,化學(xué)需氧量、氨氮等污染物的排放量得到了一定的控制,流域新增污染治理項目有較高的執(zhí)行率,污染控制水平不斷提升;流域社會經(jīng)濟水平逐年上升,與流域經(jīng)濟不斷發(fā)展的實際相符;流域生態(tài)環(huán)境建設(shè)管理水平及流域政府管理水平不斷上升。(3)提出水環(huán)境管理模式優(yōu)化。針對徒駭河流域水環(huán)境管理存在的問題,從完善管理體制、健全法律體系、加強水價、水權(quán)、生態(tài)補償制度等市場經(jīng)濟手段以及加強企業(yè)、社區(qū)、非政府組織及所有公民參與等方面提出流域水環(huán)境管理優(yōu)化模式。通過本論文的研究,提出了基于熵權(quán)法和超標(biāo)倍數(shù)法賦權(quán)重的模糊數(shù)學(xué)水環(huán)境質(zhì)量評價方法,構(gòu)建了徒駭河流域水環(huán)境管理評價體系。為實現(xiàn)優(yōu)化流域水環(huán)境管理模式提供了科學(xué)的方法和依據(jù),保證了研究的科學(xué)性、客觀性與準(zhǔn)確性。從流域水環(huán)境質(zhì)量及流域水環(huán)境管理存在的問題入手,有針對性的提出徒駭河流域水環(huán)境管理模式優(yōu)化的具體措施,有利于提高流域水環(huán)境質(zhì)量和流域水環(huán)境管理水平,更有利于促進徒駭河流域整體環(huán)境質(zhì)量的提升。
[Abstract]:Water quality evaluation is the basis to understand the current situation of water environmental quality, water quality of the environment to determine the main pollution factors and pollution sources. The water environment quality management evaluation can fully grasp the characteristics of interannual variation of watershed situation of water environment management and water environment management level. The combination is beneficial to the development of management plans and Countermeasures to improve the quality of water environment, puts forward the optimization model of water environmental quality management, control and improve the quality of water environment. Based on the water environment of Liaocheng section of Tuhai River Basin as the research object, to evaluate the water environmental quality assessment and the establishment of the evaluation system of river basin water environment management, aiming at the existing problems of water environment management, put forward the basin water environmental management model optimization. The research contents are as follows: (1) to evaluate the Liaocheng section of the Tuhai River Basin in 2015, the water quality of the environment is constructed based on entropy. Water quality evaluation method of fuzzy mathematics method and multiple method to weight exceed the standard, current situation of water pollution in Liaocheng section of the Tuhai River 9 monitoring sections of fuzzy evaluation, determine the 5 evaluation factors are dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), total phosphorus (TP). Fluoride (F-), each section of the water pollution characteristics, puts forward the main pollutants of Tuhai River Basin in Liaocheng section of the chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen (2). The construction and the Liaocheng section of the Tuhai River Basin water environment management evaluation index system. The evaluation system of selection of river basin water resources management, environmental management of watershed control water, social economic situation of river basin, river basin ecological construction management, watershed management attribute 5 criteria layer 30 evaluation indices. To determine the weight value of 30 evaluation indexes by using entropy method, the evaluation model of comprehensive evaluation method for the 2010 to 2015 the Tuhai River Basin water environment management level Price. The evaluation results show that the 2015 5 rule layer, in government management over the years ranked first, ecological construction management ranked second, the basin water environment control management ranked third, ranked fourth in the social economy in the basin, basin water resources management level ranked sixth, public participation ranked fifth.2010 to 2015, the level of water environment management Liaocheng Hai River Basin and increased year by year, but the level of management of river basin water resources decreased slightly, can promote water saving, strengthening sewage treatment, industrial water and agricultural irrigation basin to improve the efficiency of flow domain increased the amount of available water resources; water resources management level are the lowest in 2011, 2011 and 2015 showed an upward trend, that the implementation of key river basin pollution control basin planning 12th Five-Year < >, COD, ammonia emissions and other pollutants under control, the new pollution control area The project has high execution rate, pollution control and improve the level of social economy; the level of watershed increased year by year, consistent with the actual river basin economic development; ecological environment construction management level of the government management level and the river rise. (3) proposed the water environment management mode optimization. Aiming at the existing water environment management of Tuhai River basin the problem, from the perfect management system, perfecting the legal system, strengthen the price of water, water rights, ecological compensation system and other means of market economy and strengthen enterprises, communities, non-governmental organizations and all citizens to participate in the basin water environment management optimization model. Through the Research of this paper, put forward the fuzzy evaluation of water environment quality weighted entropy method and exceed the standard multiple method Fu method based on construction of water environment management and evaluation system of Tuhai River Basin. Provided the scientific party to achieve optimization of river basin water environmental management model Method and basis to ensure the scientific research, objectivity and accuracy. Starting from the existing river basin water environment management and river basin water environment quality problems, puts forward concrete measures of Tuhai River Basin water environment management mode of optimization, is conducive to the improvement of water environment quality and the water environment management level, more to promote the overall environmental quality of Tuhai River Basin.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X824

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