本文關(guān)鍵詞：生物質(zhì)炭還原劑的制備及對銅熔渣熔融還原特性的研究　出處：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 生物質(zhì)炭 銅熔渣 熱力學(xué) 生物質(zhì)

【摘要】：隨著冶金工業(yè)的迅猛發(fā)展,銅礦石資源消耗量逐年增加,因此帶來了一系列的問題。其中高品位礦石資源消耗殆盡,銅冶煉工業(yè)的高能耗、高污染造成的可持續(xù)發(fā)展與環(huán)境保護問題成為了重中之重。因此對銅冶金渣資源的資源化利用的意義重大�，F(xiàn)有的銅渣資源再利用技術(shù)存在諸如效率低、能耗高、工藝復(fù)雜等缺陷,致使經(jīng)濟效益不高、應(yīng)用不廣泛。隨著能源和環(huán)境問題日益惡化,亟需開發(fā)一種節(jié)能、環(huán)保的銅渣資源化利用新工藝。銅渣中的主要物相以Fe2SiO4和Fe3O4為主。本文在前人研究基礎(chǔ)上,提出采用生物質(zhì)炭還原銅熔渣以提取其有價組分的新工藝。該工藝的特點是節(jié)能環(huán)保并且經(jīng)濟性好。首先,生物質(zhì)炭是一種可再生資源,具有清潔、高效的特性。其次,生物質(zhì)炭制備的原料來自林業(yè)加工、農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)過程的邊角廢料和廢棄物。最后,生物質(zhì)炭的制備可以與銅冶煉過程的余熱利用相結(jié)合,利用冶煉過程中的余熱,實現(xiàn)炭轉(zhuǎn)化的高效率和高產(chǎn)率,降低了資源損耗。論文首先對銅渣中的有價金屬鐵還原反應(yīng)過程進行了熱力學(xué)分析。通過分析Fe-C-O的平衡相圖,分析還原劑添加量、還原溫度對反應(yīng)平衡的影響。得出在熔池熔融條件下,低溫有利于FeO還原成Fe。在1300℃時0.5 mol炭能將1 mol Fe3O4添完全還原為FeO。通過分析不同熱解條件對其產(chǎn)物—生物質(zhì)炭的性質(zhì)影響,發(fā)現(xiàn)隨著終溫的升高生物質(zhì)炭的熱值、固定碳、灰分、碳含量、孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)達程度、聚合度和石墨化程度都有所提高,而其產(chǎn)率、揮發(fā)分、氫和氧含量都有不同程度下降。通過還原實驗以及成效率確定了終止溫度為500 ℃時的產(chǎn)物—生物質(zhì)炭最適合做為還原劑還原熔融銅渣。以生物質(zhì)炭為還原劑,研究直接熔融過程中深度還原銅熔渣中的有價金屬的特性。對比分析了生物質(zhì)炭與煤粉在銅熔渣熔池熔煉還原過程的還原特征,探討了熔池溫度、生物質(zhì)炭添加量、反應(yīng)時間等影響因素對熔渣中有價金屬鐵的價態(tài)改變及遷移規(guī)律的影響機制。結(jié)果表明,生物質(zhì)炭能夠有效替代傳統(tǒng)煤質(zhì)還原劑,實現(xiàn)銅熔渣的深度還原。在生物質(zhì)炭與銅熔渣的質(zhì)量比為1.75:100,反應(yīng)溫度為1300℃時,鐵的轉(zhuǎn)變與遷移規(guī)律為Fe2O3-Fe3O4-FeO-Fe,金屬鐵的還原率可實現(xiàn)95%以上,銅的還原率達到98%以上,生物質(zhì)炭的利用率為90%。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of metallurgical industry, the consumption of copper ore resources increases year by year, which brings a series of problems. The problems of sustainable development and environmental protection caused by high pollution have become the most important. Therefore, it is of great significance to the utilization of copper metallurgical slag resources. The existing recycling technology of copper slag resources has such as low efficiency. High energy consumption, complex technology and other defects, resulting in low economic benefits, not widely used. With the worsening of energy and environmental problems, it is urgent to develop a kind of energy-saving. The main phases of copper slag are Fe2SiO4 and Fe3O4. A new process of reducing copper slag with biomass carbon to extract its valuable components is proposed. The process is characterized by energy saving and environmental protection and good economy. Firstly, biomass carbon is a renewable resource and clean. Secondly, the raw materials from forestry processing, agricultural production process corner waste and waste. Finally, the preparation of biomass carbon can be combined with copper smelting process of waste heat utilization. The high efficiency and high yield of carbon conversion can be realized by using the residual heat in the smelting process. The reduction process of valuable metal iron in copper slag was analyzed by thermodynamics. By analyzing the equilibrium phase diagram of Fe-C-O, the amount of reducing agent was analyzed. The effect of reduction temperature on the reaction equilibrium. Low temperature is favorable to the reduction of FeO to Fe. 1 mol can be obtained by 0.5 mol carbon at 1300 鈩，

本文編號：1413382