發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-11 08:27

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：新型改性殼聚糖滅菌微球的制備及初步應(yīng)用　出處：《浙江工商大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 殼聚糖 接枝改性 滅菌微球 滅菌性能

【摘要】：隨著社會(huì)的快速發(fā)展,人們生活質(zhì)量越來越高、安全意識(shí)越來越強(qiáng)。飲用水安全一直是全社會(huì)關(guān)注的熱點(diǎn),尤其是由微生物污染所引起的安全問題。解決該問題的方法主要有兩類:高溫滅菌和使用化學(xué)消毒劑。但是,前者成本高、耗能大、使用不便;后者會(huì)殘留令人討厭的氣味,存在"二次污染"的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。因此,開發(fā)既安全又高效,同時(shí)成本價(jià)格也低廉的滅菌劑成為研究的重要方向。固定化滅菌技術(shù)就是將具有抑菌作用的殺菌基團(tuán)固載于某種不可溶性載體的滅菌方法,體現(xiàn)了常溫滅菌且低能耗、低殘留的優(yōu)勢。本文在綜述了固定化殺菌劑種類及殼聚糖改性研究現(xiàn)狀基礎(chǔ)上,選用殼聚糖為實(shí)驗(yàn)材料,采用反相懸濁液法,制得交聯(lián)殼聚糖微球,將殺菌功能基通過一定的方式與交聯(lián)殼聚糖微球反應(yīng)合成新型改性滅菌微球,并利用元素分析法得出最佳合成條件。通過對受試菌的最小抑菌濃度(MIC)、最小殺菌濃度(MBC)的測試,篩選出殺菌性能優(yōu)異的滅菌微球,并對其進(jìn)行初步的性能研究和實(shí)際應(yīng)用。主要研究內(nèi)容如下:1.殼聚糖與環(huán)氧氯丙烷交聯(lián),在單因素條件實(shí)驗(yàn)下,以交聯(lián)微球?yàn)槟阁w,引入殺菌功能基配體,合成新型改性滅菌微球。利用元素分析得出滅菌微球的含氮量(N%),計(jì)算四種新型改性微球的轉(zhuǎn)化率,并根據(jù)每種微球的轉(zhuǎn)化率判斷最佳反應(yīng)溶劑、反應(yīng)溫度及反應(yīng)質(zhì)量比。在最佳合成件下,ABTC、APC、DMTC和CCC的轉(zhuǎn)化率分別為39.4%、42.9%、33.1%和44.2%。利用紅外光譜對改性微球的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行表征,推斷微球合成路線,并利用熱重分析法考察微球的熱穩(wěn)定性。2.通過對大腸桿菌(Escherichia coil)和金黃色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)的最小抑菌濃度(MIC)及最小殺菌濃度(MBC)的測定,考察改性微球的滅菌效果。結(jié)果表明ABTC和CCC殺菌效果最好。為了進(jìn)一步了解滅菌微球的性能,探討了 Ag+、Cu2+對微球滅菌效果的影響,結(jié)果表明ABTC和CCC微球仍能保持良好的殺菌性能。3.以ABTC和CCC為滅菌微球代表,對胞外DNA和RNA、TTC-脫氫酶活性進(jìn)行測定,深入探討微球滅菌機(jī)理,并對其金屬吸附及滅菌進(jìn)行重復(fù)使用性測試。兩種微球?qū)饘匐x子吸附重復(fù)使用5次后仍能將吸附率維持在95%以上;作為高效殺菌劑時(shí),可重復(fù)使用2次。通過熱重分析表征,考察此時(shí)微球熱穩(wěn)定性的變化。4.以正常流動(dòng)速度將含有微生物的飲用水通過ABTC和CCC改性滅菌微球制成的滅菌柱,測試結(jié)果直接證明ABTC和CCC改性滅菌微球具有良好的殺菌效果。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of society, people's quality of life is getting higher and higher, safety consciousness is becoming stronger and stronger. Drinking water safety has always been the focus of attention of the whole society. Especially the safety problem caused by microbial contamination. There are two main ways to solve this problem: high temperature sterilization and chemical disinfectant. However, the former is costly, energy consuming and inconvenient; The latter has the risk of "secondary pollution" with unpleasant odors. Therefore, development is both safe and efficient. At the same time, the low cost of sterilizing agent has become an important direction of research. Immobilized sterilization technology is to immobilize the bactericidal groups with bacteriostasis on an insoluble carrier. Based on the review of the kinds of immobilized fungicides and the present situation of chitosan modification, chitosan was selected as the experimental material and the reverse phase suspension method was adopted. The cross-linked chitosan microspheres were prepared. The bactericidal functional groups were reacted with cross-linked chitosan microspheres in a certain way to synthesize new modified sterilized microspheres. The optimum synthetic conditions were obtained by elemental analysis. The microspheres with excellent bactericidal properties were screened by testing the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the tested bacteria. The main contents are as follows: 1. Chitosan was crosslinked with epichlorohydrin. Under the single factor condition, the cross-linked microspheres were used as the parent and the bactericidal functional ligands were introduced. A new type of modified sterilized microspheres was synthesized. The nitrogen content of the microspheres was obtained by elemental analysis. The conversion rate of four new modified microspheres was calculated and the optimum reaction solvent was judged according to the conversion rate of each kind of microspheres. Under the optimum reaction temperature and mass ratio, the conversion rates of APC-DMTC and CCC were 39.4% and 42.9%, respectively. The structure of the modified microspheres was characterized by IR spectra and the synthetic route of the modified microspheres was deduced. The thermal stability of microspheres was investigated by thermogravimetry. Determination of minimal inhibitory concentration and minimal bactericidal concentration of Staphylococcus aureus. The sterilizing effect of modified microspheres was investigated. The results showed that ABTC and CCC had the best bactericidal efficacy. In order to further understand the properties of sterilizing microspheres, the effect of Ag / Cu _ 2 on the sterilizing effect of microspheres was discussed. The results showed that ABTC and CCC microspheres could still maintain good bactericidal properties. (3) the activities of extracellular DNA and RNA-TTC- dehydrogenase were determined by ABTC and CCC as the representative of sterilizing microspheres. The sterilizing mechanism of microspheres was discussed, and the reusability of metal adsorption and sterilizing of microspheres was tested. The adsorption rate of the two microspheres could still be kept above 95% after 5 times of repeated use of metal ions. As an efficient bactericide, it can be reused twice and characterized by thermogravimetric analysis. The changes of thermal stability of microspheres were investigated. 4. The microbe containing drinking water was treated with ABTC and CCC modified sterilizing microspheres at normal flow rate. The results showed that ABTC and CCC modified microspheres had good bactericidal effect.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江工商大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TQ314.1;R123.6

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